Big rattle pot
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Large rattlespot ( Rhinanthus angustifolius ) |
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| Rhinanthus angustifolius | ||||||||||||
| CCGmel. |
The large rattlespot ( Rhinanthus angustifolius ) is a species of the genus rattlespot ( Rhinanthus ) within the family of summer root plants (Orobanchaceae). The rattle pot owes its common German name to its ripe fruits, in which the seeds rattle when they are moved. He was voted Flower of the Year in 2005 .
description
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Vegetative characteristics
The large rattlespot is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 20 to 60 centimeters. The stem is branched upright, has black dashes and is almost bare.
Generative characteristics
The lower teeth of the bracts are pointed to short awning, the teeth are 4 to 8 millimeters long, the awns 1 to 5 millimeters.
The hermaphrodite flower is zygomorphic . The crown is 17 to 20 millimeters long and two-lipped. The corolla tube is evenly curved upwards, colored yellow, only the tooth on the upper lip is purple. The lower lip of the crown rests against the upper lip, so the entrance to the crown tube is closed.
The seeds are about 3 millimeters long.
ecology
The large rattle pot is a therophyte and semi-parasite .
From an ecological point of view, these are mask flowers, i. H. their often blue-spotted throat is almost closed. Pollinators are long-nosed bumblebees , and more rarely butterflies . The flowering period including the early forms extends from May to September.
The seeds are spread out as a glider pilot.
Occurrence
The large rattlespot occurs on meadows, semi- arid grass , forest and shrubbery fringes. It thrives best on alternately moist, moderately fresh, base-rich and nutrient-poor loam soils . This species is encouraged by intensive mowing or grazing . The Großer Klappertopf can be found at altitudes of up to 1300 meters, but is less common in the Alps.
Systematics
Rhinanthus angustifolius was first published in 1806 by Karl Christian Gmelin . Synonyms for Rhinanthus angustifolius C.C. Gmel. are: Alectorolophus crista-galli (L.) M.Bieb. , Rhinanthus crista-galli L. var. Crista-galli , Alectorolophus angustifolius (CCGmel.) Heynh. , Alectorolophus glaber (Lam.) Beck , Alectorolophus major Rchb. , Alectorolophus serotinus (Schönh.) Schinz & Thell. , Rhinanthus glaber Lam. , Rhinanthus paludosus O.Schwarz , Rhinanthus serotinus (Schönh.) Oborný , Alectorolophus major Rchb. subsp. major , Rhinanthus serotinus subsp. paludosus (black) and cutting. , Rhinanthus serotinus subsp. polycladus (Chabert) Dostál , Rhinanthus major var. serotinus Schönh. , Rhinanthus major var. Polycladus Chabert .
The species Rhinanthus angustifolius is very rich in forms, some subspecies are distinguished depending on the author:
- Rhinanthus angustifolius C.C. Gmel. subsp. angustifolius (Syn .: alectorolophus montanus (Saut.) Fritsch , Rhinanthus montanus Saut. , alectorolophus major subsp. montanus (Saut.) Wettst. , Rhinanthus major subsp. lykae Soó , Rhinanthus serotinus (Schönh.) Oborný subsp. serotinus , Rhinanthus serotinus . subsp angustifolius (. CCGmel) Dostál , Rhinanthus serotinus . subsp arenarius U.Schneid. , Rhinanthus serotinus subsp. lykae (Soó) Dostál , Rhinanthus major var. serotinus Schönh. ): It comes in Central Europe, particularly in companies of the Association Mesobromion ago .
- Rhinanthus angustifolius subsp. apterus (Fr.) Hyl. : The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
- Rhinanthus angustifolius subsp. bosniacus (Behrendsen & Sterneck) Webb : It occurs in Bulgaria.
- Rhinanthus angustifolius subsp. cretaceus (Vassilcz.) Soó : It occurs in Ukraine.
- Rhinanthus angustifolius subsp. grandiflorus (Wallr.) DAWebb (Syn .: Rhinanthus serotinus subsp. vernalis (NWZinger) Hyl. ): The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
- Rhinanthus angustifolius subsp. halophilus (U.Schneid.) Hartl (Syn .: Rhinanthus halophilus U.Schneid. , Rhinanthus serotinus subsp. halophilus (U.Schneid.) A.Pedersen ): It occurs mainly in societies of the Agropyro-Rumicion association. Its distribution area is the east coast of Germany and Denmark.
swell
- Siegmund Seybold : Flora of Germany and neighboring countries. A book for identifying vascular plants that grow wild and often cultivated . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 93rd completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2006, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
- Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch, Werner Westhus (eds.): Flora of Thuringia. The wild fern and flowering plants of Thuringia . Weissdorn, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 .
- Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Large rattling pot . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Karol Marhold, 2011: Scrophulariaceae : Datasheet Rhinanthus angustifolius In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ↑ a b c d Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 856-857 .
Web links
- Rhinanthus angustifolius auct. non CC Gmel. sl Soó 1968, large rattle pot. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Rhinanthus angustifolius CC Gmel. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 17, 2016.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to Eric Hultén .
- Thomas Meyer: Klappertopf data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).
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