Yellow daffodil
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Yellow daffodil ( Narcissus pseudonarcissus ) |
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| Narcissus pseudonarcissus | ||||||||||||
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The Yellow daffodil ( Narcissus pseudonarcissus ), also daffodil or Easter bells (because they usually around Easter flowers around), Wrong Narcissus , trumpet daffodil or regionally April Bell , March bell and snowflake called - in Grimm's dictionary yet Märzenbecher - is the best known plant species from the genus of daffodils ( Narcissus ) within the family of Amaryllidaceae family(Amaryllidaceae). This species was the flower of the year 1981.
description
The yellow daffodil grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that develops bulbs as persistent organs and reaches heights of 40 cm. Its yellow flowers stand individually on an inflorescence stem and appear from March. The approx. 6–10 bright yellow petals are arranged individually and surround the corolla, which in turn includes the six stamens. The secondary crown grows longitudinally and has a curled or lobed edge. It is often referred to as a trumpet, cup or tube. The leafless stalk appears compressed to angularly flattened. The blue-green, approx. 10-25 centimeters long, 4–6 leaves all grow basal, lanceolate and blunt at the end.
The yellow daffodil reproduces vegetatively through brood bulbs.
The plant is highly toxic and contains active ingredients that irritate the skin. With higher amounts there is a risk of paralysis and circulatory collapse as well as skin irritation, the so-called narcissus dermatitis , a contact dermatitis . The highest concentration of toxins is found in the onion, which is why consumption can be fatal.
distribution
Yellow daffodils were originally only native to Western Europe and Western Central Europe ; through cultivation they can be found as a garden plant everywhere in the temperate zones.
In Germany, the yellow daffodil as a wild plant (which is very different from the cultivated form, e.g. the flowers are considerably smaller) is severely threatened and accordingly strictly protected. Picking wild daffodils is therefore also prohibited. Such a wild occurrence is z. B. on Misselberg .
The yellow narcissus prefers sunny to partially shaded locations on moist, lime-poor and slightly loamy meadows. It can also be found on the edges of streams, light forests and in low mountain ranges. The daffodil can grow at altitudes of up to 2,000 meters.
use
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Use as a cut and border flower
With all the cultivars and hybrids that have emerged from it, the yellow daffodil is the economically most important of the daffodils. Every year during the flowering period it is marketed in large quantities as a cut flower . Due to its long shelf life (up to 10 days in a cool location), the daffodil is very popular in floristry . But their bulbs are also sold in considerable quantities as early bedding and border planting.
However, as a cut flower, the poison of daffodils also reduces the growth of other flowers, which is why they should always be mucilaged separately before they are combined with other types of flowers in a vase.
Use as a medicinal plant
The yellow daffodil was used in ancient times as a remedy for skin diseases such as lichen and ulcers because of its skin-irritating and toxic properties . Later folk medicine used it (like the white daffodil) against colds and whooping cough and as an emetic. For medical use see also daffodils .
Symbolism and meaning
The symbolic meaning of the daffodil is versatile. Above all, this is related to the Easter celebrations . This is due to the flowering period in March and April. In Christianity, the yellow daffodil stands for the resurrection. In Christianity, Easter is the feast of the resurrection of Jesus Christ - this is exactly how it is with the daffodil. It may have been believed dead for the rest of the year, but it will bloom again around Easter. The daffodil is therefore a symbol of eternal life.
literature
- John W. Blanchard: Narcissus. A Guide to Wild Daffodils. Alpine Garden Society, Woking 1990.
- Dumont's gardening manual: bulbs and tubers. Dumont Buchverlag, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-7701-4336-1 .
- Walter Erhardt : Daffodils - daffodils, jonquilles, tazettes. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-8001-6489-2 .
Web links
- Yellow daffodil. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Narcissus pseudonarcissus L., map for distribution in Switzerland In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Daffodil on Heimbiotop.de
- Daffodil in the nature lexicon
Individual evidence
- ↑ Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. Info Flora, accessed on April 11, 2020 .
- ↑ March mug. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 12 : L, M - (VI). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1885, Sp. 1691 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
- ↑ Specifications of the Narcissus Species. In: Heimbiotop.de. Retrieved March 25, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Osterglocke in the Nature Lexicon. In: Natur-Lexikon.com. Retrieved March 25, 2015 .
Lung Gentian (1980) | Yellow Daffodil (1981) | Red Forest Bird (1982) | Wild tulip (1983) | Summer Adonis (1984) | Wood Columbine (1985) | Arnica (1986) | Sea thistle (1987) | Marsh Calla (1988) | Carthusian Carnation (1989) | Mountain Sand Bells (1990) | Rosemary Heath (1991) | Round-leaved sundew (1992) | Checkerboard Flower (1993) | Broad-leaved orchid (1994) | Globeflower (1995) | Pasque Flower (1996) | Silver thistle (1997) | Crab Scissors (1998) | Marsh marigold (1999) | Purple Stone Seed (2000) | Blood-red cranesbill (2001) | Grove Violets (2002) | Kornrade (2003) | Alpenbellchen (2004) | Large rattling pot (2005) | Meadow foam herb (2006) | Bach avens (2007) | Nodding Thistle (2008) | Common Wegwarte (2009) | Siberian Iris (2010) | Moor lily (2011) | Heather Carnation (2012) | Hepatica (2013) | Swan Flower (2014) | Ordinary devil bite (2015) | Real cowslip (2016) | Corn Poppy (2017) | Long-Leaved Honorary Award (2018) | Common heather (2019) | Fever Clover (2020)