Westerhüsen primary school

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Westerhüsen primary school

The Westerhüsen primary school is a listed school building in the Magdeburg district of Westerhüsen .

The school building is located at Zackmünder Straße No. 1 and serves as the local elementary school .

Alignment

The primary school is a European school . In addition to foreign language lessons for English from the 1st grade in the form of face- to-face lessons, the culture of other European countries is also a topic in the various subjects. In addition, there are school partnerships with other European schools. There are educational reform pursued approaches. The school has a large school yard with old trees and a green classroom with a pond.

history

Today's school grounds have been in use for this purpose since around 1860. Previously, school lessons took place in the then still independent village of Westerhüsen near the Sankt-Stephanus-Kirche or in today's Sohlener Straße 3 or today's Kieler Straße 7 . The oldest surviving school building in Westerhüsens is the building next to the rectory at Elmer Strasse 3 , which essentially dates back to the end of the 17th century. Around the 1930s it was rebuilt by the then owner August Horch , which significantly changed its external appearance and especially the shape of the roof.

Oldest Westerhüser school building in Elmer Straße 3, in the back right the Elbe

First school at the church

The first school was set up after the Reformation, around 1553. The leaseholder of the bakery was the schoolmaster. In winter , teaching was therefore carried out in the warm bakery, located roughly in the area of ​​today's Alt Westerhüsen 30 building . During the church visit in 1564, however, the poor level of education was criticized. In the following years a first school building was built. Due to the devastation of the Thirty Years War , the school no longer existed. Not until 1660 was another schoolmaster mentioned , Andreas Seiffert from Schönebeck (Elbe) . In a big fire in 1687, Westerhüsen south of the church and with it the schoolhouse was destroyed. However, the reconstruction took place in a short time. 30 years later, the school proved to be clearly too small, so that the teacher Philipp Meisen successfully pushed for a repair and expansion in 1718. The cost of the construction work amounted to 129 thalers. Plans for a new building were not implemented for cost reasons. The foundation walls of a barn belonging to the school were washed away by floods from the Elbe and were dilapidated. The stone stairs of the school not far from the Elbe were blocked by ice floes during spring floods. The school class consisted of 150 children. The teacher's cramped apartment was also in the school building. Most recently, the teacher Peter Gottlieb Friedrich Witte lived there with his wife and seven children of their own.

After the period of French occupation, which lasted from 1806 to 1813 and thus Westerhüsens belonged to the Kingdom of Westphalia , the school teacher, like the pastor, again paid homage to the King of Prussia with a signature on January 18, 1814 .

New building on Sohlener Strasse

Former school building at Sohlener Straße 3
the schoolhouse on a reproduction of an oil painting from around the 1850s; noteworthy: the round window in the west gable and the roof eyes - both are no longer there today; the road to today's Bahnstrasse was still unpaved, and to the right of the school building is the old straw barn of Richter's court
Oak planted in 1863 in front of Sohlener Straße 3
left old school building at Sohlener Strasse 3 with oak trees, photo taken before 1902; the roof eyes are still there, the straw barn of Richter's court has disappeared

The community planned to expand the school building to the west towards the rectory. In his report of February 27, 1822, however, the building inspector Nünnecke examining the matter considered the project to be impracticable due to the age of the school building. The idea of ​​building the school west of the church on the site of today's parish hall also failed. The property seemed too small, and the hereditary burial sites located there at that time should have been removed, which the farmers turned against. It was therefore decided to build a new school building on the Schaftrift on Mühlenweg , today's Sohlener Straße 3 . Mühlenweg turned north from Sohlener Strasse behind a Richter's garden and led across today's railroad grounds to a mill on Holsteiner Strasse. The plan was criticized because the location was too far out of town and it was too cold there. However, since no better building site could be found, the building project was implemented. In order to enlarge the property, Ackermann Richter bought an area of ​​1/3 acre on June 6, 1828 for 25 thalers.

The old school house was auctioned to the linen weaver Martin Peters for 336 thalers, the estimated value was 465 thalers . These 336 thalers and another 400 were made available by the municipality of Westerhüsen for the construction of the school. The state contributed with a further 1270 thalers. The construction work was incumbent on the Salbker master carpenter Schrader , who had put the costs in an offer at 2,386 thalers. The building at Sohlener Strasse 3 was inaugurated on September 10, 1829 and was actually outside the village at that time. Due to the supposedly large distance between the church and the new school, Cantor Witte applied for a grant of five thalers a year to compensate for the increased wear and tear on his shoes, which he was also granted. According to today's understanding, both buildings are in the center of the village. Cantor Witte lived in the house until his retirement in 1853. The building had cornices over windows and doors at that time . A round window on the western gable was striking. There were three roof eyes on the roof. In 1851 a second position was set up for the school.

On March 17, 1863, in front of the building at Sohlener Strasse 3, which at that time was still used as a cantor's council, on the occasion of the celebrations for the 50th anniversary of the beginning of the wars of liberation against Napoleon, the King's appeal to Mein Volk and the Prussian declaration of war on France planted two oaks and a linden tree. The three trees were planted in honor of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. and its chief generals. Of these three trees, one oak has survived to this day (as of 2011).

Interim solution at Kieler Strasse

However, the new schoolhouse also turned out to be too small. In 1848 Westerhüsen had 217 school children. 17 children went to a newly founded private school, the other 200 were taught by Cantor Witte. Resolutions to hire a second teacher and to create a second classroom were initially not implemented. The plan to top up the school was not pursued for financial reasons, carpenter Schrader estimated costs of 1400 thalers. The idea of ​​converting the cantor's barn into a school building failed due to resistance from the parish and cantor. Ultimately, a property near the Westerhüsen ferry , today's Kieler Strasse 7 , was purchased from the tax inspector Voigt for 3000 thalers . The inauguration of this school building took place for the Reformation Festival in 1852. It is known that master baker Müller donated a large black plaque to the "first school" in 1854. The building was replaced as a school a short time later by the first new building on today's Zackmünder Strasse and then later sold to the entrepreneur Gerloff on November 5, 1902 . The building at Sohlener Strasse 3 was used as a cantor's council until 1915. The teacher and cantor Finke lived there until October 1, 1917.

School in Zackmünder Strasse

View from Zackmünder Strasse, on the right the red schoolhouse built in 1885

As early as 1860 a new school was built in today's Zackmünder Strasse, which was expanded to the north in 1878. This plastered building was demolished in the early 21st century. The western house wall has been partially preserved and is used as a property fence. The building that still exists today, called the “red schoolhouse” to distinguish it from the old building, was built in 1885, right next to the old building. The new building, made of red bricks, had two classrooms on the ground floor . This school building is still in use today as part of the school, making it the oldest school building in the city of Magdeburg that is still operated as a school. Two small apartments were housed on the upper and attic floors. With the transformation of Westerhüsens from a farming village to an industrial location, the number of inhabitants grew rapidly, so that in 1902 a considerable expansion of the school was necessary. The 1885 building was expanded to accommodate four classrooms. In the same year, a larger three-story school building was added to the south side. The facade of the school building, which is also made of red bricks, has six window axes. There is a two-story bay window above the entrance. Inside, this new building offered space for six classes. The schoolyard, which is still in use today, has existed since 1902.

In everyday school life, the question of whether children from free religious families still had to attend religious instruction at school was a contentious issue . In 1895 the school inspector, probably the Westerhüser pastor Adolf Hermes, is said to have asked two children to attend religious classes. When one of the children objected, it is said to have been beaten. The parents filed a complaint against the behavior.

As early as 1912, when Westerhüsen had been incorporated into Magdeburg in 1910, another extension was added. On the south side of the 1902 building, this time a four-story house was built, again made of red bricks. The new building, which has four window axes, does not face the eaves side of the schoolyard in front of it , but the gable side . This last section was awarded a mansard roof , during the first two phases of construction with pitched roofs are covered. On the south side there is a covered staircase. The extension provided space for another seven classes and the school auditorium . Due to its history, the entire building has a stepped shape that rises from north to south.

The simple facades are structured by pilaster strips and have serrated friezes . The windows are designed as segment arch windows.

A toilet extension was built to the south of the school building, which was also built using clinker brick and of which only remains of the foundations can be seen today. Between this toilet block and a school gymnasium with was bars , horizontal bar and wall bars including oblique, adjustable ladders set up. There was also a school day nursery that was operated in the house built in 1860. The headmaster's apartment was also located there. The caretaker lived in the basement of the red school building from 1885. The school was run as the Westerhüsener Volksschule .

The First World War from 1914 to 1918 also had an impact on school operations, as several teachers were called up for military service, even the school principal Otto Diekmann had to do 14 months garrison service in Cologne . The teacher Gustav Goedecke , who also lived on the school premises, acted as his representative . The children had to do collections. Collections for wool, rubber, metal, gold and paper were carried out. 20 quintals of plum kernels and 320 quintals of leaves were also collected for use as horse fodder. In the winter of 1917/18, school operations were relocated to the Salbker school , probably due to the scarce heating resources . Because of the long way to school, many parents left their children at home, citing inadequate footwear. Rector Diekmann complained that children were not sent to school for the most trivial reasons. The irregularity of the lessons took on considerable proportions during the First World War for various reasons. Rector Diekmann complained about a sharp drop in benefits. Although the requirements were significantly reduced, he assessed the result of the transfer as sad.

Around 1915, church and state were separated in the Westerhüser school system. The responsibility of the church for teaching, which had existed until then, no longer existed. The property of the cantorate and nine acres fell to the city. Another twelve acres of Kantoratsack and two acres of Kantoratswiese remained at the church.

From 1909 to 1917 Hermann Milius , who later became known as the president of the handball association of the GDR, was a student at the Westerhüsen elementary school. In 1923 the school was converted from a primary school to a reform-oriented collective school, in which there was no longer any religious instruction. In this context, the previous rector Otto Dieckmann , who lived at Sohlener Strasse 128 , was transferred to the Salbke Protestant primary school on April 28, 1923 . Dieckmann was considered to be nationally conservative and so did not fit in with the new content orientation of the school. It has been handed down from Rector Dieckmann that, at the request of the social democratic district school council, he had to cut 26 pages out of a school chronicle that he had drawn up, because he had brought his political views there. When the National Socialists came to power , however, all seven reform schools that had emerged in Magdeburg, including the Westerhüsener, were converted again, so that the period as a reform school ended on June 2, 1933. The school was run as the 29th community school. The rector was Bruno Haake , who lived in Alt Westerhüsen 141 .

Schools continued to operate during the Second World War , probably until the last year of the war. The school was occupied in two classes with eight classes, with almost 40 students being taught in each of the 16 classes that existed. In the old school building at Sohlener Strasse 3 , foreign forced laborers were housed who had to work on farms in Westerhüsens. After the end of the war, new teachers were also employed in Westerhüsen, although some of the teachers from the Nazi era also remained active.

In the time of the GDR , after damage to the school roof, the mansard roof was redesigned to a simpler monopitch roof . The school was operated as a primary school, with classes continuing up to 8th grade. The responsible middle school , to which pupils went to obtain the secondary school leaving certificate in the 9th and 10th grades, was the Salbke Middle School . In 1960 the school was converted into a ten-class polytechnic high school. From 1962, the heating was carried out by a district heating pipe . The physical education took place in the hall of a former restaurant in Alt Westerhüsen 13 . The hall was nicknamed Dreckje Emmer . The Tonschacht sports field, a little west of the school, on the other side of the railway line, which was built on the site of the Diana forced labor camp after the Second World War, served as a sports field . The school used the memorial on what is now the United Nations field for pioneering, FDJ and sports honors . In the 1970s, a sponsorship agreement was signed with the Fahlberg-List chemical plant further north . The company's sponsor brigades were assigned to the classes at the school . There had already been a collaboration before. In 1964, for example, the effectiveness of chemical weed control was investigated together with the Lemsdorf school on behalf of Fahlberg-List . The Elbanil preparation was applied to the plots and the effect observed. The school sports community of the school was supported by members of the Fahlberg-List company sports community chemistry. Together with sports teacher Jürgen Brandt, the athletics , volleyball , chess and shooting sections were run in the school sports community in 1965 . In 1984 Fahlberg-List and the State Railroad Repair Works Salbke set up a joint polytechnic center in which polytechnic lessons were carried out for the Salbker and Westerhüser high schools.

In the late 1970s, the school received the name of the Russian writer and author from Timur and his team , Arkadi Gaidar . The school's pioneering friendship bore the name of the Soviet partisan Soja Kosmodemjanskaja . In 1974, New Germany , published in Berlin, reported that the pioneering friendship had made contact with the Soviet Union.

After the end of the GDR, the school was converted into a primary school and taught in two classes up to the fourth grade. Later it was switched to single pass. The elementary school has been a European school since April 1997.

Since the 1990s, Magdeburg's municipal politics have repeatedly discussed whether the Westerhüsen school location should be retained and the school building should be renovated. A proposal by the city administration to close and move to the Salbke primary school was rejected by the city council in 2004. However, since permanent continued operation was not ensured, renovation measures were not taken, resulting in a repair and renovation backlog. After an intensive discussion, the city administration announced in April 2011 that it would now submit a proposal to the city council for the maintenance of the elementary school and a needs-based renovation as a one- to two-class elementary school.

In 2010/2011, the Salbke primary school, which was being renovated at the time, was also run here. The Salbker students then moved back to their school building in February 2011. In the school year 2010/2011, on July 2, 2011, the school celebrated the 150th anniversary of the Zackmünder Strasse location with a school festival in the presence of Mayor Lutz Trümper . The replacement of the windows urgently in need of renovation began in December 2012 and was completed in February 2013.

For budget advice in 2014, the alliance green council group initiated an intergroup application on November 20, 2013, in which the CDU, FDP, SPD and Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen took part, with the aim of adding € 40,000 to the budget for the renovation of the school's sanitary facilities. The application was then changed by an amendment from the Finance Committee on November 26, 2013, so that the city administration must review the need for renovation by June 30, 2014 at the latest and submit a budget.

On March 31, 2014, on the occasion of the EU School Project Day, the Prime Minister of Saxony-Anhalt, Reiner Haseloff , visited the Westerhüsen elementary school , accompanied by the state parliament members Dieter Steinecke and Olaf Meister .

literature

  • Otto Dieckmann: Our oldest school in the Evangelical Community Gazette Magdeburg-Westerhüsen 1924–1942
  • Otto Dieckmann: About the schoolhouse on the Elbe ferry and the new schoolhouses at the Westerhüser Friedhof , in the Evangelical Community Gazette Magdeburg-Westerhüsen 1924–1942
  • Friedrich Großhennig: Ortschronik von Westerhüsen in the Magdeburg-SO district , manuscript in the Magdeburg city archive, Part I, signature 80 / 1035n, page 35 ff.
  • Sabine Ullrich: Magdeburg Schools , State Capital Magdeburg 2006, page 204 ff.
  • Monument Directory Saxony-Anhalt, Volume 14, State Capital Magdeburg , State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt, Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86568-531-5 , page 568

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Großhennig, Ortschronik von Westerhüsen in the Magdeburg-SO district, manuscript in the Magdeburg city archive, signature 80 / 1035n, Part II, page 48
  2. ↑ All sorts of local history in the Magdeburg-Westerhüsen community newspaper, around 1936
  3. ^ Official Journal of the Government of Magdeburg , 1851, page 435
  4. ↑ Friedrich Großhennig, Ortschronik von Westerhüsen in the Magdeburg-SO district , manuscript in the Magdeburg City Archives, Part II, signature 80 / 1035n, page 51, citing a protocol from Pastor Schulze of October 11, 1863; Reports of a master bricklayer Friedrich Schmidt from Offenbach to the later pastor Albert Hosenthien , according to which he would have planted and the planting was only carried out in 1867 to commemorate the wars of freedom, should be incorrect. Assumptions based on this, that the three trees stand for three soldiers who fell in 1866, would therefore be wrong.
  5. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Magdeburg, year 1854, page 215
  6. ↑ Westerhüsen (religious compulsion) In: Volksstimme . January 20, 1895.
  7. ^ Magdeburg address book 1914, part IV, page 31
  8. ^ Magdeburg address book 1916, Part I, page 101
  9. ↑ Westerhüsen in World War I in From the local history of Magdeburg-Westerhüsen , August 1942
  10. ↑ Magdeburg in the First World War 1914 to 1918, Eine Großstadt auf der Heimatfront , Ed .: Maren Ballerstedt, Gabriele Köster, Maik Hattenhorst, Mitteldeutscher Verlag Halle (Saale) 2014, ISBN 978-3-95462-307-5 , page 114
  11. ↑ Magdeburg in the First World War 1914 to 1918, Eine Großstadt auf der Heimatfront , Ed .: Maren Ballerstedt, Gabriele Köster, Maik Hattenhorst, Mitteldeutscher Verlag Halle (Saale) 2014, ISBN 978-3-95462-307-5 , page 115
  12. ↑ Westerhüsen in World War I in From the local history of Magdeburg-Westerhüsen , August 1942
  13. ↑ Maik Hattenhorst, Magdeburg 1933 , Mitteldeutscher Verlag Halle (Saale) 2010, ISBN 978-3-89812-775-2 , page 57
  14. ↑ Westerhüsen in World War I in From the local history of Magdeburg-Westerhüsen , August 1942
  15. ^ Albert Hosenthien , Gottesdienst und Volksdienst , Leopold Klotz Verlag Gotha 1935, page 113
  16. ^ Magdeburg address book 1939, Part IV, page 17
  17. ↑ Peter-Ernst Schmidt, foreign, forced, concentration camp, prisoner of war and labor education camps during the Nazi era in Magdeburg. , March 2007
  18. ↑ Peter-Ernst Schmidt, The “Field of the United Nations” on the Westerhüser Friedhof, June 2011
  19. ↑ Specialists in New Germany of August 13, 1964, page 4 The preparation is referred to in the article as Elbatil, which is certainly Elbanil.
  20. ^ The hosts in New Germany from February 25, 1965, page 8
  21. ↑ Companies set up a Polytechnic Center in Neues Deutschland on September 22, 1984, page 14
  22. ↑ From the life of the partisan in Neues Deutschland, October 27, 1974, page 5
  23. ↑ Development of school locations , printed matter DS0119 / 11 of the state capital Magdeburg from March 25, 2011, page 6
  24. ^ Amendment of November 20, 2013, DS 0108/13/28
  25. ^ Amendment of November 26, 2013, DS 0108/13/28/1
  26. ↑ Nadine Liese, Large countries in small shoe boxes in the Magdeburger Volksstimme from April 1, 2014, page 17

Coordinates: 52 ° 3 ′ 47.2 "  N , 11 ° 40 ′ 37.2"  E