St. Gudula (roadstead)

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St. Gudula
Detail of the floor by Philipp Baum

The Catholic parish church of St. Gudula is a listed church building in Rhede , a town in the Borken district in North Rhine-Westphalia .

History and architecture

In the 12th century, the von Rhete family founded their own church . The Gothic hall church was expanded again and again until the 19th century. For reasons of space, the building was torn down and a new one was built between 1898 and 1901 according to plans by Hilger Hertel . The inauguration took place on June 12, 1901. The neo-Gothic , three-aisled brick hall with three choir apses has a polygonal central area. The tower is 77.5 meters high.

Patronage of St. Gudula

The home of St. Gudula is Belgium, where she was born around 650. She was particularly influenced by her godmother, St. Abbess Gertrud von Nivelles . As a strict hermit, Gudula devoted herself entirely to intercessory prayer and the many people who came from afar to seek advice and consolation. She died on January 8, 712. In 1047, the Count of Leuven brought her remains to Brussels in the main church, the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula (Brussels) .

The skull of St. Gudula is kept in the parish church of Eibingen near Rüdesheim. He became St. Hildegard von Bingen as a present.

Gudula is depicted as a simply dressed woman with a burning candle in a lantern. Mostly she carries a book.

Furnishing

The church is particularly attractive due to its completely preserved, neo-Gothic furnishings, mostly by local artists (including sculptor Stracke in Bocholt), and it should not be underestimated as a special merit of the community and its responsible persons that the furnishings and windows also in has been preserved since the time after the Council, when in many places, above all, historicist furnishings were rigorously removed from the churches.

  • Baptismal font, high altar with passion scenes, St. Mary's and Joseph's altar, choir stalls for the clergy and the patronage family of the Princes zu Salm-Salm, communion bench, confessionals and pews, artistic paving of the choir and wall plinth, stations of the cross painted by the hand of the painters Windhausen from Roermond.
  • Altar table with ambo (lectern) and priest's seat on an altar island according to plans by Ernst Rasche from Mülheim. An ornament made of flowers as a symbol of the tree of life. The reliquary grave on the front contains the relics of St. Didacus from Alcalá de Henares in Spain (Franciscan, † November 12, 1463).
  • So far, little attention has been paid to the very high quality choir pillars and a huge St. Christopher on the outside of the tower, which, due to their sculptural quality and their proximity to medieval works, are at the forefront of neo-Gothic portraits in north-west Germany, and even surpass the sculptures of the Cologne cathedral building works of that time ; the sculptor is so far unknown.
  • Seven-armed candlesticks in the choir, apostolic candlesticks, altar candlesticks and a large built-in cupboard in the sacristy complete the extensively preserved inventory.
  • The completely preserved, high quality neo-Gothic glazing of the church, baptistery and sacristy, created between 1901 and 1913 in the workshops of the Derix company in Kevelaer, is of outstanding importance.
  • Under the wall paint that is visible today, the entire building-time painting of the church has been preserved; an exposed sample axis on the Joseph altar is visible.
  • The floor covering of the choir room and a single picture of St. George on horseback by Philipp Baum (Villeroy & Boch).

Important pieces of the furnishings of the previous church, which was laid down in 1898, have been preserved and were reintegrated into the church space as early as 1901 and during the most recent interior renovation.

  • Romanesque font, Bentheim type, soon before 1200, damaged, today as a holy water font under the organ.
  • An oak relief depicting the death of Mary in the Westphalian workshop from the beginning of the 16th century as a middle relief of the Marien altar with neo-Gothic setting.
  • Two late Gothic apostle statuettes made of Baumberger sandstone, painted in color, probably from a former altar context.
  • Figure of the parish patroness St. Gudula, Brussels or Mechelen around 1520.
  • Small pieta, Westphalian, wood, unmounted, around 1430/50.
  • Baroque altar paintings of the former side altars, around 1670/80 by the hand of the painter Hermann Veltmann, active in Coesfeld, creative period: 1676–1723. An extract from the altar from St. Gudula Rhede is in the “Old Church” museum in Reken.
  • Baroque Anna, unmounted, from a former altar.
  • Portraits of Jesuit generals from the Coesfeld Jesuit monastery (items on loan from the Reken Church Museum ), probably reached Rhede via the Varlar monastery near Coesfeld (patronage monastery), which was dissolved during the secularization.
  • A seated figure of Mary with a child of considerable size, which was already on loan in the Gudula Monastery and was mentioned in news from the 17th century and for which a silver rosary and a metal crown have been preserved, is currently being scientifically examined for its age (neo-Gothic or medieval ) and checked whether it is about the church's image of Mary, which has hitherto been considered lost and has been “venerated” for centuries, or a later re-creation.
  • Top of the late Gothic sacrament house with a plastic figure of Christ (Baumberger sandstone) set up in a wayside shrine between roadstead and Krechting.

In the little church treasure:

  • Two chasubles with late Gothic embroidery (Cologne around 1450/1460 and Brabant around 1500), as well as two dalmatics with Cologne borders around 1450/1460.
  • Good neo-Gothic goblets on loan from the hospital chapel
  • A little noticed chalice of a Salm-Salmschen local chaplain by the Anholter artist Nadorp in the church of Vardingholt.
  • Neo-Gothic tower monstrance.
  • A baroque sun monstrance, probably Lucas Böemer Münster, end of the 17th century.
  • A rocociborium made of gold-plated silver.

organ

The organ on the east gallery

The organ was built in 1998 by the company Orgelbau Romanus Seifert & Sohn (Kevelaer). The slider chests -instrument has 52  registers (3,576 pipes ) on three manuals and pedal . The Spieltrakturen are mechanically, the Registertrakturen electrically. The organ is equipped with an electronic composer system and a register crescendo.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Principal 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Concert flute 8th'
4th Gamba 8th'
5. octave 4 ′
6th Flauto 4 ′
7th Super octave 2 ′
8th. Cornet V (from c 0 ) 8th'
9. Mixture major IV 2 ′
10. Mixture minor III-VI 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
11. Trumpet 8th'
12. Trumpet 4 ′
II swell positive C – g 3
13. Drone 16 ′
14th Principal 8th'
15th Dumped 8th'
16. Quintad 8th'
17th octave 4 ′
18th Reed flute 4 ′
19th Principal 2 ′
20th Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
21st Sifflet 1'
22nd Sesquialter II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Mixture IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
24. Zimbel III 1'
25th Cromorne 8th'
26th Clarinet 8th'
Tremulant
III Swell C – g 3
27. Salicet 16 ′
28. Flute harmonique 8th'
29 Drone 8th'
30th Gamba 8th'
31. Vox coelestis (from c 0 ) 8th'
32. Transverse flute 4 ′
33. Fugara 4 ′
34. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
35. Piccolo 2 ′
36. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
37. Harmonica III 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
38. bassoon 16 ′
39. tuba 8th'
40. oboe 8th'
41. Vox humana 8th'
42. Trumpet 4 ′
Tremblant
Pedal C – g 1
43. Sub bass 32 ′
44. Principal bass 16 ′
45. Sub bass 16 ′
46. Octave bass 8th'
47. Dacked bass 8th'
48. octave 4 ′
49. Bombard 32 ′
50. trombone 16 ′
51. Trumpet bass 8th'
52. Trumpet 4 ′
  • Couple
    • Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: I / I
    • Super octave coupling: II / I, III / II, III / III

The choir organ was largely built by the community itself from two instruments, in particular using pipe material from the old main organ. The choir organ has 28 registers on three manuals and a pedal.

I main work C – a 3
1. Quintad 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Dumped 8th'
4th octave 4 ′
5. Coupling flute 4 ′
6th Swiss pipe 2 ′
7th Scharff III 1'
8th. Sesquialter II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
9. Trumpet 8th'
10. Krummhorn 16 ′
Tremulant
II Swell C – g 3
11. Hollow flute 8th'
12. Reed flute 8th'
13. Principal 4 ′
14th Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
15th Principal 2 ′
16. Sifflet 1'
17th Terzian II 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
18th oboe 8th'
Tremulant
III. Manual C – g 3
19th Wooden flute 8th'
20th Dumped 8th'
21st Aeoline 8th'
22nd Gemshorn 4 ′
23. Principal 2 ′
24. Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – g 1
25th Sub-bass 16 ′
26th flute 8th'
27. octave 4 ′
28. trombone 16 ′
  • Coupling : I 4 ′ / I, II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P

Bells

The tower houses seven chime bells. Bells 1 to 6 were cast by the bell foundry Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock in 1951 and 2006 respectively. The St. John's Bell (No. 7), which was cast by Gerhard van Wou in 1492, is of historical importance.

No. Surname Casting year Foundry, casting location Ø (cm) Weight (kg) Nominal Remarks
1 Christ bell 2006 Bell foundry Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock 155 2,349 c 1 +1 Holiday bell
2 Marienbell 1951 132 1,432 it 1 Sunday and death bells
3 Joseph Bell 1951 115 1.007 f 1
4th Gudula bell 1951 102 659 g 1
5 Guardian angel bell 1951 81 355 b 1 Angelus bell
6th Liudger bell 2006 82 372 c 2
7th St. John's Bell 1492 Gerhard van Wou 58 118 e 2 +8

Historical wooden bell chair (the iron bell chair was removed during the last renovation in 1951), possibly using historical wood from the bell chair from the previous church.

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments, North Rhine-Westphalia , Volume 2. Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969
  • Wilhelm Rave: Architectural and Art Monuments of Westphalia , Volume 46.Borken District, 1954.
  • Ursula Ninfa: Buildings and works of art in Westmünsterland. Borken, 1999.
  • Ursula Ninfa: History of the city of Rhede. Edited by Heimatverein Rhede, 2000.
  • Josef H. Dalhaus et al .: 100 years of Sankt Gudula 1901 - 2001. Rhede 2001.
  • Heinz-Günther Wessels: Church leader Catholic parish church St. Gudula Rhede. 2001
  • Damberg-Muschiol: The Diocese of Münster 805-2005. Munster 2005.

Web links

Commons : St. Gudula (Rhede)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Church leader St. Gudula Rhede. Edited by the Catholic parish of St. Gudula Rhede, 2001, p. 5.
  2. ^ Church leader St. Gudula Rhede. Published by the Catholic parish of St. Gudula Rhede, 2001, p. 13.
  3. ↑ The wooden Madonna has to go into the tube. In: Westfälische Nachrichten . October 6, 2012, accessed November 28, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Georg Dehio ; Dorothea Kluge; Wilfried Hansmann ; Ernst Gall : North Rhine-Westphalia . In: Handbook of German Art Monuments . tape 2 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1969, OCLC 272521926 , p. 482 .
  5. ↑ Chronicle of the organs. Catholic parish St. Gudula Rhede, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on November 28, 2018 .
  6. ↑ The Seifert organ in St. Gudula. Catholic parish St. Gudula Rhede, archived from the original on August 8, 2017 ; accessed on November 28, 2018 . Roadstead St. Ursula: Disposition. (pdf, 2.3 MB) orgelbau-seifert.de, July 3, 2013, accessed on November 28, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Rhede, St. Gudula. In: orgelsite.nl. December 8, 2017. Retrieved November 28, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Josef H. Dalhaus: Sankt Gudula Rhede: Historic parish church in the town center on the market. Catholic parish St. Gudula Rhede, archived from the original on August 18, 2017 ; accessed on November 28, 2018 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 50 ′ 26 "  N , 6 ° 41 ′ 49"  E