Well Höltigbaum
Coordinates: 53 ° 36 ′ 35.2 ″ N , 10 ° 11 ′ 27.1 ″ E
The former Höltigbaum estate with its manor house is located in Hamburg-Rahlstedt . The listed villa with its outbuildings is located directly on the border with Schleswig-Holstein on Sieker Landstrasse.
history
Establishment of the estate until 1756
The area around the later Höltigbaum manor house was referred to in the Oldenfelder Erdbuch from 1708 as Oldenfelder Hagen and later also as Mannhagen. At that time, the fields were farmed jointly by the farmers, but the area was legally subdivided and individual strips belonged to the six Oldenfeld full farms (Hufen). The easternmost strip of the Oldenfelder Hagens, assigned to the farmer Claus Krohn, reached as far as the highway between Hamburg and Lübeck . Krohn was the farmer's bailiff in Oldenfelde and also had the right to run a jug .
The Krohn family's first attempts in 1737 to build a second jug on Mannhagen failed due to resistance from the Rahlstedt Church. She had declared that in earlier times there was a chapel at this place and that the land belonged to the church. From 1738 the church leased the land to Matthias Hildebrand from Neu-Rahlstedt. At the end of the same year, Duke Karl Friedrich banned the erection of the pitcher .
According to a judgment of the Lübeck bishop on May 20, 1739, the jug was now to be built by Matthias Hildebrand. In the church chronicle of Rahlstedt in 1796 it was recorded that after the Duke's death in 1739 “the Oldenfelds took everything away again”. 1750 was Oldenfelde together with other "Rühmerdörfer" named places by Tsar Peter III. (in personal union Duke of Holstein-Gottorf ) pledged to Hamburg. The tax estimates made in this connection show that Claus Krohn's heirs ran a jug kate on Mannhagen for which taxes were payable. In 1756 Heinrich Stehr bought land from the Krohn family on Mannhagen, together with the Krugkate and a barn for 2100 Courantmarks .
Owned by the Kratzmann family - Mannhagen becomes Höltigbaum
Stehr sold the farm to Claus Kratzmann from Ostholstein in 1775 . The yard at that time was 8 tons , about 5.4 hectares . Since the farm bordered directly on the Stapelfelder area, Kratzmann was given one tonne of land to cultivate in 1780 and another 11 tons of Stapelfelder in 1784. At the Oldenfelder coupling in 1786, Kratzmann got a further 12 tons of land, so that the size of the farm had now increased to 32 tons (21.52 hectares).
Carsten Kratzmann, Claus Kratzmann's brother, became a customs leaseholder of the Trittau and Reinbek offices in 1786 . He moved the customs office from the Alt-Rahlstedter Mühle to the Landstrasse near Mannhagen. Claus Kratzmann became his brother's leaseholder and thus a customs collector. From now built turnpike name Höltigbaum (holding tree) was derived from the port. In 1804, Claus Kratzmann bought more land south of the highway in the Stapelfelder area. The estate now comprised 39 tons (26.23 hectares). In 1808 the son Hans Jakob Andreas took over the farm.
The Napoleonic Wars of that time with the continental blockade brought great problems for the estate. Soldiers had to be taken care of, and customs revenues collapsed due to declining trade. In 1813 fighting between French and Russian troops and their respective allies broke out in the area. In addition to the burden of billeting , infectious diseases such as typhus and dysentery broke out. Hans Jakob Andreas Kratzmann and his father Claus died in 1813 of an "infectious nerve fever ". The widow of Hans Jacob Andreas Kratzmann married Hans Heinrich Georg Wegner in 1814, who ran Gut Höltigbaum for 16 years as a "landlord" in trust for Kratzmann's children. In 1830 Andreas Kratzmann took over the farm. In 1837 the customs office was relocated from Höltigbaum to Alt-Rahlstedt. In the same year, Andreas Kratzmann himself became the general tenant for Trittau and Reinbek, but on January 1, 1839, land, freight and timber tariffs ended, which meant that these revenues were lost. At this point in time, the expansion of today's federal highway 75 between Olsesloe and Wandsbek to Chaussee had already started and was completed in 1843. The country road at Höltigbaum became an insignificant, poorly used side road, which also meant that the income from the inn was lost. In 1845 Kratzmann had to file for bankruptcy. Initially, the estate was owned by his wife Susanne, but Höltigbaum had to sell her in 1850. In the following years the estate changed hands several times. In the building tax assessment of 1867, Gut Höltigbaum was described in detail. In addition to the manor house, there was also a half-timbered barn and a massive stable building (“cattle house”). In a half-timbered cottage there were three apartments for day labor families . The mansion was massive and had a pan roof .
1892 Construction of the mansion by Julius Simmonds
In 1889 Julius Simmonds, a merchant born in Saint Thomas in the Danish West Indies and with US citizenship, acquired the Höltigbaum estate. In 1891 he married Agnes Moeller, who was born in Poznan , and in 1892 built the villa that still exists today on the site of the old manor house for 500,000 marks .
The building was described by contemporaries as very luxurious. The walls were adorned with silk wallpaper painted by Italian artists . The ceilings were painted. The house had central heating, water pipes and electric lights. As early as 1895, Simmonds had to sell the estate with the villa for only 200,000 marks on the stock exchange. His marriage was divorced in 1897 and he returned to North America in November 1900 with his second wife and 5-year-old son from his first marriage. New owner of Höltigbaum was the voigtländische carpet manufacturer Carl Friedrich te Kock, who in 1902 but the estate to the Bernese resold landowner Karl Baron von Schröder.
Central hall
Hall in front of the stairs
Ceiling in the stairwell
Blanket in a guest room
Blanket in a guest room
Labor camp, retirement home and hotel - 1931 until today
Many other changes of ownership followed in quick succession until the Stormarn district acquired Höltigbaum in 1931 . In 1932 the German National Handicrafts Association set up a labor camp at Gut Höltigbaum, which was taken over by the Young German Order a little later . After the seizure of power by the National Socialists, the order was in most German countries banned. On Höltigbaum, an unspecified "flag incident" on April 20, 1933 (the Führer birthday ) was the reason for the elimination of the order and the takeover of the camp by the "Association for the Retraining of Voluntary Workers" from July 1933. The camp was part of the later established Reich Labor Service ( RAD) and was run by this until January 20, 1938 as the Reich Labor Camp " Detlev von Liliencron ".
Some of the agricultural land on the property north of the manor house was expropriated in 1935 and rededicated as a military training area along with land from other affected farmers. The present-day Höltigbaum nature reserve includes significant parts of this area . In 1937, the Wandsbeck biscuit manufacturer Hermann Heins acquired the estate. After the RAD moved out, the mansion was initially used as a grain store. Since the grain was dumped loosely into the building, rats quickly became infected and the grain had to be removed again. After that, the building was used as a furniture store until the end of the war.
After the war, refugees from Lithuania lived on Höltigbaum from July 1945 to April 1946 . From 1948, the Inner Mission established an old people's home in the manor house , which was operated until 1970. From 1985 to 1989 an artist group moved in and tried to carry out urgent repairs themselves. From 1990 the Heins family rented the manor house to Hossein Anahid from Iran , who ran a hotel with eleven rooms on Höltigbaum after a two-year restoration and conversion phase.
In 2013 the Höltigbaum manor changed hands again. Siegfried Greve has been the owner since then and operates it as an event location for a wide variety of occasions. In 2014, Höltigbaum was the location for the feature film Alterglow .
Preserved buildings
A map from 1921 shows the existing building stock at that time. Originally there was a barn and a cowshed on both sides of the driveway. Only the former cowshed is preserved. The former workers' houses further east on the road both still exist. The former administrator's house and a building that was formerly used as a wash house still exist. The large grain barn, the horse stable, the power station and two coach houses are no longer preserved .
literature
- Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde is 700 years young . Media-Service Juckenack & Kiesewetter, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-00-000460-2 .
- Rahlstedter Yearbook for History and Culture 2007; Ehrhart Lotter: "The Höltigbaum Labor Camp 1932-1937" Pages 52-62 (PDF 67.5 MB)
- Daniel Tilgner (Ed.): Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. The Haspa manual for all districts of the Hanseatic city. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-455-11333-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 22
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 25
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 224
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Unser Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 25 and p. 201
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 224
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 227
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 229
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Our Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 229 ff.
- ↑ Dietmar Möller: Unser Oldenfelde 700 years young , 1996, p. 232 ff.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt: Senta Berger and Mario Adorf: Quickies with Oldies , accessed on August 15, 2015