Good turnpike

Good turnpike
Gut Schlagbaum (July 2012)
Alternative name (s):	zum Lacher Broch
Creation time :	16th Century
Castle type :	Niederungsburg
Conservation status:	Remnants (parts of the outer bailey and corner tower)
Place:	Cologne-Holweide
Geographical location	50 ° 57 '21.9 "  N , 7 ° 2' 13.8"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 57 '21.9 "  N , 7 ° 2' 13.8"  E
Height:	48  m above sea level NN

The Schlagbaum estate is a former moated castle in the Holweide district of Cologne on the right bank of the Rhine , Schlagbaumsweg 1.

location

House Schlagbaum is located in the southwest of the former municipality and today's district of Wichheim-Schweinheim or the Holweide district. The Faulbach , which used to feed the trenches of the facility with water, flows on its east side . It belongs to a whole series of moated castles or knight seats surrounded by water in the vicinity of the Strunder Bach , which the Faulbach crosses about 300 meters north of the castle. Haus Herl is 700 meters to the west , and Isenburg is 1200 meters to the north . The original name "zum Lacher Broch" came from its location and the earlier, swampy soil conditions.

history

Due to inadequate records, the history of the complex is largely in the dark. The former “free aristocratic estate called zum Lacherbroch or zum Schlagbaum” (1741) was still known as “Schiederichs Güter” before 1600.

In 1381 one of the ten jurors of the Herl court was named "Johann van Lach". In 1589 the church in Merheim was entitled to a tenth payment from the estate of the licentiate Mulert zu Mülheim and in the first half of the 16th century the "Lacher and Broicher goods" in the Fronhof Rolshoven ( Deutz ) were feeble and had to be theirs Pay taxes from the existing feudal relationship . The Fronhof in turn belonged to the Cologne Benedictine Abbey of St. Pantaleon . In 1608 a "Junker Suderman" was named as a taxpayer and in 1615 "Hermann Suderman" was enfeoffed with the estate by the Rolshoven court. "Konrad Lindworm", also mentioned by Huck as the predecessor of Suderman and Mulart, cannot be classified genealogically in the available sources. However, the owners of the estate were not only liable to their feudal lords, but also to the Duke von Berg in the first half of the 16th century at the latest , since the Merheim messenger office , which also included Schlagbaum, belonged to their office of Porz . The later name "Schlagbaum" resulted from the border location to the west within the duchy as a designation of a customs lifting point at the transition to the Electoral Cologne office of Deutz .

The Schiderich family has been living in Cologne since the 12th century and held high positions there as burgraves, lay judges and mayors. In 1397, "Elisabeth von Schiderich" († 1428), daughter of "Arnold Schiderich" and "Elisabeth Schiderich, geb. von Blitterswigh ”the“ Hermann Mylius ”, bearer of the coat of arms of Count Friedrich von Moers. Her great-great-great-granddaughter "Elisabeth Mylius" (* 1542) in turn married the above licentiate Mulart, "Hermann Mulartz sive Muller" († December 6, 1578 Monheim am Rhein , drowned in the Rhine). Her daughter "Margarethe Mulartz" then brought the estate to the aforementioned "Hermann von Suderman" through marriage. Her husband's line died out in 1639 with her son, the Augustinian monk "Hermann von Suderman".

Apparently the estate subsequently came into the possession of the Cologne family "von Deutz", who had repeatedly provided councilors, church masters and other dignitaries there since the late 16th century. Because in 1741 the unmarried "Anna Margaretha Constantia von Deutz" sold as the only remaining child of the married couple "Heinrich Christoph von Deutz" (1639–1711), war commissioner, councilor and voice master of Cologne, colonel lieutenant, assessor of the Freytags-Rentkammer and church master of the parish church St. Johann Baptist and the "Helena Constantia von Deutz, geb. Schülgen ”(1636–1712) turnpike for 2,000 thalers to her cousin“ Johannes Christoph Joseph Rensing ”(1687–1766). But this also died as a canon of the Cologne monastery of St. Maria ad Gradus without any descendants of his own.

Apparently the estate remained in private ownership, as it is not listed as a secularized property. From 1805 at the latest , Wilhelm Krein , who comes from Thurn , and his wife Christina Pohl , who was born in the neighboring Herl house, have lived in Schlagbaum House. Her son Peter Joseph Krein died as a landowner at Gut Schlagbaum on February 7, 1883. At the end of the 19th century, Schlagbaum was owned by the Cologne brick manufacturer Johann Baptist Wahlen (1850–1927), who used the estate as a summer apartment. During the Wahlen period (1890s) a ring kiln brickworks was also built opposite. In the early 1920s, Ludwig Leuffen was the owner of Schlagbaum before the city of Cologne took over ownership.

After the end of the Second World War , former Polish slave laborers initially lived in the war-damaged property, which had fallen into disrepair over time. In 1950 the city of Cologne gave the area to four artisans on a long lease, who subsequently repaired the damage and restored the buildings. As part of the reconstruction, the burned down manor house was not rebuilt. The facility, which has meanwhile passed into private ownership, is still used as a domicile for freelance artists, except for residential purposes.

As an agricultural property, turnpike can never have been of any importance given its small size (1764: 58 acres), but there is evidence that it was rented as early as the 17th century and consequently was not inhabited by the owners themselves.

description

Only part of the outer bailey with the corner tower and gate entrance from the 16th century has survived from the original castle complex. Possibly based on adjacent tubs - and today's street names that contain the name "Paradise", there is a Renaissance relief depicting Adam and Eve above the gate , surrounded by cartouche and fruit pendants . Next to it, in the same architectural style, a window with stone pillars. The former presence of a drawbridge can still be seen, but there is no trace of the moat. Due to the major structural changes after 1945, the property is not a listed building.

literature

• Johann Bendel : Homeland book of the district of Mülheim am Rhein. History and description. Sagas and stories. 2nd and 3rd ed., Self-published, Cologne-Mülheim 1925, p. 418f.
• Paul Clemen (arrangement) in connection with Edmund Renard: The art monuments of the Mülheim am Rhein district. (= The art monuments of the Rhine Province , 5., II) L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1901, p. 102.
• Jürgen Huck : The mayor's office in Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, pp. 44–157.
• Henriette Meynen (historical texts): List of monuments. 12.7 Cologne district 9 (Mülheim) Ed. Landeskonservator Rheinland, Rheinland Verlag, Cologne 1979, ISBN 3-7927-0461-7 , p. 80.
• Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume I AD. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 22), Cologne 1983, p. 582f (Deutz).
• Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume III I-Mo. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 27), Cologne 1985, p. 594f (Mylius).
• Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume IV Mu-U. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 32), Cologne 1986, p. 236 (Rensing), 402f (Schiderich), 480f (Schulgen), 650 (Suderman).
• Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): 80,000 death notes from Rhenish collections. Volume III Ko-Po. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies eV, based in Cologne, No. 42). Cologne 1988, p. 95.
• Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): Ernst von Oidtman and his genealogical-heraldic collection in the University Library in Cologne. Volume 14. Folder 1071-1150. SCHELLART from DUDELDORF-SPATGEN. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies eV, seat in Cologne, No. 93). Cologne 1997. pp. 123-128. (Schidderich).
• Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): Ernst von Oidtman and his genealogical-heraldic collection in the University Library in Cologne. Volume 15. Folder 1151-1236. SPECKHEWER-WALDBOTT VON ULMEN. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies eV, seat in Cologne, No. 94). Cologne 1998. pp. 400f (Suderman).

Web links

Commons : Gut Schlagbaum  - Collection of Images

• Gut Schlagbaum on the website of the Cologne-Holweide Association of Citizens ( Memento from May 30, 2010 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ^ Johann Bendel: Heimatbuch des Landkreis Mülheim am Rhein. History and description. Sagas and stories. 2nd and 3rd ed., Self-published, Cologne-Mülheim 1925, p. 418.
2. ↑ Jürgen Huck: The Mayor's Office Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, p. 58.
3. ↑ Jürgen Huck: The Mayor's Office Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, p. 56f.
4. ↑ Jürgen Huck: The Mayor's Office Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, p. 57f and note 126.
5. ↑ Jürgen Huck: The Mayor's Office Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, p. 89 and note 472
6. ↑ Jürgen Huck: The Mayor's Office Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, p. 58.
7. ^ Johann Bendel: Heimatbuch des Landkreis Mülheim am Rhein. History and description. Sagas and stories. 2nd and 3rd ed., Self-published, Cologne-Mülheim 1925, p. 418.
8. ↑ Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume IV Mu-U. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 27), Cologne 1985, p. 594f (Mylius).
9. ^ Herbert M. Schleicher: Ernst von Oidtman and his genealogical-heraldic collection in the University Library in Cologne. Volume 15. Folder 1151-1236. SPECKHEWER-WALDBOTT VON ULMEN. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies eV, seat in Cologne, No. 94). Cologne 1998. pp. 400f. There: “Junker Hermann Suderman married to Broich. with Juliana (sic!) Mulartz ”.
10. ↑ Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume IV Mu-U. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 32), Cologne 1986, p. 650.
11. ↑ Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume I AD. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 22), Cologne 1983, p. 480f (Schulgen), 582f (Deutz).
12. ^ Johann Bendel: Heimatbuch des Landkreis Mülheim am Rhein. History and description. Sagas and stories. 2nd and 3rd ed., Self-published, Cologne-Mülheim 1925, p. 418.
13. ↑ Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): The genealogical-heraldic collection of Canon Joh. Gabriel von der Ketten in Cologne. Volume IV Mu-U. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies, New Series No. 32), Cologne 1986, p. 236.
14. ^ Karl H. Boley: Contributions to the local history of Merheim with Brück / Rath / Thurn / Schweinheim / Strunden / Wichheim / Ostheim etc. The families before 1809 (catholic). Self-published, Cologne-Porz 1993, p. 212.
15. ↑ Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): 80,000 death notes from Rhenish collections. Volume III Ko-Po. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies eV, based in Cologne, No. 42). Cologne 1988, p. 95.
16. ^ Paul Clemen (arrangement) in connection with Edmund Renard: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreis Mülheim am Rhein. (= The art monuments of the Rhine Province, 5., II) L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1901, p. 102.
17. ^ House turnpike. In: Ludwig Dünnwald u. a. (Ed.): 75 years of Cologne-Holweide. Our home history after the dissolution of the mayor's office in Merheim. Ed. Bürgerervereinigung Köln-Holweide eV, Cologne 1988, p. 226.
18. ↑ http://www.holweide-bv.de/index.php?id=346 ( Memento from May 30, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
19. ↑ Jürgen Huck: The Mayor's Office Merheim and its predecessors through the ages. In: The mayor's office of Merheim through the ages. Ed .: Heimatverein Köln-Dellbrück eV “Ahl Kohgasser”, 2nd edition 1974, Cologne 1974, p. 107.
20. ^ Karl H. Boley: Contributions to the local history of Merheim with Brück / Rath / Thurn / Schweinheim / Strunden / Wichheim / Ostheim etc. The families before 1809 (Catholic) , self-published, Cologne-Porz 1993, p. 15.
21. ↑ s. a. Henriette Meynen (historical texts): List of monuments. 12.7 Cologne district 9 (Mülheim) Ed. Landeskonservator Rheinland, Rheinland Verlag, Cologne 1979, ISBN 3-7927-0461-7 , p. 80.