HMS Andrew (P423)
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The HMS Andrew ( ship identification P423, later S63) was a submarine of the Royal Navy , which for Amphion class belonged, also known as A-class or as Acheron is called class. The Amphion- class submarines were designed for use in the Far East , where the size of the Pacific Ocean made long range, high surface speed and relative comfort for the crew important features to allow for much larger patrol areas and longer periods at sea, when the British submarines stationed in the Atlantic or the Mediterranean needed it.
The Andrew was one of seven A-class boats that were fitted with a snorkel - these were attached until 1949. She was in on August 13, 1945 Shipyard of Vickers -Armstrong in Barrow-in-Furness , the only submarine shipyard Britain, to put Kiel , ran on 6 April 1946 by the stack and was completed on March 16, 1948 . As with all Amphion- class boats , their name begins with the letter A.
The Andrew was for a short time the oldest Amphion- class submarine still in service, the last British submarine with a deck gun , the last pre- WWII designed submarine in service, and the first Submarine that crossed the Atlantic with a snorkel (May 1953).
construction
Like all Amphion- class submarines , the Andrew had a displacement of 1,360 tons on the surface and 1,590 tons underwater. She had a total length of 89.46 m, a width of 6.81 m and a draft of 5.51 m. The submarine was powered by two Admiralty ML eight-cylinder diesel engines, each with an output of 2,150 PS (1,600 kW). It also contained four electric motors, each with an output of 625 hp (466 kW), that powered two shafts. It could bunker a maximum of 219 tons of diesel, but usually took between 159 and 165 tons.
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.5 knots (34.3 km / h) and an underwater speed of 8 knots (15 km / h). Submerged, it could travel 90 nautical miles (170 km) at 3 knots (5.6 km / h) or 16 nautical miles (30 km) at 8 knots (15 km / h). When surfaced, it was able to cover 15,200 nautical miles (28,200 km) at 10 knots (19 km / h) or 10,500 nautical miles (19,400 km) at 11 knots (20 km / h). The Andrew carried ten torpedo tubes (21 ", 53.3 cm), a 10.2 cm naval gun (QF, 4", Mk XXIII), a 2.0 cm machine gun from Oerlikon, and a British Vickers machine gun ( .303 ) equipped. The torpedo tubes were attached to the bow and stern , and there were twenty torpedoes on board. The crew consisted of sixty men.
The Andrew was one of the seven A-class boats that were fitted with a snorkel - these were retrofitted by 1949.
Mission history
In September 1950, the Andrew traveled to Canada for three months of operational training with the Royal Canadian Navy .
In February 1953 she took part in a maneuver near Bermuda with the cruiser Quebec , the destroyer Huron and the minesweeper Portage of the Canadian Navy.
Following the exercise, the Andrew crossed the Atlantic in June 1953, coming from Bermuda, as the first submarine to dive the Atlantic during the entire voyage and reached the English Channel on June 15 . During the voyage, a diesel engine was damaged and a periscope failed, but both were repaired underwater.
The submarine was re-equipped with a 4-inch deck gun in 1964, which was to be used against the junks of smugglers who violated the sea blockade during the Konfrontasi , a confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia . The last time the gun was fired was in December 1974.
On May 5, 1977, the Andrew was sold for scrapping and scrapped in Plymouth .
Popular culture
The Andrew was in the movie " On the Beach " (English original. "On the Beach" ) of Stanley Kramer of 1959 used the fictitious nuclear submarine USS Sawfish the United States Navy to represent.
literature
- Colledge, JJ; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8
Footnotes
- ^ Paul Akermann (November 1, 2002). Encyclopedia of British Submarines 1901-1955. Periscope Publishing Ltd. P. 422. ISBN 978-1-904381-05-1 .
- ^ "Acheron class". World Naval Ships, Cranston Fine Arts.
- ↑ "British Submarine loaned for Training Purposes". The Crowsnest. Vol. 2 no.11. King's Printer. September 1950. p. 3.
- ^ "East Coast Ships On Training Cruises". The Crowsnest. Vol. 5 no.5. Queen's Printer. March 1953. p. 3.
- ^ "Andrew Sets Undersea Record". The Crowsnest. Vol. 5 no.9. Queen's Printer. July 1953. p. 3.
- ^ Preston, Antony (2001). The Royal Navy Submarine Service A Centennial History. Conway Maritime Press. p. 129. ISBN 0-85177-891-7 .
- ↑ RN Subs - HMS Andrew (P423): http://rnsubs.co.uk/boats/subs/amphion-class/andrew [1]