Hans Perathoner

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Leineweberdenkmal in Bielefeld

Hans Perathoner (born November 21, 1872 in St. Peter near Laion , Austria-Hungary , † July 28, 1946 in Berlin ) was a Tyrolean sculptor and painter .

Life

Hans Perathoner was born in Val Gardena as the son of a South Tyrolean mountain farmer family . It can be assumed that his wish for an artistic career in the family area was controversial, even though Val Gardena was and is known for its wood carving businesses. Perathoner managed to train with Franz Tavella , who was then considered the best sculptor in the region .

Perathoner demonstrated his talent with a Madonna carving, for which he was awarded a gold medal in Innsbruck in 1893 . In 1897, at the age of 25, he left his home and went to the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich . In 1903, the college of professors there awarded him the highest academic honor, the large silver medal, for his artistic achievements .

Detail of the linen weaver memorial in Bielefeld
Carl Sonnenschein's grave monument , 1935, Old Cathedral Cemetery of St. Hedwig's Community , Berlin

As a now recognized artist, Perathoner moved from Catholic Munich to Protestant Bielefeld , where he taught as head of the sculpture class and teacher of nude painting at the newly founded craft and applied arts school, including students like Erich Lossie . In 1909, Perathoner created the Leineweberbrunnen in Bielefeld , which is now a symbol of the city. Leineweber Heinrich Heienbrok from Jöllenbeck was the model for the sculpture , who moved from Jöllenbeck to Bielefeld daily for three months. Other works by Perathoner in Bielefeld are the facade of the then district command of the officer corps (Turnerstrasse 49), the relief on the cemetery chapel on the Sennefriedhof and the grave of the Bielefeld sewing machine manufacturer Hugo Hengstenberg on the Johannisfriedhof. In addition, Perathoner created a bronze bust of music director Wilhelm Lamping for the Rudolf-Oetker-Halle in Bielefeld, built in 1930 .

At the trade school he met the teacher Johanna Schneider, whom he married on April 26, 1910 in Trier. The marriage resulted in two daughters.

His works, designed with expressionist echoes, especially when it came to religious motifs, met with rejection from many citizens in Bielefeld. This is probably one of the reasons why he followed the director of the Kunstgewerbeschule, Wilhelm Thiele , to the Kunstgewerbeschule Charlottenburg in 1914 , where, after the First World War, Philipp Harth , later known for his animal sculptures, and Emil Steffann were among Perathoner's students. Other students of Perathoner were Jenny Mucchi-Wiegmann (Genni Mucchi), Berthold Müller-Oerlinghausen , Friedrich Press , Willy Schirmer, Elsa Eisgruber and Edelgarde vom Berge and Herrendorff.

There in Berlin , Perathoner integrated himself into the Catholic community and made friends with the working-class priest Carl Sonnenschein . In 1921/22 Perathoner created allegories of the eight virtues in tinted plaster for the war memorial room of the Charlottenburg town hall , which are now lost. He also increasingly painted portraits. But even in Berlin, Perathoner struggled with the understanding of art, especially among Berlin churchgoers.

His four-meter-high Christ figure, carved out of an oak trunk in 1930, expressively depicts Jesus and depicts a gnome writhing in agony, was erected on August 3, 1930 in St. Martin's Church in Kaulsdorf . But after violent protests - they spoke of blasphemy - it was removed again on September 1, 1931 at the behest of Bishop Christian Schreiber . Perathoner found it difficult to cope with this disappointment and humiliation until the end of his life. His figure of Christ then hung from 1964 to 1986 in a Protestant church in Pankow and has been on display in the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord in Marzahn since Easter 2000 . At the new location, too, the figure triggers discussions among churchgoers and artists.

Hans Perathoner showed three sculptures and some photos of larger works at the exhibition 300 years of woodcarving art in Val Gardena in the summer of 1951.

Hans Perathoner died in 1946 at the age of 73 and was buried in the St. Hedwigs Friedhof in Berlin , near the grave of his friend Carl Sonnenschein, for whose grave he created a wooden cross with an expressionist bronze crucifix in 1935 .

bibliography

  • Hugo Dassner: Salome, her figure in history and art. Poetry - Fine Arts - Music . Hugo Schmidt Verlag Munich 1912, p. 365, 370, 393, 395.
  • Oscar Gehrig: Hans Perathoner on his 50th birthday on November 21, 1922 . In: Die christliche Kunst, 19th year, 1922/23, pp. 29–35, 7 illustrations, Verlag F. Bruckmann AG Munich.
  • Rudolf Moroder Rudolfine: Hans Perathoner, a sculptor in search of the truth. In: Der Schlern , Volume 70, 1996, Issue 7, p. 387. Retrieved October 25, 2019 .
  • Rudolf Moroder Rudolfine: Prof. Hans Perathoner (1872-1946) . In: Calender de Gherdeina 1997. Union di Ladins de Gherdeina. Ortisei in Val Gardena, pp. 98–113 (Ladin).
  • Erich Egg:  Perathoner Johann. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 7, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 411 f. (Direct links on p. 411 , p. 412 ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus Gaffron: The luckless sculptor. In: Strolling in Berlin. January 30, 2017, accessed on February 20, 2020 (German).
  2. ^ Künstlerhaus Berlin 2001. In: eckesieben.de. Retrieved on December 26, 2017 (with mention of the discussion event Between Annoyance and Folly - the Perathoner Kreuz , held on March 24, 2001 in the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord under the direction of the artist Dr. Christine Goetz , Berlin).

Web links

Commons : Hans Perathoner  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Perathoner, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German sculptor and painter
DATE OF BIRTH November 21, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Peter near Laion
DATE OF DEATH July 28, 1946
Place of death Berlin