Hans Rose (art historian)

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Hans Christian Karl Rose (born February 13, 1888 in Frankfurt am Main ; † May 4, 1945 in Berlin ) was a German art historian .

Life

Hans Rose grew up in Frankfurt am Main. His father, Christian Rose, originally from Mecklenburg , was a partner in a Frankfurt brewery. After graduating from high school, which he passed at Goethe-Gymnasium , Rose first completed an apprenticeship in banking. From 1910 he studied art history in Berlin, Vienna and Halle . In 1912 he moved to Munich , in order to finally do his doctorate in 1914 with Heinrich Wölfflin on "The Early Gothic in the Order of Citeaux ". In 1920 he was at Wölfflin with a thesis on the late Baroque habilitation , in 1921 he became a lecturer in the faculty of the University of Munich received. His lectures dealt mainly with the architectural history of the early modern period ; later he expanded his range and offered u. a. Events on garden art . In 1927 Rose was appointed associate professor .

In 1931 Rose received a call to the University of Jena , where he redesigned the Institute of Art History. He was also a regular lecturer at the Weimar University of Architecture . As early as 1930, his initially quite open-minded attitude towards modernity was increasingly being replaced by a significantly more conservative view. According to Fuhrmeister, however, the changes in Rose's attitude are to be seen as "tactically motivated concessions that seemed to him inevitable for the desired career as a university lecturer".

Rose was never a member of the NSDAP , but belonged to the NS-Volkswohlfahrt and the NS-Lehrerbund . Rose knew how to evade a request from the Jena Rector Wolf Meyer-Erlach to take part in the ceremony on November 8, 1935, with the transfer of the ceremonial transfer of the fallen to the Feldherrnhalle . He knew how to “navigate and come to terms with the conditions of a totalitarian dictatorship.” Nevertheless, the art historian was evidently forced to make concessions more and more. In 1933, for example, he gave a lecture on “The Essence of German Art” and in the winter semester of 1935/36 he took part in “Art of the German East”. In a report by the Jena District Personnel Office Manager, it says about Rose: “He is one of those people who are politically, i. H. are nationally reliable, but who will never become National Socialists. Rose is characteristically a restrained, in some respects somewhat opaque and at the same time over-cultivated nature; sympathetic and stimulating in conversation, but still cool and aloof. ”According to Christian Fuhrmeister , Rose was one of those art historians“ who did not emigrate, but looked for a place in the system as a matter of course, without becoming a supporter of the National Socialist ideology ”.

On November 18, 1937, Rose was arrested for "unnatural fornication". A former student with whom he was friends for a while apparently incriminated him. On August 25, 1938, the university professor was sentenced to a total of 15 months' imprisonment for "fornication between men" ( Section 175 ) by the Weimar Regional Court. This resulted in the loss of the official title, the cessation of salaries and the resignation from the civil service. In addition, his doctorate, which he had earned in 1914, was revoked in November. Rose was imprisoned in Berlin-Tegel from February 28 to May 3, 1939, taking into account his seven-month pre-trial detention, and then in Wittstock until October 28, 1939 . A petition for clemency that he had tried was unsuccessful. After his release, Rose, who after losing his civil rights, could no longer work as an art historian, moved to Berlin. There he is said to have directed a gallery run by Karl Buchholz. On November 2, 1944, Hans Rose was drafted into the Wehrmacht despite his advanced age .

Hans Rose died on May 4, 1945 at the age of 57 in his apartment. He was allegedly shot dead by Russian soldiers apparently trying to protect his domestic servants from impending rape.

Rose, a student of Wölfflin, is almost completely forgotten today despite his numerous publications that are important for art history . This is likely to be related to his stigmatization during National Socialism. The former professor at the Universities of Munich and Jena was neither dedicated to a commemorative publication nor was he given a single obituary .

Rose was a cousin of Karl von Rose and was portrayed in 1912 by the Swiss painter Fritz Pauli together with his father, the patron Franz Pauli in Döhlau.

Fonts (selection)

  • The early Gothic in the Order of Citeaux . Bruckmann, Munich 1915 (= dissertation)
    • completely under the title The architecture of the Cistercians. Bruckmann, Munich 1916
  • 1919: Diary of Mr. von Chantalou about the journey of the Cavaliere Bernini to France (German adaptation and translation by H. Rose)
  • Late baroque. Studies on the history of secular building in the years 1660–1760. Bruckmann, Munich 1922 (= habilitation thesis) ( full text )
  • Art Nouveau and Expressionism . In: Arts and Crafts. Journal of the Bavarian Arts and Crafts Association, Munich 76, 1926, pp. 132–142
  • Franz von Stuck . In: Arts and Crafts. Journal of the Bavarian Arts and Crafts Association, Munich 77, 1927, pp. 60–66
  • The new Frankfurt. In: Arts and Crafts. Journal of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Süddeutscher Kunstgewerbe-Vereine 29, No. 2, 1929
  • German War Graves Commission. In: The garden art. 43, 1930
  • 1931: The arts in the age of Ludwig II. - The reign. In: Michael Doeberl : Development History of Bavaria. Third Volume, 1931, pp. 367-396
  • Jean Baptiste Métivier , the builder of the Brown House in Munich. In: Journal of the German Association for Art Science 14, 1934, pp. 49–71
  • Romantic garden style: Prince Pückler and his master student Eduard Petzold . In: Paul Ortwin Rave : Prince Hermann Pückler-Muskau. Breslau 1935, pp. 51-63
  • Greiz Park . Questions of origin, style, maintenance and further design. In: Deutsche Kunst und Denkmalpflege 1936, pp. 282–288
  • Classical as an artistic way of thinking in the West. Beck, Munich 1937
  • The builder Hermann Wentzel 1820 to 1899. For demolishing the house at Viktoriastraße 27 . In: Journal of the Association for the History of Berlin 56, 1939, pp. 93-103

literature

  • Christian Fuhrmeister: Hans Rose. A biographical sketch. In: Pablo Schneider, Philipp Zitzlsperger: Bernini in Paris. The diary of Paul Fréart de Chantalou on Gianlorenzo Bernini's stay at the court of Ludwig XIV. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-05-004162-9 , pp. 434–448.
  • Stefanie Harrecker: Graduated doctors. The revocation of the doctorate at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich during the Nazi era . Utz, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-8316-0691-7 , pp. 347-348.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fuhrmeister, p. 439.
  2. ↑ Fuhrmeister, p. 443.
  3. ↑ Christian Fuhrmeister: The art history seminar of the University of Munich and the (German) visual arts section of the "German Academy for Scientific Care and Research into Germanness". Connections, overlaps and differences . In: Elisabeth Kraus, Ed .: The University of Munich in the Third Reich. Essays . Utz, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8316-0726-6 . (Contributions to the history of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, 4). P. 173f.
  4. ↑ More details from Fuhrmeister, p. 448.
  5. ^ Biography Fritz Pauli at the Lucerne Art Museum
personal data
SURNAME Rose, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rose, Hans Christian Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German art historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 13, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1945
Place of death Berlin