Hans Schäufelin

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Last Supper , 1515 in Ulm Minster
Kupferstichkabinett Berlin - Postage stamp of the GDR - 10 Pf - Hans Schäufelin.
The winged altar in the Tübingen collegiate church St. Georg from 1521
The bearded man's head, a work from 1511

Hans (Leonhard) Schäufelin (also Schäufelein, Hans Schäuffelein , Scheifelen, Scheuflin) (* around 1480/1485 probably in Nuremberg ; † around 1538 or 1540 in Nördlingen ) was a German painter , graphic artist, especially wood cutter and book illustrator of the Dürer period with the artist's mark a shovel. His middle name Leonhard, which is often quoted, cannot be traced in older sources.

He achieved fame above all through his numerous woodcuts, some of which he made on behalf of Emperor Maximilian I ( Theuerdank , Weißkunig ).

Life

Little is known about the first two decades of his life. From 1503 to 1507 he worked in Albrecht Dürer's workshop in Nuremberg , where he executed the large-format so-called Ober St. Veiter retable for the Nuremberg Sebastiansspital (now Vienna, Diocesan Museum). His first independent and larger work of panel painting, The Flight to Egypt , dates back to 1504 and is heavily influenced by Dürer, whose three most important students, along with Hans Baldung , known as Grien, and Hans von Kulmbach, he belonged and was his artistic successor was standing. In 1505 Schäufelin had already developed so far in his painting skills that he was commissioned to build the Passion Altar begun by Albrecht Dürer for Elector Friedrich III. (Saxony) , the wise, while Dürer began his second journey to Italy. In the same year the decided gart des rosenkrantz mariae was printed in Nuremberg , a work by Ulrich Pinder , to which Schäufelin contributed 337 woodcuts and which was praised not least for its woodcuts; For Pinder's later work Speculum passionis domini nostri Iesu Christi (1519) he created 29 woodcuts.

From 1507 to 1508 Schäufelin was in the service of Hans Holbein the Elder in Augsburg , where he found his own style that was detached from Dürer. This can be seen in his Last Supper (1515) for the minster in Ulm and in the Marian and Passion altar , which he created for the church of Auhausen Monastery, which was dissolved in 1537 .

Between 1508 and 1510 he carried out work in South Tyrol . From 1510 to 1515 it can be traced back to Augsburg.

In 1515 he became the town painter of Nördlingen , where he worked until the end of his life. In 1515 Schäufelin also became a citizen of this city. In the same year he created a large fresco for the town hall there. The so-called Ziegler Altar and the Christgartner Altar (1521 and 1525) belong to Schäufelin's late work . From 1510–1516 he also created several woodcuts for Emperor Maximilian I.

Around 1535 Schäufelin created a card game that is today considered to be one of the highlights of playing card production in the 16th century.

At the age of about 55, Schäuffelein probably died in Nördlingen between 1538 and 1540.

His son Hans also became a painter and settled in Friborg in Switzerland.

Works (selection)

Mary and Passion altar, wing: Nativity

Schäufelein's art is entirely under the influence of Dürer, but his drawing and coloring often become handcrafted, and his characteristics suffer from exaggeration. His extensive work includes over 50 altars and panel paintings, 1214 woodcuts and over 80 hand drawings, drafts for glass windows and a number of attributions.

  • The Flight into Egypt , 1504.
  • Adoration of the Magi , around 1504–1505; Wood, 51 × 37 cm. Innsbruck , Tyrolean State Museum Ferdinandeum
  • Christ's farewell from his mother , around 1506; Wood, 45 × 17 cm.
  • Portrait of a Young Man , around 1507; Wood, 41 × 32 cm. Warsaw, Muzeum Narodowe.
  • Passion scenes on the outside of the Schnatterpeck altar , 1508, Niederlana parish church
  • The Adoration of the Magi , The Flagellation of Christ (inside and outside of an altar wing part), 1508/09; Tempera and oil on softwood, 143.3 × 136 cm. Stuttgart , State Gallery .
  • Last Supper , 1511; Wood, 79 × 106 cm. Berlin, Gemäldegalerie (Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation).
  • Bearded Man , 1511; Wood, 31 × 20 cm. Kreuzlingen (Switzerland), Heinz Kisters Collection .
  • Beardless Man , 1511; Wood, 31 × 20 cm. Kreuzlingen (Switzerland), Heinz Kisters Collection.
  • Coronation of Mary (winged altar), 1513. Auhausen, parish church (former monastery church).
  • The victorious defense of the city of Bethulia against the general Holofernes (with the story of Judith and Holofernes ), 1515; Mural. Nördlingen, town hall, federal parlor.
  • Last Supper , 1515; Wood, 129 × 176 cm. Ulm, Munster.
  • Altarpiece with the Lamentation of Christ . Noerdlingen, St. George's Church .
  • Heavenly and earthly joys , around 1520. Schwerin, State Museum
  • Winged altar, 1521. Tübingen, St. Georg collegiate church
  • Assumption of Mariae , 1521. Nördlingen, town hall.
  • Christ as Man of Sorrows , 1522; Wood, 140 × 135 cm. Nördlingen, city ​​museum .
  • Adoration of the Lamb , 1538; Wood, 96 × 154 cm. Berlin, Gemäldegalerie (Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation).

He also provided many drawings for the woodcut, including 118 sheets for Theuerdank and a Passion in 35 sheets (1507).

Auctions

  • 1825 in Nuremberg : an old German knight leads a noblewoman.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. Staatsgalerie Augsburg, Municipal Art Collection, Volume 1, Old German Paintings. Catalog, ed. from the Bavarian State Painting Collections Munich, Munich 1988, 3rd edition, p. 98
  2. Staatsgalerie Augsburg, Municipal Art Collection, Volume 1, Old German Paintings. Catalog, ed. from the Bavarian State Painting Collections Munich, Munich 1988, 3rd edition, pp. 97–98
  3. http://trionfi.com/0/j/d/schaeuf/
  4. Metzger p. 529
  5. ^ Ina Conzen: Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, the collection: Masterpieces from the 14th to the 21st century , Hirmer, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7774-7065-8 .
  6. LIST OF THE v. DERSCHAUISCHE Kunstkabinett zu NÜRNBERG .... Nuremberg, at the obliged auctioner Schmidmer, 1825, 250 p., Directory of rare art collections, 1825, Google Books, online , p. 67 (22)

Web links

Commons : Hans Schäufelein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files