Hans Walter Gruhle

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Hans Walter Gruhle (born November 7, 1880 in Lübben , † October 3, 1958 in Bonn ) was a German psychiatrist .

Life

Gruhle studied medicine in Leipzig , where he began psychological studies with Wilhelm Wundt , Würzburg and Munich . Here he was approved in 1904 and began ergographic examinations for his dissertation with Emil Kraepelin , which, however, after a number of disputes with him, he was only able to complete his doctorate from Heidelberg in January 1907 , since Gruhle transferred to the University's Psychiatric Clinic on May 5, 1905 Heidelberg had switched to Franz Nissl .

At Nissl in 1913 he was not only able to do his habilitation . According to Karl Jaspers ' autobiography, Gruhle became, alongside Nissl's senior physician and later successor to Karl Wilmann , one of the “authoritative” doctors of the already widely respected clinic, “ who kept everything in motion through his criticism, versatility and spontaneity ”. This assessment was admittedly not shared by all: in a letter to Jaspers, their long-standing colleague Arthur Kronfeld declared Gruhle's role, which was why he himself left the clinic, as a fruitless “royal royalty” .

In 1921 Gruhle was involved as co-editor of Psychological Research in founding what is probably the most influential psychological journal of the time in the German-speaking area and beyond - together with the gestalt psychologists Max Wertheimer , Wolfgang Köhler and Kurt Koffka , who were in charge of this project , and the holistic neurologist Kurt Goldstein .

Despite his recognized professional competence, Gruhle did not receive an appointment until 1933. The Nazification and the University of Heidelberg, who was one of the first his boss Karl Wilmanns fell victim to more Gruhle 1934 by taking over the management of the Württembergische sanatorium Zwiefalten and had himself transferred from there in 1939 in the military service because he at the The euphemistically so-called euthanasia program of the National Socialists for the systematic murder of the mentally ill did not want to be involved, but took over the management of the Weissenau asylum in 1940 . From there he was appointed full professor of the Psychiatric University Clinic of Bonn University in 1946 at the age of 65 , which he headed until his retirement at the age of 72; after the early death of his successor Kurt Pohlisch in 1955, however, he had to manage it again temporarily for a year before Hans Jörg Weitbrecht became his successor.

Selection from the publications

Besides the works shown by the DDB (see below), it is worth mentioning:

  • 1912 The causes of adolescent neglect and crime. Studies on the question: environment or facility. Springer, Berlin (Treatises from the entire field of criminal psychology. Volume 1)
  • 1913 The meaning of the symptom in psychiatry In: Zeitschr. total Neurol. Psychiatry. Volume 16, pp. 465–486 (elaboration of the inaugural or trial lecture of March 3, 1913 ) . again in * 1953 pp. 150–170 except for some parts devoted to the discussion of psychoanalysis that were excluded from reprint, including above all Gruhle's defense of the psychoanalysis criticism of his colleague Arthur Kronfeld at the time , to which he himself had contributed to Eugen Bleuler on p 480 of the original publication.
  • 1915 self-portrayal and empathy. In: Zeitschr. total Neurol. Psychiatry. Volume 28, pp. 148-231; again in: * 1953, pp. 110-130
  • 1922a The Psychology of the Abnormal. In: Gustav Kafka (Ed.): Handbook of Comparative Psychology. Volume III / Department 1. Ernst Reinhardt, Munich Digitized Internet Archive ; Digitized Internet Archive
  • 1922b The Psychology of Schizophrenia. In: Zeitschr. total Neurol. Psychiatry. Volume 78, pp. 454-471
  • 1929 Kraepelin's importance for psychology. In: Arch. Psych. Nervenheilk. Volume 87, pp. 43-49
  • 1930 The psychological analysis of a clinical picture (schizophrenia). In: Zeitschr. total Neurol. Psychiatry. Volume 123, pp. 479-484
  • 1937 Grundriss der Psychiatrie = 11th edition of Julius Raeckes textbook Psychiatrische Diagnostik . Springer, Berlin 1937 Digitization of the Elbing Digital Library
  • 1948 Understanding psychology (experiential theory). A textbook. 2nd edition 1956, Georg Thieme, Stuttgart Digitized Internet Archive
  • 1953 historiography and psychology. Bouvier, Bonn
  • 1953 Sanity of psychopaths. In: Understanding and empathizing. Collected Writings. 1953, pp. 415-433
  • 1955 Expertise technique. Springer, Heidelberg

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Gruhle, Hans Walter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gruhle, Hans W.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH November 7, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Luebben
DATE OF DEATH 3rd October 1958
Place of death Bonn