Friedrich Pützer

Friedrich Pützer, 1905

Friedrich Pützer (born July 25, 1871 in Aachen , † January 31, 1922 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German architect , city ​​planner , Protestant church builder, monument conservator and influential university professor .

Life

Friedrich Pützer was born in July 1871 as the son of the director of the municipal trade school, government councilor Johann Mathias Joseph Pützer , and his wife Elisabeth Pützer, nee. Zander born in Aachen. He graduated from secondary school in 1889 and then studied at the Technical University of Aachen with Karl Henrici , a supporter of the new urban planning teaching of Camillo Sitte . He completed his studies in 1894. From 1894 to 1896 he was a scientific assistant teacher at the secondary school in Aachen. In 1897 he came - presumably at the instigation of Georg Wickop - to Darmstadt, where he first worked as an assistant to Karl Hofmann , Erwin Marx and Georg Wickop at the Technical University of Darmstadt . In 1898 he completed his habilitation and in 1900 became an associate professor . In 1902 he was appointed full professor for urban planning, church building, perspective and impromptu design at the Technical University of Darmstadt . Pützer is considered to be the founder of the Darmstadt urban planning chair. In the same year he took over the office of monument preservation for the Hessian province of Starkenburg . In 1908 he was appointed church architect of the Evangelical Church in Hesse . His tasks included the appraisal and correction of new building plans for Protestant churches in the area of ​​the regional church. His assistant was Josef Rings .

In 1914, Pützer succeeded Georg Wickop as construction advisor at the Technical University of Darmstadt and designed a Protestant church with a baptismal font and sacristy at the Cologne Werkbund exhibition . The beginning of the First World War prevented any major construction activity at the university; in the academic year 1918/1919 he was rector .

Services

Pützer Tower on Hochschulstrasse, Darmstadt

Pützer designed numerous new or reconstructed churches in the Rhine-Main area . His work in Darmstadt was particularly influential , where he left many traces, for example parts of the headquarters of Merck KGaA on Frankfurter Straße, the Pützerturm in Hochschulstraße or the development plan for the Paulusviertel villa area in Darmstadt-Bessungen . In 1900 he received the order from the City of Darmstadt to draw up a development plan for the area between Herdweg, Nieder Ramstädter Straße, Schießhausstraße and Martinstraße ( Herdweg district ). Pützer's planning was based on the principles of artistic urban planning, which goes back to the architect, urban planner and visual artist Camillo Sitte . Sitte wrote a 'bestseller' in 1889 with the book “Urban development according to its artistic principles”, which influenced a whole generation of planners. The Paulusviertel , with the Paulusplatz and the Protestant Pauluskirche (1907), which Pützer also designed, is one of the most important existing structures of artistic urban development in Germany.

The first high-rise in Germany, Building 15 of Carl Zeiss AG in Jena , built between 1915 and 1916 , was also built according to his plans. With 11 storeys, it is 43 meters high.

Some of Pützer's works have Art Nouveau elements , such as Darmstadt Central Station . Pützer was moderately reform-minded, actually cultivated the traditionalist style of the time after the turn of the century and was influenced by Expressionism . The opposition of Pützer and his fellow professors at the Technical University, who are also dedicated to traditional building, meant that the architects of the Darmstadt artists' colony had little influence on the overall image of the city.

Pützer's housing estate, designed in 1905 on the site of the chemical company Merck, was groundbreaking for the history of workers' housing construction, but only around a fifth of it was realized and demolished in the 1970s.

He did not accept various calls to the Technical University of Hanover , the Technical University of Charlottenburg and confidential inquiries from the Technical University of Munich . Friedrich Pützer taught at the Technical University of Darmstadt until his death; he died in 1922 at the age of 50 after a year and a half illness. Karl Roth followed him on the urban planning chair .

Pützer was born with Elisabeth Selck married. The marriage resulted in two sons. The grave of Pützer, his wife and his sons is in the Waldfriedhof Darmstadt (grave site: L 8a 51). The tomb was designed by the sculptor Augusto Varnesi , professor of decorative sculpture at the architecture department of Darmstadt University.

Honors

Friedrich Pützer received the Prussian State Medal (1900), the Prussian Red Eagle Order 4th Class (1905), the Hessian Knight's Cross 1st Class Philip the Magnanimous (1905), the corresponding crown (1908), the Prussian Crown Order 3rd Class (1912) , the appointment as a secret building officer (1913) and an honorary doctorate from the Technical University of Aachen (as Dr.-Ing. E. h.).

A street in the Praunheim district of Frankfurt and a street in Darmstadt are named after Pützer .

reception

Friedrich Pützer published very little; therefore it was almost forgotten by the late 1970s. The reception of this important urban planning teacher is based on the descriptions of his completed projects that have since been published and the reports about him, in particular from his future successor Max Guther . On the occasion of the renovation of the extension building for electrical engineering (with the Pützer tower) opened in 1904 in Hochschulstraße, the Technical University of Darmstadt held a comprehensive exhibition on his life and work in 2015; it was taken over by the Landesmuseum Mainz in 2016 . Friedrich Pützer's estate is in the Darmstadt City Archives .

plant

buildings

Merck KGaA's “Pützerturm” in Darmstadt

Evangelical Paulus Church in Darmstadt-Bessungen

Building 15 in Jena, Germany's oldest high-rise

• Aachen
  Burghaus Classen , (1899–1900)
  town house at Katschhof (1900–1903)
• Affolterbach (Odenwald)
  Evangelical Reformed Gustav Adolf Church (1907)
• Bechtheim
  Protestant Church
• Budenheim
  Protestant Church (1913)
• Darmstadt
  • Becker / Bornscheuer double dwelling (1901)
  • House Müller (1901, destroyed 1944)
  • Villa Prinz Isenburg (Haus im Loss) (1903, burned down in 1944)
  • House Herta / Ramspeck (1903, destroyed 1944)
  • Leydhecker House (1904)
  • Expansion of the electrical engineering faculty at the Technical University (1904)
  • Lecture hall building with observatory for the Physics Institute of the Technical University (1904; mostly destroyed in September 1944; various parts of the clock tower building such as the staircase and the lecture hall were overhauled and modernized in 2015 ).
  • Workers' housing estate of the chemical company Merck (1905, demolished)
  • Mühlberger House (1905)
  • Pützerturm , official residence and today's landmark of Merck KGaA (1905)
  • Representative buildings, laboratories and administration buildings of the Merck company (1905; mostly destroyed in World War II)
  • Fountain of the Bismarck Monument together with Ludwig Habich (1906)
  • Darmstadt main station (competition design 1907, execution 1908–1912)
  • Reconstruction of the Protestant Petruskirche (1910)
  • House of the Pützer family with garden house and fountain by Heinrich Jobst , Alexandraweg 8 (1910)
  • Administration building of the Prussian-Hessian State Railway (after 1912)
  • Bessungen district
    Development plan for the Paulusviertel (from 1900)
    Protestant Pauluskirche (1907)
  • Eberstadt district
    conversion of the Evangelical Trinity Church (1913)
• Düsseldorf-Benrath
  Protestant Church of Thanksgiving (1915)
• Eimsheim
  Evangelical Church (1906)
• Frankfurt am Main
  Evangelical St. Matthew Church (1905)
• Hanau
  District Office, Heinrich-Bott-Straße (formerly Marienstraße) (1902/1903)
• Jena
  high-rise factory of Carl Zeiss AG (so-called Building 15 ) (1916)
• Mainz
  Reconstruction of St. Johannis Church (1906; in collaboration with the sculptor Ludwig Habich )
  Concept for the southern expansion of Mainz (1908)
• Neckarsteinach
  Catholic Parish Church (1908)
• Offenbach am Main
  • Protestant Peace Church (1911–1912)
  • Evangelical Luther Church (1914)
• Pfaffen-Schwabenheim
  Protestant Gustav Adolf Church (1908)
• Wiesbaden
  Evangelical Luther Church (1910)
• Worms
  Evangelical Luther Church (1912)

Drafts not executed

• Darmstadt
  competition design for an indoor swimming pool (1905)
• Frankfurt am Main
  Competition design for the Westend Synagogue (1906), awarded 3rd prize
• Oberhausen
  competition design for the town hall (1913; only the savings bank building opposite the town hall, which was part of Pützer's overall concept, was implemented. This concept was then adopted around 1927 for a new town hall design by the city building authority.)

Speeches / writings

• Speech at a memorial service for the students and lecturers of the Technical University of Darmstadt who died in the First World War in the Pauluskirche on April 8, 1919

literature

• Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Hesse, city of Darmstadt. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1994, ISBN 3-528-06249-5 .
• Claudia Dutzi: second-hand home. The Merck workers' estate in Darmstadt and its architect Friedrich Pützer. Darmstadt 1990, ISBN 3-88443-168-4 .
• Gerlinde Gehrig: Friedrich Pützer and reform church building in Darmstadt . In: Archive for Hessian History and Archeology. New series , Vol. 73, 2015, pp. 349-380.
• Gerlinde Gehrig: Friedrich Pützer and the Paulusviertel in Darmstadt . Sources and research on Hessian history 169 . Darmstadt 2014, ISBN 978-3-88443-324-9 .
• Max Guther: Friedrich Pützer. Architect - urban planner - university professor. In: Yearbook of the Technical University of Darmstadt 1978/79 , pp. 7–28.
• Max Guther : On the history of urban planning at German universities. In: Heinz Wetzel and the history of urban planning at German universities. Stuttgart 1982.
• Regina Stephan (Ed.): "Poetry into the environment". Buildings and projects by the architect, town planner and university professor Friedrich Pützer (1871-1922). Spurbuchverlag, Baunach 2015, ISBN 978-3-88778-447-8 .

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Pützer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.landesmuseum-mainz.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Downloads/Flyer/201603_6-seiter_puetzer_ausst_web.pdf .
2. ↑ StadtA DA inventory 45/82 - Arcinsys detail page. Retrieved July 6, 2018 . 
3. ↑ Illustration of a historical postcard of the Aachen town hall  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Execution by city architect Joseph Laurent  
4. ↑ evang.-ref. Affolterbach Church at www.denkmalpflege-hessen.de , last accessed on July 22, 2012.
5. ↑ Old lecture hall with modern technology in FAZ from November 20, 2015, page 43.
6. ↑ www.paulusgemeinde-darmstadt.de www.paulusgemeinde-darmstadt.de
7. ↑ Werner Kurz: Erected on the grounds of the Störgerchen gymnasium. From a magnificent Wilhelmine building to an old people's home. With the renovation of the district office, the last sign of the district of Hanau disappears. In: Hanauer Anzeiger of October 18, 2008, p. 33.
8. ^ Franz Dumont (Ed.), Ferdinand Scherf , Friedrich Schütz : Mainz. The history of the city. 2nd edition, Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2000-0 , p. 463.
9. ↑ Neckarsteinach parish church at www.odenwald.de ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
10. ↑ http://www.luthergemeinde-of.de/
11. ↑ Deutsche Bauzeitung , 40th year 1906, No. 79, p. 538 (communication of the competition results).