Hansjoachim von Rohr

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Hansjoachim von Rohr (1933)

Hansjoachim von Rohr (born October 1, 1888 in Demmin , Pomerania Province , † November 10, 1971 in Bad Godesberg ) was a German manor owner and politician (DNVP).

Live and act

youth

Hansjoachim von Rohr ("Achi Rohr") was born as the son of the Pomeranian landowner Hans von Rohr . He spent his childhood on his family's estate, Haus Demmin in Vorwerk . After graduating from high school, Rohr-Demmin studied law and economics in Heidelberg , Berlin and Greifswald . Since the winter semester 1907/08 he was a member of the Corps Saxo-Borussia Heidelberg .

Before 1914, v. Rohr worked as a trainee lawyer at the Demmin District Court and at the Merseburg district government. He then took part in the First World War until 1918 , only to take over the management of the family estates after his return from 1919.

Weimar Republic

Politically, v. Rohr-Demmin to work in the German National People's Party (DNVP) during the Weimar period . From 1924 to 1932 he was a member of the Prussian state parliament . He also served as chairman of the Pomeranian Land Association from 1925 to 1933 . There he put through the appointment of three equal members (one farmer, one large landowner and one farm worker) on the board in line with the professional concept he represented.

The attempts of the NSDAP, which had been gaining strength in Pomerania since the end of the 1920s, to penetrate into leadership positions in the Landbund, he understood "extremely skillfully ... to fend off", which is why the NSDAP was considered the "main enemy of the National Socialists in Pomerania". Karl Dietrich Bracher claimed in his work The Dissolution of the Weimar Republic , v. In May 1932, Rohr, together with other East Prussian landowners, went to Reich President v. Hindenburg intervened against Chancellor Brüning in Neudeck and thereby "contributed significantly to his overthrow." In making this statement, Bracher relied on a memo from Hindenburg's State Secretary Meissner, who, however, had not even been in Neudeck at the time. As Vorpommer, Rohr was neither one of Hindenburg's "East Prussian neighbors", nor was he ever in Neudeck. Bracher did not maintain his statement in later publications; Also in Meissner's memory book January 30, 1933 - Hitler's seizure of power, there is no such reference.

time of the nationalsocialism

After the formation of the Hitler government , a coalition government made up of the NSDAP and DNVP, in January 1933, the newly appointed Minister of Economics and Agriculture, Alfred Hugenberg v. Rohr as State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of Food . The phase referred to in the official history of the ministry as the "Conservative Interlude Hugenberg - von Rohr" began. After just a few weeks, v. Rohr in violent conflicts with the Reich Chancellor. When Hitler asked him to receive the leading agricultural politicians of the NSDAP and to negotiate with them about his policy, v. Pipe this off by pointing out that he does not conduct such negotiations with party representatives on principle. Thereupon Hitler announced in the following cabinet meeting, possibly with Reich President v. To demand Rohr's dismissal (files of the Reich Chancellery, The Hitler Government 1933–1935; Boppard 1983 ff .; pp. 160, 161). A radio speech planned for May 1933 by v. Rohrs was prevented by Goebbels on the grounds that the "gap" between the view of v. Rohrs and the opinion of the Chancellor would have become evident. The conflicts increased when, after Hugenberg's resignation, the Nazi peasant leader Richard Walter Darré became a minister. After v. Rohr had criticized the agricultural policy positions of his minister and the NSDAP in a public speech, he was dismissed in September 1933.

In January 1934, v. Rohr criticized the government's Reichserbhofgesetz in a memorandum addressed to Hitler . On the day of the so-called Röhm Putsch (June 30, 1934), an SS commando appeared on his estate to arrest him. Court employees were able to distract the SS for a few minutes, so that v. Rohr escaped arrest.

In the spring of 1938 an article by him appeared in the “ Weisse Blätter ”.

In 1942 Rohr, who had organized a Christian funeral for two Soviet prisoners of war who had died on his farm, was sentenced to imprisonment for “ forbidden contact with prisoners of war ”, but was released after the verdict was overturned by the Imperial Court. This revision decision was made by the 2nd Criminal Senate of the Reichsgericht, contrary to Hitler's express instructions sent to it by the Reich Minister of Justice, the verdict against v. To make Rohr immediately enforceable. Rohr is an "enemy of the state", men of his type are more dangerous than communists. After the assassination attempt on July 20, 1944 , Rohr-Demmin was arrested again and remained in prison until the end of the war.

post war period

After the Second World War and the expropriation of his property, v. Rohr went to West Germany , where he was committed to the German Conservative Party - German Right Party . There he belonged to the group around party chairman Hermann Klingspor , which did not take part in the founding of the German Reich Party, but rather formed the more Christian-conservative national right . It cooperated with the FDP in North Rhine-Westphalia . As part of the electoral alliance of the NR and the FDP, he moved in 1950 for a legislative period in the North Rhine-Westphalian state parliament . In 1969 he founded the monthly magazine Konservativ heute , which offered publicists such as Pascual Jordan , Armin Mohler , Sebastian Haffner , Hans Maier , Carl Zuckmayer , Otto von Habsburg and himself a platform to spread conservative ideas.

The focus of the work v. Rohrs formed the agricultural policy after the war. In his magazine “Voices for Agricultural Economics”, which appeared from 1947 until his death in 1971, he advocated an early end to compulsory farming in the agricultural sector - in sharp contrast to Andreas Hermes and Hans Schlange-Schöningen. As the intellectual head of the "agrarian political opposition" within the farmers' association, he advocated a pricing policy that enabled the well-run family farm to survive. Because he saw this concern in the French government better than the German, he advocated, unlike many farmers, an early Europeanization of agricultural policy.

Together with Thomas Dehler , Karl Georg Pfleiderer , Herbert Wehner and others, he urged the Federal Government under Konrad Adenauer from 1952 to negotiate with the Soviet Union on the basis of the Stalin Note of March 1952 about the possibility of a reunification of Germany within the framework of military neutrality. This attempt failed in 1955 when the Federal Republic joined NATO.

In two legal disputes brought by his son Hans Christoph to the Federal Administrative Court , it was or is about whether v. Rohr is accused of “promoting National Socialism” (affirmed by the Federal Administrative Court in 1963) because of his government activities from February to September 1933, or whether he “considerably promoted the National Socialist system”. A decision of the Greifswald Administrative Court, which affirmed such a feed bar, was overturned on September 29, 2010 by the Federal Administrative Court.

Works

  • Hansjoachim von Rohr: The agrarian political opposition 1947–1971 as reflected in the "Voices for Agriculture", presented by Artur Schürmann . Agricultural Association, Bussau 1978

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Hans Joachim von Rohr (son): House Demmin in Vorpommern , in: Bruno J. Sobotka: Burgen, Schlösser, Guthäuser in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Theiss, Stuttgart 1993.
  2. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 66 , 1201
  3. ^ Andreas Müller: If the farmer falls, the state falls - German National Agricultural Policy 1928-1933 , Munich 2003.
  4. ↑ Nazi country post from January 29, 1933
  5. ↑ Files of the Reich Chancellery, The Hitler Government 1933–1935; Boppard 1983 ff .; P. 604f.
  6. ↑ Files of the Reich Chancellery, The Hitler Government 1933–1935; Boppard 1983 ff .; P. 726f.
  7. ↑ State Secretary a. D. v. Rohr-Demmin: Thoughts of a Christian , in Weiße Blätter, January or February 1938.
  8. ^ Hubert Schorn: The judge in the Third Reich , Frankfurt 1959, p. 442ff.
  9. ^ Artur Schürmann, Die Agrarpolitische Opposition 1947-1971 , Bussau 1978
  10. ↑ Thomas Volgmann: State Secretary equals Nazi perpetrator? in the Schweriner Volkszeitung on October 6, 2010 ( online ).
  11. ↑ Press release of the Federal Administrative Court of September 29, 2010 on case 5 C 16.09  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bverwg.de  

literature

  • Friedrich Grundmann: Agricultural Policy in the 'Third Reich'. Claim and reality of the Reichserbhofgesetz . Hamburg 1979. (Dissertation)
  • Andreas Müller: If the farmer falls, the state falls - German National Agricultural Policy 1928–1933 . Munich 2003.
  • Munzinger International Biographical Archive 6/1968 of January 29, 1968
  • Hans Christoph von Rohr : A conservative fighter. The Nazi opponent and agricultural politician Hansjoachim von Rohr . Hohenheim Verlag, Stuttgart and Leipzig 2010, ISBN 3-898-50206-6 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Rohr, Hansjoachim von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German manor owner and politician (DNVP), MdL
DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Demmin , Pomerania Province
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1971
Place of death bad Godesberg