Dönhoff house

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House Dönhoff (also referred to as home Dönhof or house Dönnhof ) was from the late Middle Ages , a seat of the Westphalian noble family Dönhoff and a " Wasserburg " at the Ruhr in Wengern that a quarter of today Wetter (Ruhr) is in North Rhine-Westphalia.

The decaying buildings were demolished in the middle of the 19th century. Subsequently, an elongated half-timbered house was built on the property , which has been registered as architectural monument no. 75 in the monument list of Wetter since 1985 and is also known locally as "Haus Dönhoff" after the previously existing aristocratic residence there. The house, which is located on Amselweg today, is easy to see from a footpath and cycle path running south along the property, a section of the Ruhr Valley cycle path .

location

Hs. Dönhof in the first recording from 1840

A Dunhouen house is drawn north of Wengern on a map of the county of Mark from 1681 by the French cartographer Nicolas Sanson . Until the 19th century, the name appeared in various spellings in several old maps. The Prussian first recording from 1840 shows the Dönhof building northeast of the village center of Wengern as a generous U-shaped building ensemble ; a moat system typical of a moated castle cannot be seen there. It is located in the area of ​​the Elbe estuary in the Ruhr and opposite the Gut Obergedern estate (a little further north) and Haus Mallinckrodt (a little further south) on the other side of the river . In the Prussian New Admission and in later maps there is no longer any entry of the house by name.

In the area , the exact position of the original house Dönhoff - main and neighboring building with wings and water conditioning grave - only about reconstructing. Whether it was a real moated castle (in the sense of a fortification with surrounding moats ) or a manor house with accompanying drainage ditches to lower the groundwater (because of the location in the floodplain area ) can no longer be clearly determined. The area of ​​the earlier buildings must have been significantly larger than today's half-timbered building.

history

The Dönhoff house was first mentioned in 1303. It was owned by a Herbord de Dünehove . Possession had to Dönhoff 1420 to feud take. One branch of the family lived there until the 16th century, while other branches had settled in Livonia .

In the 16th century ownership passed to the lords of Schüren zu Horst ( Essen-Horst ) and later to the von Ossenbrink family (Ossenbroich, Ossenbrock). In 1661 the property was confirmed as the "Knight's Seat of Johann von und zu Ossenbroich and Dönhof".

In 1722 a Baron von Romberg bought the house. This then left the poorly profitable property to the estate manager Wilhelm Buschmann.

The half-timbered house built in the middle of the 19th century

In 1841 Heinrich Lind (1796–1872), Mayor of Wengern, bought the property. He had the partly dilapidated buildings demolished and a new half-timbered house built in the area of ​​their foundations. After his death, the owners changed several times.

At the end of the 19th century, after the construction of the half-timbered house, the route of the Ruhr Valley Railway was built over the then larger plot of land , which sealed off the remaining property from the Ruhr; the Bf. Wengern East was about 400 meters built south. A long dam was built for the railway here on the edge of the Ruhraue . It only runs around 30 m past the half-timbered house; the Ruhr pastures on the other side of the railway embankment already belong to the Witten city area and are located in the Ruhraue Witten-Gedern nature reserve . It can be assumed that some remains of the foundations and trenches of the old system were destroyed and buried during the construction of the railway .

In the 20th century, further building activities shaped the relief in the area of ​​the former Dönhoff estate. Today the renovated half-timbered house is used as a residential building. It has been a listed building since 1985 . It is also called "Haus Lind" after its builder.

Artist's impression

Painting House Dönhoff in Wengern with House Mallinckrodt by Erich Nikutowski

There are two oil paintings by Erich Nikutowski (1872–1921), an artist from the Düsseldorf School of Painting, in the council chamber of the Wetter town hall . One of the two pictures is titled "Dönhoff House in Wengern with Mallinckrodt House" and shows a single, courtyard-like building complex on the Ruhr opposite House Mallinckrodt in front of an autumn forest.

The buildings on the Ruhr, shown in the foreground on the Impressionist painting, show quite a few similarities with the half-timbered building from the 19th century that still exists today, although it is not immediately recognizable. The buildings of Haus Mallinckrodt in the background are easy to identify; Similar views can already be found on older pictures by other artists, which may have served as models. The chosen perspective of the picture, the positional relationship of the two properties to one another, however, does not correspond to the circumstances and the real terrain situation. Assuming that Mallinckrodt's depiction is correct, Dönhoff's house would have been almost a kilometer away from the actual location on the Elbsche, namely southeast of Wengern, roughly in the area of ​​today's Auf der Bleiche industrial estate . Conversely, if the representation of Dönhoff House were correct, only forest or Gut Obergedern should be seen in the background, but not House Mallinckrodt.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Lisa Thiel, Klaus Becker, Hartmut Czeh: Monuments in Wetter (Ruhr) tell stories - Issue 1. Heimatverein Wetter (ed.), Pro literatur Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-86611- 295-5 . P. 8
  2. ^ Prussian first recording (1: 25,000), sheet 4510 "Witten", 1840.
  3. ↑ a b Keyword "Dönhof" . In: General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts , Vol. 27, Leipzig, 1836, pp. 51-55 ( scan from the University of Göttingen)
  4. ↑ Cf. Jörgen Beckmann: The noble family from Dönhof zu Heven and Wengern (family tree).
  5. ↑ No individual proof
  6. ↑ a b cf. GenWiki : Haus Dönhoff.
  7. ↑ In the town hall and in publications of the city of Wetter, the author of the picture is only given without a first name and misspelled with Niekulowski or Nikulowski . - See Dietrich Thier (ed.): 100 years of beautiful weather - published on the occasion of the 100th city charter, the 100th anniversary of the town hall and the 125th anniversary of the Harkort tower in Wetter (Ruhr). Small writings on the history of the city of Wetter (Ruhr), Issue 16. Stadtarchiv, Wetter (Ruhr), 2009. ISBN 3-935047-08-8 . Ill. Of the painting on p. 99 and text on p. 101/102

Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 10.6 ″  N , 7 ° 20 ′ 47 ″  E