Hechtia is the only genus of plants of the subfamily Hechtioideae withinthe bromeliad family (Bromeliaceae). Previously they were classified in the subfamily Pitcairnioideae . The approximately 60 species are distributed from southern Texas to northern Nicaragua. The 60 to 74 species are mainly distributed in Mexico , which is also considered the development center of this genus.
The determination of the species is difficult because there is often a sexual dimorphism , but in the herbaria there are often only specimens of one sex and sometimes only fruiting heads, for example.
The coarse leaves stand together in basal rosettes . The leaf margins are usually heavily reinforced. Hechtia tillandsioides differs from this, it has soft, unreinforced leaves. At least the underside of the leaf is scaly.
Inflorescences, flowers, fruits and seeds
All recent Hechtia species are dioecious, separate sexes ( diocesan ), so there are female and male plants. The only polygamomonoecan species, Hechtia gayorum, is considered extinct. They have a long, well-branched inflorescence . The inflorescences are terminal and then the mother plant dies after the seed formation, or sometimes they are apparently lateral and the specimen continues to grow next to the inflorescence and later continues to form inflorescences. This led some authors to the opinion that there are monocarpic and polycarpic rosettes, but that does not mean that these species are monocarp or polycarp , because the specimens always live on through their side shoots (Kindel).
The short-stalked, functionally unisexual flowers are threefold. The three petals are white, green, yellow or rarely pink. The ovary is superordinate or semi-superordinate.
The genus Hechtia was set up on December 19, 1835 by Johann Friedrich Klotzsch in Allgemeine Gartenzeitung , Volume 3, p. 401. The type species is Hechtia stenopetala Klotzsch . The generic name Hechtia honors the Prussian government councilor Gottfried Konrad Hecht (1771–1837). Klotzsch writes: “ May the name preserve the memory of the secret government councilor Mr. Julius Hecht, knight of the red eagle order, third class, member of several learned societies etc. in Potsdam, to whom she is named. ".
Hechtia aquamarina I. Ramírez & C.Jiménez (Syn .: Hechtia pueblensis I.Ramírez & C.Jiménez ): It was first described in 2012. It thrives terrestrially in xerophytic bushland at altitudes of 940 to 1210 meters only in the Mexican state of Puebla .
Hechtia argentea (BSWilliams) Baker (Syn .: Hechtia argentea K.Koch ): It occurs in Mexico.
Hechtia bracteata Mez (Syn .: Hechtia confusa L.B.Sm. ): It thrives on rocks on dry, exposed slopes with low Durnbusch vegetation at altitudes of 1830 to 2440 meters in the Mexican states of Vera Cruz and Puebla.
Hechtia caerulea (Matuda) LBSm. (Syn .: Hechtia integerrima M.B.Foster ): The leaves are not reinforced. It thrives in moist, chalky fissures at altitudes of around 1200 meters in the Mexican states of México , San Luis Potosí and Guerrero .
Hechtia capituligera Mez : It thrives on sandy soils at altitudes of 1800 to 2400 meters only in the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí.
Hechtia carlsoniae Burt-Utley & J.Utley : It thrives on dry hills with thorn bush vegetation at altitudes of around 1000 meters only in the Mexican state of Guerrero.
Hechtia caudata L.B.Sm. : It thrives on rocks at altitudes of about 300 meters only in the Mexican state of Oaxaca .
Hechtia caulescens López-Ferr., Espejo & Mart.-Correa : It was first described from Mexico in 2009. It thrives terrestrially and on rocks in dry shrub vegetation and tropical deciduous forests on rubble fans, slopes and in valleys at altitudes of 1200 to 1600 meters in the Mexican states of Morelos , Puebla and Oaxaca.
Hechtia chichinautzensis Mart.-Correa, Espejo & López-Ferr. : It was first described in 2010 from the Mexican state of Morelos. This endemic thrives in full sun in crevices of the basalt rocks of the Chichinautzin volcano at altitudes of 2000 to 2480 meters in xerophilic shrub vegetation.
Hechtia colossa Mart.-Correa, Espejo & López-Ferr. : It was first described from Mexico in 2010. It thrives terrestrially in tropical deciduous forests at altitudes of 1400 to 1900 meters in the Mexican states of Oaxaca and Puebla.
Hechtia complanata Burt-Utley : It was first described in 2012 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It was found at an altitude of about 1100 meters on a clear cut on a hill with low deciduous forest and thorn bush vegetation.
Hechtia conzattiana L.B.Sm. : It only thrives at altitudes of around 1300 meters in the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia edulis I. Ramírez, Espejo & López-Ferr. : It was first described in 2011 and only found at three locations, all of which are in the Copper Canyon National Park, in Barranca de Batopilas and Barranca de Candameña in the southwestern area of the Mexican state of Chihuahua in the Sierra Madre Occidental . The area is still insufficiently explored and so it may be that there are even more sites. It thrives individually up to four on exposed, vertical rock walls in deciduous forests or oak-pine forests at altitudes of 695 to 1570 meters.
Hechtia flexilifolia I. Ramírez & Carnevali : It was first described in 2014 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca. This endemic thrives lithophytically on steep to vertical rock walls that are surrounded by a moist forest at altitudes of 1970 to 1990 meters.
Hechtia fosteriana L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives at altitudes of around 2100 meters only in the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia fragilis Burt-Utley & J.Utley : This endemic thrives on dry, steep slopes with thorn bush vegetation at altitudes of around 1585 meters only in the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia galeottii Mez : It thrives on dry slopes at altitudes of around 1500 meters only in the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia gayi L.W.Lenz (different spelling Hechtia gayorum L.W.Lenz ): This polygamomonözische species occurs only on granite rock not far from the coast in the Mexican state of Baja California and is considered lost.
Hechtia glauca Burt-Utley & J.Utley : This endemic thrives locally with many specimens on steep, exposed rock faces at altitudes of 275 to 300 meters only in the Mexican state of Michoacan.
Hechtia glomerata Zuccarini (Syn .: Hechtia gamopetala Mez , Hechtia ghiesbreghtii Lem. , Hechtia mexicana L.B.Sm. , Hechtia morreniana Mez ): It is distributed from Texas via Mexico to Guatemala. It thrives on rocks and in gravel soils at altitudes of 150 to 1800 meters.
Hechtia hernandez-sandovalii I. Ramírez , CF Jiménez & Treviño : It was first described in 2013 from the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. It thrives terrestrially on limestone hills or on rocky locations at altitudes of 1460 to 1850 meters.
Hechtia hintoniana Burt-Utley, Utley & García-Mendoza : It was first described in 2011 from the Mexican state of Michoacán. It thrives terrestrially in dry forests, in barrancas, on dry roadsides roadsides and in thickets at altitudes of 750 to 900 meters in the Mexican states of México and Michoacán.
Hechtia huamelulaensis I. Ramírez & Carnevali : It was first described in 2014 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca. So far it has only been found terrestrially in a xerophytic vegetation growing at an altitude of about 60 meters in the municipality of San Pedro Huamelula.
Hechtia iltisii Burt-Utley & J.Utley : It thrives on rocks and in thorn bush vegetation at altitudes of 280 to 300 meters only in the Mexican state of Jalisco.
Hechtia isthmusiana Burt-Utley : It was first described in 2012 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia ixtlanensis Burt-Utley : It was first described in 2012 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia jaliscana L.B.Sm. : It thrives all around rocks at altitudes of 750 to 800 meters only in the Mexican state of Jalisco.
Hechtia laevis L.B.Sm. : This endemic occurs only in mountains about 16 km south-southwest of the city of Colima in the Mexican state of Colima. It thrives there as a relatively common species in rocky gorges and the rocky slopes above at altitudes of 400 to 500 meters.
Hechtia lanata L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on rocks in a very windy area at an altitude of about 2400 meters just near Tequisistlan in the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia laxissima L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on rocks near the bridge in Canon de Marquez between Nueva Italia and Nueva Lombardia at altitudes of around 420 meters only in the Mexican state of Michoacán .
Hechtia lepidophylla I. Ramírez : It was first described from Mexico in 2008. It thrives at altitudes of 972 to 2500 meters in the Mexican states of Querétaro and Hidalgo .
Hechtia lindmanioides L.B.Sm. : It is only known of the type material that wascollectedon dry, stony slopes in the Barranca de Consoquitla near El Fortin in the Mexican state of Veracruz .
Hechtia lundelliorum L.B.Sm. : It thrives in large stocks on steep rocks at altitudes of 225 to 1250 meters in the Mexican states of Hidalgo, Querétaro and San Luis Potosí.
Hechtia lyman-smithii Burt-Utley & J.Utley : It thrives on dry, steep limestone hills with thorn bush vegetation at altitudes of 600 to 670 meters only in the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia malvernii Gilmartin : This endemic species has only been found at an altitude of 700 meters in El Paraiso in Honduras.
Hechtia mapimiana López-Ferrari & Espejo : It was first described in 2013 from the Mexican state of Durango. It thrives lithophytically at altitudes of 1400 to 1750 meters.
Hechtia marnier-lapostollei L.B.Sm. : It was first described using a cultivated specimen that comes from Mexico.
Hechtia matudae L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on moist, open slopes in mixed forests at an altitude of 1700 meters only in the Mexican state of Morelos .
Hechtia melanocarpa L.B.Sm. : It only occurs in the Mexican state of Guerrero.
Hechtia michoacana Burt-Utley, Utley, and García-Mendoza : It was first described in 2011 from the Mexican state of Michoacán. It thrives terrestrially on karst cliffs or rocky hills in full sun at altitudes of 90 to 120 meters.
Hechtia montana Brandegee (Syn .: Hechtia pedicellata sensu IMJohnst. Non S. Watson ): It thrives on rocks at altitudes of 300 to 720 meters in Mexico.
Hechtia montis-frigidi González-Rocha, Espejo, López-Ferr. & Cerros-Tlatilpa : It was first described in 2014 from the Mexican state of Morelos. So far it has only been found in the Municipio de Puente de Ixtla at an altitude of about 2020 meters and thrives there lithophytically.
Hechtia mooreana L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on steep slopes on limestone debris cones and on the river bank on the road only at an altitude of about 810 meters only in the Mexican state of Guerrero.
Hechtia nivea I. Ramírez & CFJiménez : It was first described in 2014 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It has so far only been found lithophytically on vertical rock faces or in the foothills in an area with low, deciduous forest growing at altitudes of around 1750 meters.
Hechtia nuusaviorum Espejo & López-Ferr. : It was first described in 2007 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It thrives lithophytically on rock faces in pine - oak forests at altitudes of 1700 to 1900 meters.
Hechtia oaxacana Burt-Utley, Utley & García-Mendoza : It was first described in 2011 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It thrives on steep karst hills with secondary vegetation at altitudes of 1650 to 2380 meters.
Hechtia pedicellata S. Watson : It only thrives lithophytically in the Mexican state of Jalisco.
Hechtia perotensis I. Ramírez & Mart.-Correa : It was first described from Mexico in 2007. It thrives terrestrially at altitudes of 2,400 to 2,500 meters in the Mexican states of Puebla and Veracruz.
Hechtia podantha Mez (Syn .: Hechtia liebmannii Mez ): It thrives terrestrially in open, rocky locations and in thorn forests at altitudes of 1,800 to 2,550 meters in Mexico.
Hechtia pretiosa Espejo & López-Ferr. : It was first described in 2008 from the Mexican state of Guanajuato. This endemic thrives in very small groups lithophytically on rock walls and banks of igneous rock at altitudes of around 1400 meters.
Hechtia pringlei H.Rob. & Greenm. : It was first described in 1895 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia pueblensis Burt-Utley, Utley & García-Mendoza : It was first described in 2011 from the Mexican state of Puebla. It thrives at altitudes of 1500 to 1740 meters.
Hechtia pumila Burt-Utley & J.Utley : This endemic thrives on dry hills with limestone cliffs in a thorn bush vegetation with many palm trees at an altitude of about 1340 meters only in the Mexican state of Guerrero.
Hechtia purhepecha García, Espejo & López-Ferr. : It was first described in 2014 from the Mexican state of Michoacan. It thrives in large stocks on ridges and hills of igneous rock and on boulders in tropical deciduous to semi-evergreen forests at altitudes of 900 to 1000 meters.
Hechtia purpusii Brandegee : It thrives lithophytically in deciduous forests at altitudes of 30 to 1200 meters only in the Mexican state of Veracruz.
Hechtia reflexa L.B.Sm. : It is only known from the type material that was collected in 1898 on a rocky slope at an altitude of about 650 meters near the Hacienda San Salvador on the road from El Carrizal to La Pitirera in the Mexican state of Michoacan.
Hechtia reticulata L.B.Sm. : It is known only from the type material that was collected in 1891 at Manzanillo in the Mexican state of Colima.
Hechtia rosea E. Morren ex Baker (Syn .: Hechtia desmetiana Mez , Hechtia macdougallii L.B.Sm. , Hechtia meziana L.B.Sm. , Hechtia roezlii hort. Ex Baker ): It is widespread in Mexico.
Hechtia roseana L.B.Sm. : It occurs only in the Mexican state of Puebla.
Hechtia rubicunda Lopez-Ferrari & Espejo : It was first described in 2014 from the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Hechtia schottii Baker ex Hemsley : This endemic occurs only in the southwestern part of the Mexican state of Yucatan.
Hechtia suaveolens E. Morren ex Mez : It is only known from the type material, which presumably comes from Mexico.
Hechtia subalata L.B.Sm. : It occurs in the Mexican state of Durango and Zacatecas.
Hechtia tehuacana B.L.Rob. : It occurs in the Mexican state of Puebla and Oaxaca.
Hechtia texensis S.Watson (Syn .: Hechtia elliptica L.B.Sm. , Hechtia scariosa L.B.Sm. , Hechtia zacatecae L.B.Sm. ): It thrives at altitudes of 1240 to 1555 meters from Texas to the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila and Zacatecas.
Hechtia tillandsioides (André) LBSm. : It thrives on rocks at altitudes of about 150 meters in Mexico.
Hechtia zamudioi Espejo, López-Ferr. & I.Ramírez : It was first described in 2008 from the Mexican state of Queretaro.
Werner Rauh : Bromeliads - Tillandsias and other bromeliads worthy of culture. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-6371-3
Ivón M. Ramírez Morillo: A New Species of Hechtia (Bromeliaceae) from Chihuahua, Mexico. In: Novon , Volume 21, Issue 3, 2011, pp. 362-367. doi: 10.3417 / 2009130
TJ Givnish, JC Pires, SW Graham, MA McPherson, LM Prince, TB Patterson: Phylogeny, biogeography, and ecological evolution in Bromeliaceae: Insights from ndhF sequences. In: JT Columbus, EA Friar, JM Porter, LM Prince, MG Simpson: Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Poales. , Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, 2006, 23, pp. 3-26.
Hechtia on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
_1-00001.jpg)
