Heinrich Ludwig (painter)

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Heinrich Ludwig (born March 13, 1829 in Hanau , † June 30, 1897 in Rome ) was a German painter and art historian .

Live and act

Heinrich Ludwig attended elementary school and grammar school in Hanau . His father Friedrich Ludwig interested him in painting and Heinrich Ludwig came to the Kassel Art Academy in 1843, shortly before his father's death . In 1845 he went to the Düsseldorf Art Academy and studied from 1848 to 1850 in the landscape class of Johann Wilhelm Schirmer . In Düsseldorf he took part in the life of the artists' association Malkasten .

In 1852 he went to Zurich , where his brother Carl Ludwig worked as a physiologist and professor at the University of Zurich. There he met the writer Gottfried Keller , who also worked as a painter. In 1853 he went to Italy for the first time, which became a second home for him. In Rome he frequented mainly German Romans , so he had contacts with well-known German artists and writers such as Arnold Böcklin , Hans Thoma , Emil Lugo , Friedrich Geselschap , Hermann Allmers , Karl Hillebrand and Theodor Mommsen . He took part in the "Cervaro Festival" of the German Artists' Association of Rome, where he appeared in 1857 as "court poet" and in 1858 as "President".

On a trip to Vienna he met the physiologist Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke , who among other things worked on the meaning of colors for the purposes of the arts and crafts. On the return trip in 1860, he fell, which probably led to the multiple sclerosis that began around 1870 . At this time he also began to deal with scientific and art-historical problems as well as art-historical events.

In 1871 he noticed that petroleum can have different evaporation rates under different influences and developed the "petroleum colors". On this subject he had a correspondence with the chemist Carl Engler , who submitted a publication on it. The chemist Johannes Wislicenus also prepared a report. From 1893 these colors were produced in the company founded by Franz Schoenfeld in Düsseldorf. Later there was a seven-year legal dispute with Adolf Wilhelm Keim , who also claimed the invention for himself. The dispute ended with a settlement .

Heinrich Ludwig published in 1876 about the principles of oil painting and the method of the classical masters. In 1882 he published his translation of the Libro di pittura by Leonardo da Vinci as The Book of Painting . New material from the original manuscripts appeared in 1885 as a supplement . On behalf of the Prussian Ministry of Culture , he wrote Die Technik der Oelmalerei from 1888 to 1892 , which appeared in two parts in 1893.

From the beginning of 1897 he was bedridden due to his multiple sclerosis and died on June 30, 1897. He was buried in Rome in the Protestant cemetery near the Cestius pyramid .

Fonts

  • About the principles of oil painting and the methods of the classical masters. Engelmann, Leipzig 1876, OCLC 603931653 . 2nd edition 1893.
  • The book of painting. (Original: Leonardo da Vinci: Libro di pittura. ) Translated and edited by Heinrich Ludwig. Braumüller, Vienna 1882.
  • New material from the original manuscripts. Supplement to The Book of Painting. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1885.
  • The technique of oil painting. 2 parts. Engelmann, Leipzig 1893. Part 1: The optical characteristics of oil painting. Part 2: The material durability of oil paintings.

literature

  • Paul Knapp : Heinrich Ludwig's life. In: Joseph August Beringer : Heinrich Ludwig about education for art practice and art enjoyment (= studies on German art history. Issue 78). Heitz & Mündel, Strasbourg 1907 ( online at archive.org).
  • Martin Gaier: Heinrich Ludwig and the "aesthetic heretics". Art politics, cultural criticism and understanding of science among the German-Romans. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-412-21046-5 ( Review by Alexander Auf der Heyde, In: H-ArtHist, January 19, 2015)

Web links

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ In some sources the year of death 1898 is mentioned.
  2. ^ Rudolf Theilmann : The student lists of the landscape classes from Schirmer to Dücker . In: Wend von Kalnein : The Düsseldorf School of Painting . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-8053-0409-9 , p. 145
  3. ^ Friedrich Noack : The Germanness in Rome since the end of the Middle Ages . Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, Stuttgart 1927, Volume 2, p. 369
  4. ↑ Entry on kalliope-verbund.info
personal data
SURNAME Ludwig, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and art historian
DATE OF BIRTH March 13, 1829
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanau
DATE OF DEATH June 30, 1897
Place of death Rome