Heinrich Matthias Marcard

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Heinrich Matthias Marcard

Heinrich Matthias Marcard , also Hinrich Matthias Marcard (born November 18, 1747 in Walsrode , † March 16, 1817 in Hanover ) was a German physician and writer as well as Princely Waldeckischer Privy Councilor.

Life

family

Heinrich Matthias Marcard was the son of the doctor Jakob Nikolaus Marcard (1717–1793) and his wife Karoline Henriette nee. Rischmüller (approx. 1728–1796). He was married twice. On October 8, 1782, he married Caroline Juliane Ernestine Hedemann (1755–1796) from Lauenau. On October 19, 1800, he married Sara Elisabeth Clara Reinbold , granddaughter of the well-known doctor Paul Gottlieb Werlhof (1690–1767) in Hanover . Of his eight children, Heinrich Eugen Marcard (1806–1883) became a member of the Prussian House of Representatives and gained notoriety as a conservative publicist and early anti-Semite .

Career

Heinrich Matthias Marcard grew up in Walsrode and from 1757 in Stade , where he attended high school. From September 1766 he studied medicine in Göttingen and received his doctorate in medicine on September 24, 1770 . From 1771 to 1773 he worked as a doctor in Stade and completed an educational stay in England from 1773 to 1774 , only to settle in Hanover that same year as “court medicus”. Here he got in close contact with the doctor and political publicist Johann Georg Zimmermann , who became his friend and role model.

From 1775 Marcard practiced regularly as a well doctor in Bad Pyrmont in the summer months . He made a significant contribution to the development of the city as a health resort. He established close contacts with the sometimes influential bathers, through which he was informed in detail about the most important events of the time. In Pyrmont he also met Peter I, Duke of Oldenburg and Prince-Bishop of Lübeck . On 17 December 1787 Marcard received the title of "Privy Councilor" and worked as a personal physician Peter I

In September 1788 Marcard moved to Oldenburg , where his medical work left him enough time for medical research and for an active social life. He also worked three months a year as a spa doctor in Pyrmont. As a moderate supporter of the Enlightenment, Marcard was welcomed in Oldenburg by the circle around Gerhard Anton von Halem as a like-minded person and immediately accepted into the city's literary society founded by him . Already at this time, however, like his friend Zimmermann, he was turning towards conservatism , which was reinforced by the outbreak of the French Revolution .

In Oldenburg, Marcard became the main representative of this conservative movement, which had further supporters in Count Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg and in some cases also with the general superintendent Esdras Heinrich Mutzenbecher . On the other side stood the circle around Halem, organized in the Literary Society , who wanted to influence public opinion in an enlightened and revolutionary sense. Marcard was also in contact with other advocates of conservative ideas in northwest Germany, such as Justus Möser , and tried, together with Stolberg, to inform and influence the Oldenburg sovereign in a conservative sense about the political events.

In this endeavor he made a grave mistake in 1790 when he provided the writer August von Kotzebue with material for his drastic cynical satire, Doctor Bahrdt with the Iron Forehead , published under a false name, which unites the German public with its violent, foul-hearted attacks against the Enlightenment Caused a scandal. Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, however, protected his personal physician and, with Halem's consent, rejected an investigation initiated against him on the initiative of Hanover. Although his position in Oldenburg was weakened by this affair, Marcard remained in office and also held on to his conservative convictions. In his travel books he again strongly opposed the French Revolution and in 1799 and 1806, in two politically far-sighted writings, urged Prussia to join the policy of containment against revolutionary France and to end the stance of armed neutrality. He also tried to inform the Duke of Oldenburg about the counter-revolutionary movement and to win his support for various conservative organs. With his aggravating views, however, he did not get through to the duke - probably also because of his character, which was described as belligerent and sometimes incompatible - and his influence remained limited. On October 16, 1808, for a minor reason, he asked to leave the Oldenburg service.

In 1809 Marcard returned to Hanover and published both fiction and medical writings in the Hanoverian magazine , which were often "adaptations after the English doctor and hospital manager Percivall Pott ".

He also wrote a biography about his friend Johann Georg Zimmermann.

Heinrich Matthias Marcard also worked as a "Land and Garrison Physician at Stade". He died in Hanover in 1817.

Memberships

The Royal British Court Medic at Hanover was also a member of the

Fonts (incomplete)

  • D. Henrich Matthias Marcard, of a cramp addiction similar to the tingling disease, observed in Stade , Hamburg 1772; 10281355 in VD 18 .
  • Medicinal trials. 2 volumes. Leipzig 1778.
  • Heinrich Matthias Marcard, Herzoglich Hollstein-Oldenburgischer Leibmedicus ... About the nature and use of the baths. Hanover. 1793. 2nd edition: Vienna 1815. 11552476 in VD 18 .
  • Description of Pyrmont (with copperplate engravings ). Volume 1: Leipzig. Weidmann's heirs and empire. 1784; online through google books . Volume 2: 1785.
  • (with AF von Kotzebue) Doctor Bahrdt with the iron forehead , or The German Union against Zimmermann. Greiz in Vogtland 1790.
  • Contribution to the biography of the soul. Hofraths and Ritters von Zimmermann, prompted by the disease history published by Herr Leibmedicus Wichmann in Hanover. Hamburg. Benjamin Gottlob Hoffmann. 1796; 11552573 in VD 18 .
  • Journey through French Switzerland and Italy. Hamburg 1799.
  • Prussia's neutrality system, its causes and probable consequences. Hamburg. 1799.
  • Addendum to the text: Prussia's neutrality system, its causes and probable consequences , Hamburg; 11417978 in VD 18 .
  • What can the Powers expect from Buonaparte? Bremen 1801.
  • Zimmermann's relationships with the Empress Catharina II and with Mr. Weikard. Bremen. 1803.
  • Small Pyrmont fountain book. Pyrmont 1805.
  • Reveries from a German patriot about the current situation in Europe and a possible peace. Oldenburg 1806.
  • About the saline mineral water to Pyrmont and their medicinal use. Hamburg. 1810.
  • French mirror for German patriots. Pyrmont 1815.

literature

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Klaus Mlynek: MARCARD, H (e) inrich Matthias (see literature)
  2. ^ Andreas Mettenleiter : Personal reports, memories, diaries and letters from German-speaking doctors. Supplements and supplements III (I – Z). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 22, 2003, pp. 269-305, here: p. 279.
  3. ↑ Compare this information from the German National Library
  4. ↑ Note: The Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie names the year 1788 here
  5. ^ A b Karl Ernst Hermann Krause: Marcard, Hinrich Matthias (see literature)
  6. ↑ Contribution to biography ... (see writings)
  7. ^ Description of Pyrmont , inside title (see writings)
personal data
SURNAME Marcard, Heinrich Matthias
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Marcard, Hinrich Matthias
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician and writer as well as Princely Waldeck Privy Councilor
DATE OF BIRTH November 18, 1747
PLACE OF BIRTH Walsrode
DATE OF DEATH March 16, 1817
Place of death Hanover