Hermann II (Swabia)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hermann II. († May 4, 1003 ) from the Konradin family had been Duke of Swabia as son and successor of Konrad I since 997 .

Life

Like his father, Hermann held the title of Duke in Alsace . He was not part of the immediate circle of Emperor Otto III. , but he accompanied Otto on his second Italian train in 997. After the death of Otto III. In the year 1002 Hermann was - next to the Bavarian Duke Heinrich , the son of Heinrich the quarrel , and Ekkehard von Meißen - one of the applicants for the royal succession . The majority of the great, including the influential Archbishop Heribert of Cologne , had at the funeral of Otto III. in Aachen Hermann II of Swabia preferred. Him, told Thietmar of Merseburg , would have appreciated it, as he had possessed the characteristics of mildness. Thietmar von Merseburg mentions his humility and fear of God as further praiseworthy qualities of the throne candidate Hermann. In his pursuit of the royal dignity, Hermann tried to block the Rhine crossing to Mainz for his competitor Heinrich , but this failed. Heinrich was ultimately able to succeed Otto III. push through.

At first Hermann did not accept the success of his competitor, so that there were armed conflicts, including in Strasbourg , where the bishop's church was looted by Hermann's people. However, on October 1, 1002, he submitted. According to Thietmar von Merseburg, Hermann had to renounce the Strasbourg monastery at the deditio (submission) carried out in Bruchsal to the new King Heinrich II and promise to make amends for the damage inflicted on the bishopric. The deditio was often associated with the loss of goods and positions of power, but was nevertheless the gentlest form of sanction for the underdog. On Christmas 1002, Hermann went to the king's court in Frankfurt and was graciously received by the latter.

The Diedenhofen document formed the end of the conflict over the succession. After her, the nunnery in Strasbourg, which had previously belonged to the Swabian Duke Hermann II , had to be transferred to Bishop Werner , who was to be compensated for the damage that Hermann's people had inflicted on his Strasbourg episcopal church. The looting of the bishop's church was sacrilege and caused great outrage in the empire. With the cession of the monastery, Hermann lost the most important base in his suburb of Strasbourg.

Hermann died soon after, and the events were widely viewed as God's judgment. The Annales Sangallenses maiores suggest a direct connection between the sacrilege of desecration and the imminent death of the duke. The Quedlinburg Annals , which also name the burning and devastation of churches as Hermann's main actions, state that God himself humiliated the rebels as quickly as possible.

After Hermann's death, Heinrich II took over the guardianship of his son and successor Hermann III.

Marriage and offspring

→ For further genealogical details see the main article Konradiner

Hermann II had been with Gerberga of Burgundy († July 7, 1019), the daughter of Conrad III , since around 986 . des Friedfertigen ( Pacificus ), King of Burgundy ( Welfen ), and widow of Count Hermann I von Werl , married, with whom he had five children:

swell

  • Thietmar von Merseburg : Chronicle (= selected sources on German history in the Middle Ages. Freiherr-vom-Stein-Gedächtnisausgabe. Vol. 9). Retransmitted and explained by Werner Trillmich . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1957 (several new editions).

literature

  • Hagen Keller : Swabian dukes as applicants for the throne: Hermann II (1002), Rudolf von Rheinfelden (1077), Friedrich von Staufen (1125). On the development of the imperial idea and the responsibility of princes, understanding of voting and voting procedures in the 11th and 12th centuries , in: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins 131, 1983, pp. 123–162.
  • Ludger Körntgen : Inprimis Herimanni ducis assensu. On the function of DHII. 34 in the conflict between Heinrich II. And Hermann von Schwaben , in: Frühmittelalterliche Studien , Vol. 34 (2000) pp. 159–185.
  • Helmut Maurer : The Duke of Swabia. Foundations, effects and nature of his rule in the Ottonian, Salian and Staufer times. Sigmaringen 1978, pp. 87ff., 160ff. ISBN 3-7995-7007-1 .
  • Otto Gerhard Oexle :  Hermann II (Swabia). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, ISBN 3-428-00189-3 , p. 641 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Thomas Zotz : The Breisgau and the Alemannic Duchy. On the constitution and property history in the 10th and early 11th centuries , Sigmaringen 1974, p. 111ff.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Thietmar, V 3.
  2. ↑ Thietmar, V 3.
  3. ↑ Thietmar, V 12.
  4. ↑ Ludger Körntgen: Inprimis Herimanni ducis assensu. On the function of DHII. 34 in the conflict between Heinrich II. And Hermann von Schwaben , in: Frühmittelalterliche Studien, Vol. 34 (2000) pp. 159–185.
  5. ↑ Annales Sangallenses maiores, op. 1002
  6. ↑ Annales Quedlinburgenses a. 1002
predecessor Office successor
Konrad I. Duke of Swabia
997-1003 		Hermann III.
personal data
SURNAME Hermann II.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Swabia
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1003