Hermann Kirchner (legal scholar)

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Hermann Kirchner (born November 11, 1562 in Hersfeld ; † March 26, 1620 in Herrenbreitungen ) was a German poet , lawyer and professor of history , poetics and rhetoric in Marburg .

Life

At a young age, Kirchner was sent by his father Joachim Kirchner to his brother in Copenhagen , where he began his higher studies in the ducal library, before moving to Rostock from 1585 (among others with Nathan Chyträus ) and from 1587 in Marburg (among others with Egidius Hunnius the Elder ) studied humaniora , poetics , history and, most recently, law . In Marburg he seems to have made the acquaintance of Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel , who was matriculated there from 1587 to 1590 and to whom he later dedicated several of his works .

In the years 1590 to 1595 Kirchner was mainly active as a poet and he also referred to himself as such, and in 1593 he was unsuccessfully proposed as professor of rhetoric by the University of Marburg . In 1594 he was at the instigation of his acquaintance, the Hessian Hereditary Marshal Johann III. Riedesel (1544–1609), because of his poetic talent, was a member of the Hessen-Kassel delegation to the Reichstag in Regensburg , where Emperor Rudolf II appointed him “ poeta laureatus ” after Kirchner was allowed to recite a few anagrams and Latin poems. After that, Kirchner liked to refer to himself on the front pages of his publications as " Poeta Caesareus Coronatus " or PCC

In the same year, on March 8, 1594, he was appointed Associate Professor of History and Poetics in Marburg by Landgrave Moritz, not least because of the imperial favor. He held this position until 1603. He received his doctorate in Marburg on July 12, 1599, as a doctor of both rights and subsequently published a number of papers in the field of political science and public law . On May 28, 1603 he was appointed full professor of poetics and history, 1606/07 he was dean of the Philosophical Faculty , and from 1608 he was also full professor of rhetoric / eloquence and syndic of the University of Marburg.

As a constitutional lawyer, he and his Marburg colleague Regner Sixtinus (1543–1617) prepared the fundamental distinction between the “ maiestas personalis ” and the “ maiestas realis ”, which only the emperor is entitled to, in the concept of dual sovereignty . His most important works included the treatise "Legatus" published in Lich in 1604 on the profession of ambassador , which appeared in further editions in 1610 and 1614 in Marburg, and the disputation collection "Respublica" published in 1608, which deals intensively with the sovereignty debate with the French state theorist Jean Bodin († 1596) dealt with and in which he first distinguished between “ maiestas personalis ” and “ maiestas realis ” and presented his views on what constitutes public law ( ius publicum ) in Germany and in the Holy Roman Empire understand: the so-called "fundamental laws" Golden Bull , Reich farewells and election surrenders . In his collection of disputations he dealt in detail with the various authorities, with advisory committees ( Reichstag , Kreistage , Landtag , secret councils ), with the cities and with the alliance and legation system.

In May 1614, probably under the influence of a mental illness , he left Marburg and went to Herrenbreitungen , where he stayed with his father-in-law. He was secretary to Countess Sophie von Henneberg (1541–1631), widow of Count Poppo XII. von Henneberg (1513–1574). He lived there as a pensioner of the countess until his death on March 26, 1620. He was buried in the castle church in Herrenbreitungen.

Works (selection)

  • Regnum convivale. Marburg, 1591
  • Anagrammatismorum centuria. Frankfurt / Main, 1594
  • Theses politicae de prudential mixta. Marburg, 1595
  • Oratio pro disciplina poetica, sub auspicio poeticae profesionis recitata. 1595
  • Orationes de gravissimis aliquot cum juridicis tum politicis quaestionibus in utramque partem discussis. Frankfurt / Main, 1599
  • Legatus ejusque jura, dignitas et officium. Lich, 1604; Marburg 1610 etc.
  • Disputatio de militia. Marburg, 1608
  • Respublica. Methodicae disputationis acie tum veterum tum recentiorum Politicorum opinionibus candide et probe excussis proposita. 1608, expanded 1609
  • Synopsis philosophiae practicae. 1609
  • Coriolanus. Tragico Comoedia. 1609
  • Problema nobile: utrum homini noboli genere nato marti potius quam arti studendum potiusque castra militaria quam literaria sequenda sunt? 1610
  • Dissertatio generalem theoriam politicam sustens. 1610
  • Dissertatio ethico politica de prudentia. 1612
  • Orationes XXXVI. (2 volumes) Erfurt, 1614–1617

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Registration of Hermannus Kirchner in Rostock in 1585
  2. ^ Ruth Kohlndorfer-Fries: Diplomacy and Republic of Scholars: the contacts of the French envoy Jacques Bongars (1554-1612) . Niemeyer, Tübingen, 2009, ISBN 978-3-484-36637-4 , pp. 39-41
  3. ↑ New editions published in 1610, 1614 and 1634.
  4. ↑ Sophie was a daughter of Duke Ernst I of Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Celle and Count Poppo's second wife.

Web links

literature

personal data
SURNAME Kirchner, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kirchner, Hermannus; Kirchnerus, Hermannus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Poet, lawyer, university professor
DATE OF BIRTH November 11, 1562
PLACE OF BIRTH Hersfeld
DATE OF DEATH March 26, 1620
Place of death Man spreads