Hereditary Marshal (Hesse)

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Hereditary marshal was a hereditary court office in the Landgraviate of Hesse since 1342 , which retained importance even after the division of the Landgraviate.

history

The marshal was originally the overseer of the princely stables, so the "stable master". Its meaning later changed in the sense of "commander of the cavalry". The marshal was one of the four or five old court offices in the Middle Ages .

The first Landgrave of Hesse, Heinrich I , appointed Gottfried von Rodenstein as his marshal in 1255. He served in this office until the end of the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession and resigned in 1265. After him, Rupert von Ruhne (1271 until his death before 1285) and Heinrich Romrod (1296–1298) held the office.

In 1343 Heinrich von Eisenbach received the office of marshal, now for the first time as a hereditary office . From Rörich II. Von Eisenbach, who had remained without a biological heir, it was passed on to the brothers Eckhard II. And Friedrich von Röhrenfurth in 1422 , and when they died in 1432 without male heirs, the Hereditary Marshal's office came to Eckhard's son-in-law Hermann II. Riedesel . Even after the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse, the office continued to exist undivided for its successor counties, and it remained in the Riedesel family until it was abolished in 1918 . (For the Electorate of Hesse , the office expired with the annexation of Electorate Hesse by Prussia in 1866.) The office was held by the oldest male Riedesel. Even if it is a hereditary feudal acted, the feud had after the death of an incumbent to be formally awarded new. After the division of Hesse, this new loan was given by the older of the two landgraves. The lending was then only indicated to the younger one. In rare exceptions, people could be excluded from the succession by imperial decree. Thus Johann Volprecht Riedesel Eisenbach illness no hereditary marshal, though after the death of Hermann Riedesel to Eisenbach (1682-1751) was actually entitled to inherit. The trial against this disinheritance before the Reich Chamber of Commerce was discontinued after three years without a judgment.

The Hereditary Marshal presided over the Knighthood of Althessia . He chaired the state parliaments of the Landgraviate of Hesse and was responsible for the files of the estates in Lauterbach until the division of Hesse .

During the time of the German Confederation , the senior citizens of the House of Riedesel had virilst votes in the first chamber of the state estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and in the Kurhessische estates assembly . In the Electorate of Hesse, August Riedesel zu Eisenbach already chaired the state parliament from 1815/16. After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia, the hereditary marshal took a seat in the Prussian manor house .

With the end of the monarchies in the German Reich in 1918, the court office of the Hessian Hereditary Marshal expired. The Old Hessen Knighthood , however, still exists today as a foundation under the name of the Knightly Stift Kaufungen , and the head of the Riedesel family presides over it with the honorary title of Hereditary Marshal.

Hereditary Marshal

image number Hereditary Marshal Term of office Life dates annotation
1 Heinrich I. von Eisenbach 1343-1350
2 Johann II of Eisenbach 1350-1367
3 Rörich I. von Eisenbach 1367-1395
4th Rörich II of Eisenbach 1395-1422 † 1428 resigned from office in 1422
5 Eckhardt II and Friedrich von Röhrenfurth (brothers) 1422-1432 Friedrich † 1430 1418–1422 already deputy for Rörich II. Von Eisenbach
6th Hermann II. Riedesel 1432-1463 1407-1463 Son-in-law of Eckhardt II von Röhrenfurth
7th Hermann III. and Georg I. Riedesel (brothers) 1463-1500 Georg † 1482/1483
8th Hermann IV. Riedesel 1500-1529 1481-1529
9 Theodor Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1529-1531
10 Johann II. Riedesel 1531-1550 1490-1550
Lauterbach City Church Epitaph 347.JPG 11 Volpert Riedesel 1550-1563 1500-1563 Wife Apollonia b. Waldpott von Bassenheim (1510–1571 / 82), children: Georg IV von Riedesel zu Eisenbach , Hermann VII, Hans Volprecht I, Konrad II, Anna (married von Cronberg, later von Berlepsch), Maria, Apollonia; Tomb in the Lauterbach church
12 Adolph Hermann Riedesel zu Stockhausen and Hermannsburg 1563-1582
13 (8) George IV of Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1582-1589 (before 1563 - February 6, 1589 in Ersrode ) 1566 to 1568 Hessian council; in 1st marriage with Anna Rau von Holzhausen , in 2nd marriage before / around 1589 with Margarete von Boyneburg-Hohenstein zu Jestädt (1565–1623), died shortly afterwards
14 (9) Johann III. Riedesel zu Hermannsburg 1589-1609 1544-1609
15 (10) Volprecht II. Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Hermannsburg 1609-1610 also Volpert
Volprecht Riedesel zu Eisenbach (1578-1632) .jpg 16 (11) Volprecht IV. Riedesel zu Eisenbach the Middle zu Ludwigseck 1610-1632 1578-1632 also Volpert
17 (12) Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Hermannsburg 1632-1640 1588-1640 Son of Volprecht II.
Kurt Riedesel zu Eisenbach (1603-1665) .jpg 18 (13) Kurt Riedesel zu Ludwigseck 1640-1665 1603-1665
19 (14) Johann Riedesel zu Altenburg 1665-1676
20 (15) Johann Riedesel zu Eisenbach (1624–1691) zu Lauterbach 1676-1691 1624-1691
21 (16) Volpert Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Ludwigseck 1691-1698 1628-1698
Hermann Adolph Riedesel zu Eisenbach (died 1707) .jpg 22 (17) Hermann Adolph Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Lauterbach 1698-1707 died 1707
Georg Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1657-1724) .JPG 23 (18) Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Lauterbach 1707-1724 1657-1724
Jost Volprecht Riedesel zu Eisenbach (1663-1733) .jpg 24 (19) Jost Volprecht Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Ludwigseck 1724-1733 1663-1733 also Hans Volpert
Adolph Hermann Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1675-1734) .JPG 25 (20) Adolph Hermann Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Sickendorf 1733-1734 1675-1734
Hermann Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1682-1745) .JPG 26 (21) Hermann XVIII. Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Lauterbach 1734-1745 1682-1745
Hermann Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1682-1751) .JPG 27 (22) Hermann XIX. Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Altenburg 1745-1751 1682-1751
Friedrich Georg Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1703-1775) .JPG 28 (23) Friedrich Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Ludwigseck 1751-1775 1703-1775
Georg Ludwig Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1725-1800) .JPG 29 (24) Georg Ludwig Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Altenburg 1775-1800 1725-1800
Johann Conrad Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1742-1812) .JPG 30 (25) Johann Conrad Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1800-1812 1742-1812
Karl Georg Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach (1746-1819) .JPG 31 (26) Carl Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1812-1819 1746-1819 Karl too. President of the Hessian state parliament from 1815/16
32 (27) Ludwig Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Ludwigseck 1820-1825
33 (28) August Riedesel zu Eisenbach zu Lauterbach 1779-1843 President of the constituent assembly of the Kurhessian Estates
29 Friedrich Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1782-1853 Member of the Electoral Hessian Estates Assembly, the 1st Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse
30th Ludwig Volprecht Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1806-1858 Member of the 1st Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse
31 Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1812-1881 Member of the Electoral Hessian Estates Assembly, the 1st Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Prussian Manor House
32 Giesebert Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1813-1885 Member of the 1st Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Prussian Manor House
Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach (1845–1897) .jpg 33 Georg Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1845-1897 Member of the 1st and 2nd chambers of the state estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Prussian manor house
34 Ludwig Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1846-1924 Member of the 1st Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Prussian Manor House
35 Volprecht Riedesel zu Eisenbach 1852-1939 Member of the Electoral Hesse State Assembly and the Municipal Parliament

literature

  • Georg Landau: The Hessian knight castles and their owners. Volume 3 , pp. 381-404, and Volume 4 , pp. 6-10, 71-73, Bohné, Kassel 1836 u. 1839.
  • Jochen Lengemann : MdL Hessen. 1808-1996. Biographical index (= political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse. Vol. 14 = publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. Vol. 48, 7). Elwert, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6 , pp. 309-310.
  • Hans Georg Ruppel, Birgit Groß: Hessian MPs 1820–1933. Biographical evidence for the estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse (2nd Chamber) and the Landtag of the People's State of Hesse (= Darmstädter Archivschriften. Vol. 5). Verlag des Historisches Verein für Hessen, Darmstadt 1980, ISBN 3-922316-14-X , p. 217.
  • Fritz Zschaeck: The Riedesel to Eisenbach. Vol. 4: From the death of Konrad II in 1593 to the contract with Hessen-Darmstadt 1593–1713, Offenbach 1957

Web links

Commons : Erbmarschall (Hessen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Landgrave Regests online No. 1062. Regest of the Landgrave of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS) ..
  2. ↑ Landgrave Regest online No. 3165. Regest of the Landgrave of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ↑ Landgrafen-Regesten online No. 8852. Regest of the Landgraves of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  4. ↑ Landgrave Regest online No. 9042. Regest of the Landgrave of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  5. ↑ Landgrave Regests online No. 3180. Regest of the Landgraves of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ↑ Landgrave Regesten online No. 9034. Regest of the Landgrave of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  7. ^ Karl Siegmar von Galéra: Die Riedesel zu Eisenbach: Vom Reich zum Rheinbund 1713-1806, 1961, S. 8-9
  8. ↑ The numbering is based initially on the representation of Landau. However, this does not correspond to the current count. From point 25 (20), the current counting method is therefore indicated (initially in brackets)
  9. ↑ Certificate: HStAD inventory R 4 No. 21533  In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen).
  10. ↑ Georg IV. Riedesel 1589, Ersrode. Grave monuments in Hesse until 1650 (as of February 19, 2006). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on November 19, 2018 .
  11. ^ EE Becker: Die Riedesel zu Eisenbach , Darmstadt 1936
  12. ^ Riedesel zu Eisenbach, Margarete. Hessian biography (as of April 21, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on November 19, 2018 .
  13. ^ "Riedesel zu Eisenbach, Adolph Hermann Freiherr". Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  14. ^ "Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach, Hermann XVIII.". Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  15. ^ "Riedesel zu Eisenbach, Hermann XIX. Freiherr ". Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  16. ^ "Riedesel zu Eisenbach, Friedrich Georg Freiherr". Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  17. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Ruppel / Groß: Hessian MPs ...