Sprinkler Sistine

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Regner Sixtinus (also Regnerus or Reinerus , * 1543 in Leeuwarden ; † May 11, 1617 in Kassel ) was a legal scholar from Friesland who became a professor , university rector , judge , envoy and secret councilor in Hesse .

De regalibus , 1617

Life

Sixtinus was born as the son of Nicolaus Sixtinus and his wife Wytske Hettema in Leeuwarden; his grandfather Albert was the brother of Johann Sistine , who died in England in 1519 as a respected lawyer and canon . Regner first attended school in Leeuwarden and then the Latin school in neighboring Boalsert . With the help of a legacy left by his great-uncle , he went to study law at the then outstanding law faculty in Bourges , where he was a student of Éguiner-François Baron (1495–1550), Jacques Cujas (1522–1590), François Baudouin (1520–1573 ), Hugues Doneau (1527–1591) and François Douaren (1509–1559). In 1565, at the age of 22, he obtained at the University of Orléans , the doctorate of jurisprudence . For religious reasons, the staunch Calvinist did not go back to the Netherlands , where the Inquisition was rampant and convictions for heresy increased dramatically, but to Speyer , where he familiarized himself with the legal process there as an intern at the Imperial Court of Justice.

Three years later, on October 15, 1568, he became associate professor and that same year full professor at the University of Marburg , where he taught until 1591. As early as 1573, Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel appointed him his lawyer , counselor and “servant from home”, and in 1576 he was a deputy for the University of Marburg at the state parliament in Treysa . On April 23, 1579 he was appointed to the council of all four Hessian landgraves and as such was appointed councilor and assessor (judge) at the joint court of the Hessian landgraves in Marburg. On August 23, 1580 he was appointed "Primarius" of the Law Faculty in Marburg under the two Landgraves Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel and Ludwig IV of Hessen-Marburg and in the academic year 1580/81 he was rector of the university. From February 20, 1581 he was also a counselor and servant from the house of Marburg Landgrave Ludwig IV, and in 1586 he was the Hessian representative at the Reichsdeputationstag in Worms .

Since his religious views were not in line with those of the Lutheran Marburg preachers and he therefore feared serious difficulties, he submitted his resignation on June 22, 1590 and resigned from the academic senate in Marburg on May 10, 1591. In the same year he again traveled to Denmark as the Hessian envoy , but then moved to Frankfurt am Main , where he became town clerk (head of the chancellery) and legal counsel .

In 1593 he was appointed to his court by the Calvinist Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel, and from 1594 until his death Sixtine lived - appointments to chairs in Groningen , Rostock a . a. decisive - as a member of the Privy Council in Kassel. There he was also a member of the commission in 1597, which was convened to draft the Hessian land law with a court constitution, and in 1604/05 he was one of the Hessian-Kassel councilors that worked for Moritz with Landgrave Ludwig V of Hesse-Darmstadt and his brothers Philipp and Friedrich negotiated because of the will of the Marburg Landgrave Ludwig IV and the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Marburg that was decreed therein .

Fonts

Like Dominicus Arumaeus († 1637) in Jena , he was one of the decisive pioneers in establishing the discipline of public law in the German-speaking area and an independent German constitutional law . He consistently turned away from scholastic and towards humanistic jurisprudence. He and his Marburg colleague Hermann Kirchner (1562–1620) prepared the fundamental distinction in the concept of dual sovereignty between the “ maiestas personalis ” and the “ maiestas realis ”, which only the emperor is entitled to. Among his writings, the “ Tractatus de Regalibus ”, printed in nine editions from 1602 to 1617, was the best known and most widely used. The writing played a pioneering role in the reception and adaptation of the teachings of the French state theorist Jean Bodin († 1596), the founder of the modern concept of sovereignty and early advocate of absolutism , in the empire . The work “ Exegesis juris civilis ad method. institutionum - juris feudalis, - juris canonici ”appeared in 1617. In the course of time he also worked on a large number of so-called Responsis and Consiliis , most of which were included in the Marburg Consilia Collection.

Works

  • De regalibus ( la ) 1602.
    • De regalibus ( la ). Egenolff Emmel, Frankfurt am Main 1617.

Marriage and offspring

Regner Sixtinus was married to Elisabeth, a daughter of the doctor Wilhelm Sascher in Groningen . The marriage had three sons and two daughters:

Footnotes

  1. ↑ "Servant from the house" = civil servant without residence obligation, who only has to perform duty on special request (see German legal dictionary ).
  2. ↑ Rector and Senate of the University of Marburg , founded in 1527, were members of the Curia of the Prelates of the Hessian Estates because of the former monastery properties in their possession .
  3. ↑ The sons of Philip I , who had become sovereign landgraves through his division of the estate: Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel (1532–1592), Ludwig IV. Of Hessen-Marburg (1537–1604), Philip II of Hessen-Rheinfels ( 1541–1583) and Georg I of Hessen-Darmstadt (1547–1596).
  4. ↑ Christoph Strohm: “Calvinistic Jurists”. Cultural Effects of Reformed Protestantism. In: Irene Dingel, Herman J. Selderhuis (Ed.): Calvin and Calvinism. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 2011, ISBN 978-3-525-10106-3 , e- ISBN 978-3-647-10106-4 , pp. 297-312 (here p. 305)
  5. ↑ Christoph Strohm: Calvinism and Law: Philosophical-Confessional Aspects in the Work of Reformed Jurists in the Early Modern Age. (Late Middle Ages, Humanism, Reformation 42) Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, 2008, ISBN 978-3-16-149581-6 , pp. 269-270

literature

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personal data
SURNAME Sistine, sprinkler
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sistine, Regnerus; Sistine, Reinerus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Lawyer, university professor, rector, judge, envoy and statesman
DATE OF BIRTH 1543
PLACE OF BIRTH Leeuwarden
DATE OF DEATH May 11, 1617
Place of death kassel