Zühr mansion

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Zühr Manor 2014

The Herrenhaus Zühr is a listed half-timbered building in Zühr , a district of Körchow in the city of Wittenburg , in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

history

First mentioned in 1194 of the parrochia kurchowe Zure. Zühr had been the ancestral estate of the von Züle family since 1439, which became extinct in the male line after the death of Thomas Friedrich von Zühle on October 28, 1752. Zühr and Marsow were fiefdoms of the von Züle.

The farm buildings of the former estate are grouped in a semicircle around a large, free space in front of the manor house . The house stands in the lowlands next to a medieval tower hill, which is surrounded by a body of water. Today the manor is completely free and dominates the village.

In 1431 Zühr belonged temporarily to Hans von Bülow , but came back to von Züle in 1439. After 1500 the von Bischwang sat with Carl von Bischwang on Zühr; these also owned the neighboring Gut Körchow from approx. 1470 to 1726. In 1640 Cyriacus von Bischwang pledged his share to Jürgen Klerke from Boizenburg . Christian von Bischwang auf Körchow again sold Zühr to von Züle in 1641.

But it wasn't until 1723 that Zühr was completely in the hands of von Züle again. In 1740, Lieutenant General Friedrich von Züle had the two-story building built. Holst married in 1740. Major Eberhard von Vegesack the heir daughter Agnesa Osterholt von Züle on Zühr. When Friedrich von Zühle died in 1752, they inherited the estate. During the Seven Years' War Eberhard von Vegesack came to Mecklenburg as a Prussian officer and in 1740 bought Neuhof and Schalis and was also a tenant in Volzrade . Because of extravagance, he went bankrupt with Zühl in 1766. In 1796 Zühl belonged to a Mr. Schrader, who sold it in 1830 to Major Carl Friedrich von Graevenitz on Waschow . In 1937 Zühr was sold to a settlement company and settled with farmers from the Emsland and the area around Paderborn . In the Third Reich , the manor house housed a BDM home and from 1940 the house was used by the Catholic Church.

Despite original demolition plans after 1945, the Zühr mansion continued to be used as a children's home and as a Catholic retirement home. Due to constant use, the building was structurally in very good overall condition. Today the house is used by the living, working and living community (WALG) of Caritas Mecklenburg eV as a social institution of the Catholic Church.

architecture

Zühr mansion around 1857

In Mecklenburg there are comparatively few manor houses and castles that were built using the simple construction method as timber frame construction. The well-known hunting lodges Friedrichsthal near Schwerin and Friedrichsmoor near Neustadt-Glewe are among the preserved, representative half-timbered buildings, in addition to the Zühr manor . The half-timbered manor house of Zühr was built in 1720/40 for the Electoral-Polish Lieutenant General (or Major General ) Thomas Friederich von Züle.

Broadly supported with thirteen axles and two storeys, the half-timbered building lies under a high hipped roof . The middle of the manor house is accentuated by a three-axis central projection with a flat gable triangle. By 1902, still graced coat of arms of the builder over the front door, today's Crest is the family of Graevenitz who had owned the estate from 1830 Zühr. In the coat of arms there are three oak leaves on a branch.

The front of the building, the village facade, has been made with strong oak beams. These bars measure 28 × 28 centimeters.

The park side was massively renewed in brick in the middle of the 19th century and plastered. The open porch and the balcony above, supported by two slender columns, also date from this period. Its middle terrace door bears the inscription in old German letters throughout the overhead door: Do not be afraid, I am with you, do not give way, because I am your God, Isa. 41, V. 10. and is dated C. v. G (raevenitz) 1863.

After the mansion was sold to the settlement community in 1937, the most valuable parts of the interior were still preserved. Up until 1902 there were splendid tiled stoves with iron bases in the living room and bedrooms, the cast work of which showed the Zülsche coat of arms. In the upper rooms, hand-painted wallpaper adorned the walls and the over-portals were decorated with hunting and shepherd scenes . Two great battle scenes from the Turkish Wars, which the builder of the house, General Friedrich von Zühr had probably participated in, also adorned the walls in the great ballroom of the manor house. The paintings of the son Augustus the Strong and his wife hung over the chimneys.

Successful ownership of the property

  • 1431 Hans von Bülow
  • 1439 from Züle
  • 1640 Ciriakus von Bischwang
  • 1699 brown-black Colonel Hans Ernst von Züle on Marsow
  • 1710 Lieutenant General Friedrich von Züle
  • 1750 holst. Major Eberhard Baron von Vegesack, married. with Agnesa Osterholt from Züle
  • 1797 by Schrader
  • 1830 Major Carl Friedrich von Graevenitz on Waschow
  • 1940 owned by the Catholic Church

Park

Behind the manor there is a park-like garden, which is still drawn in as a formal garden on a plan from 1770. The well-kept and used park is dominated by wide lawns. Right next to the manor is a pond with ten stately English oaks on the bank . A ditch rises from the pond, which runs along behind the manor house and used to expand into a second, smaller pond, where a bald cypress still stands today. A clear terrain divides the park into a lower and a higher area. Particularly noteworthy on the south-western edge of the park is the approximately 250 meter long hornbeam avenue, which forms a green arcade in summer. A copper beech with red leaves forms a nice contrast to this next to the avenue . In one corner of the park there is a large horse chestnut within a rondel formed by strong hornbeams .

Parish hall with St. Joseph Church

Catholic Church of St. Joseph

In 1940 Catholic farmers were relocated to Zühr to build military installations in the Emsland. The Catholic service was first held in a private house in Wittenburg . With the use of the manor house from 1940 by the Catholic Church, the parish church of St. Joseph was set up there in the entrance hall in the winter of 1940 .

The half-timbered building to the east of the manor house was converted from 1996 to 1997 by the Catholic parish into a parish house with the Church of St. Joseph . Through the light wooden ceiling, the prayer room with its simple altar and lectern appears to have a calming effect on the visitor. In front of the chancel there is a sculpture of the patron saint on the left and Mary with the child on the right.

In the anteroom there is an early Romanesque baptismal font , which was made from granite around 1160 using the stone-on-stone knocking technique. It once stood on the south side of the Körchower Church . When it became unusable for baptisms, a piece of granite had been broken from the dome wall and lay in the churchyard for centuries. At the end of the 19th century, the lord of Grevenitz had them brought to Zühr and set up in his park. After 1945 the Fünte was disposed of on a pile of stones north of the manor house. From there the three parts reached the front hall of the church. The granite foot measures 92 to 96 cm in height, 70 cm in width, the dome height 40 cm, the dome width 61 cm, the wall thickness 9 cm and the lower foot width 69 cm.

The two bells in the modern wooden belfry were donated to the Catholic parish by the Bochum Mining Association in 1955.

Sources and literature

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin
    • LHAS 5.12-3 / 1 Mecklenburg Schwerin Ministry of the Interior. K 11.5.2 Individual goods and places, No. 13358 Zühr 1880–1899.
    • LHAS 5.12-4 / 3 Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests, Dept. Settlement Office. District of Hagenow, No. 875–877 Ritterschaftliches Landgut Zühr 1934–1944.
    • 5.12-9 / 2 District Office Hagenow. Zühr 1870-1944.
    • 9.11-1 Reich Chamber Court case files 1495–1896. No. 487 Zühr, Wittenburg Office 1784–1787.

Printed sources

literature

  • Walter Ohle: Former manor houses and mansions in Mecklenburg. In: Preservation of monuments in Mecklenburg. Yearbook 1951/52, Dresden 1952, p. 99.
  • Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: Families from Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Volume 3, Nagold 1992.
  • Bruno J. Sobotka Castles, palaces and manor houses in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Stuttgart 1995 ISBN 3-8062-1084-5 .
  • Manfred F. Fischer: You don't tear the house down, ... inscriptions on manor houses in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Monument protection and preservation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Volume 4, Schwerin 1997, pp. 17-26.
  • Georg Dehio , edited by Hans-Christian Feldmann, Gerd Baier, Dietlinde Brugmann, Antje Heling, Barbara Rimpel: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , p. 732.
  • ZEBI eV, START eV: Village and town churches in the Parchim parish. Bremen, Rostock 2001 ISBN 3-86108-795-2 , p. 224.
  • Neidhardt Krauss: Zuhr. In. Castles, manor houses and parks in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Volume 1 (2002) pp. 108-109.
  • Hugo von Pentz: Album of Mecklenburg goods in the former knighthood of Wittenburg. Schwerin 2005 ISBN 3-935749-37-6 , pp. 135-137.
  • Paul Martin Romberg: The early Romanesque baptismal font of the Wends and Obotrites. Alt Meteln 2015.

Web links

Commons : Herrenhaus Zühr  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bruno J. Sobotka castles, palaces, manor houses in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Konrad Theiss Verlag Stuttgart, 1995 ISBN 3-8062-1084-5 , p. 302.
  2. ↑ Friedrich Lisch : The von Züle family. MJB (1848) No. 13, pp. 430-432.
  3. ↑ location
  4. ↑ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: von Bischwang 1496–1783. 1995, p. 55.
  5. ↑ Friedrich Lisch: The von Züle family. MJB No. 13 (1848) pp. 430-432.
  6. ↑ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: von Züle 1254–1752. 1992, p. 253.
  7. ^ Friedrich Schlie : Herrenhaus zu Zühr. 1899, p. 84.
  8. ↑ Renewal of the park side
  9. ↑ Manfred F. Fischer: You don't tear down the house ... Monument protection and preservation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 1997 p. 10.
  10. ↑ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: Von Zühle 1254–1752. 1992, p. 254.
  11. ^ Hugo Pentz: Zühr Schwerin 2005 pp. 135-136.
  12. ^ Neidhardt Krauss: Half-timbered manor house Zühr. SVZ Schwerin, MM No. 5 p. 11.
  13. ↑ ZEBI eV, START eV: Zühr . In: Village and town churches in the Parchim parish. 2001 p. 224.
  14. ↑ Friedrich Schlie : The Kirchdorf Körchow. In: The art and historical monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. III. Volume, 1899 p. 84.
  15. ^ Paul Martin Romberg: Zühr, formerly Körchow near Wittenburg. Alt Meteln, 2015, p. 50.

Coordinates: 53 ° 26 '12.7 "  N , 11 ° 1' 38.9"  E