Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Essen-Burgaltendorf)
The Herz-Jesu-Kirche is a catholic, three-aisled basilica in the Burgaltendorf district of Essen . The neo-Romanesque sacred building has been a listed building since 1990.
The church building is open to visitors every day between 10:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.
history
prehistory
Before the Herz-Jesu-Kirche existed, the believers of the formerly independent community Altendorf (Ruhr), now Burgaltendorf, had to travel a long way to the branch church of St. Mauritius in neighboring Niederwenigern , which was first mentioned in 1147 . This belonged to the Deanery Wattenscheid in the Archdiocese of Cologne . To the parish Niederwenigern belonged, in addition to neighboring places like Byfang or Dahlhausen , also Altendorf. In 1859, St. Mauritius had to give way to a new building that was inaugurated in 1861 due to dilapidation. After some surrounding towns left the Niederwenigern parish, Altendorf followed in 1902 with the inauguration of the new Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.
Before the church was built
By 1890 the independent community of Altendorf already had over 2,000 Catholics, so that at the end of the year a church building association was founded, which at times had more than 700 members. 17 collective districts were introduced in the community, in which monthly funds were collected for a future church building. A collection was also made from the citizens of the surrounding towns, such as Byfang and Überruhr , as they would certainly also use the Altendorf church. On January 21, 1892, a 24,249 square meter plot of land belonging to Therese Wasserfuhr was purchased for 10,800 marks, on the southern part of which the church was finally built after the forest was cleared, and the northern part of which was intended for a cemetery.
Resistance to the planned church building in Altendorf came from Niederwenigern for financial reasons. According to plans by the architect Lambert von Fisenne (Gelsenkirchen), the Altendorf church was to be built in a Romanesque style. However, only parts of this project went beyond the assets of the church building association. It was stipulated in 1895 that building should only be carried out with the resources available, but that wealthy people would have to vouch as security for any excess, including Dr. Mölleney belonged. In September 1895, against the objections of Niederwenigern, the church council decided to have its own pastoral care center in Altendorf, to approve the costs of a clergy and to set up a cemetery. On May 6, 1896, the first of other regular church services took place in Altendorf in the Siepmann restaurant (today Worringstraße / corner Mölleneystraße), held by Vicar Heinrich Funke from Riemke . An emergency altar was brought from the St. Gertrudis Church in Essen. The cemetery was inaugurated on May 25, 1899.
Wilhelm Mölleney
The first chairman of the church building association was Wilhelm Mölleney, who on his 75th birthday received the honorary citizenship of the independent community Altendorf / Ruhr. After his father took over his practice, he was a doctor at the Catholic Elisabeth Hospital in neighboring Niederwenigern, head of the medical column and member of the community council. Mölleney died on March 23, 1913, an Easter Sunday. In 1925 the former Schulstrasse in Burgaltendorf was given the name Mölleneystrasse.
Church building
The church was to be built from Ruhr sandstone . For this purpose, two quarries were used in Niederwenigern, in which, among other things, miners worked free of charge after their shift and carts also picked up the stones, sometimes free of charge. In December 1893, an association for the procurement of paraments was founded, which, following the example of the church building association, collected money and also generated income through various events. The chairman of the church building association, Wilhelm Mölleney, also played an important role here.
On October 7, 1897, the vicariate general gave the building permission for the church, but contradicted the construction of a second tower and determined the timing. After the Oberbergamt Dortmund had no objections to the safety of the building site, the state building permit came from Berlin on February 7, 1898 . On August 20, 1898 the foundation stone of the branch church called Herz-Jesu was laid, followed by a speech by Wilhelm Mölleney.
However, construction began on the entire three-aisled basilica, including both towers. On April 16, 1900 (Easter Monday) the new church was blessed and the cross was carried in a solemn procession.
Extensions after completion
The entire sacred building cost 123,000 marks. The church building association collected a total of over 55,000 marks. Other income was, for example, church taxes, a donation of 4,000 marks from the Altendorf Protestant Association and a total of 5,000 marks from the Bonifatius Association.
In 1902 the organ, which cost more than 12,000 marks, was built in, but was not paid off until February 1909. It had 27 registers, two manuals and a pedal. The interior of the church was poor at first. After the pastor had collected money at the end of 1904, stones were laid on the poor concrete floor for the main course. In addition, the previously raw walls and pillars were simply painted, and in the same year the Marian altar. There were a total of 16 pews, nine of them on the women's side. An oak communion bench was donated for this purpose. In 1905, the high altar donated by Heinrich Schulte Holtey, worth 5,000 marks, was erected and the windows were installed in the choirs . Then more benches were added. In May 1909, the choir staircase and the altars were given marble steps for over 5,000 marks, which had been raised through donations .
The building of the rectory was decided on May 13, 1907, so that it was occupied on July 1, 1908. Around 18,300 marks were raised for this. In July 1911 the rectory and church got the first electric light. It was installed in the nave, in the side arches, on the organ stage, in front of the confessionals and on the outside staircase for 1,231 marks.
On September 30, 1913, construction began on the northern church tower, which until then, like the south tower, ended on the eaves. The north tower, including the 8,000 mark tower clock, was completed on December 21 of that year.
In 1921 the Catholic parish received a kindergarten, which was housed in the Brauksiepe room on Laurastraße. He later moved to the nurses' house on Hauptstrasse, which has been home to outpatient nursing care since 1921, looked after by three sisters, and a sewing school. A building with 30 apartments for the elderly has stood here since spring 1991. In 1923 the cemetery was expanded to the south, a year later the parish library opened and at the end of 1925 the new electric bell sounded for the first time. In 1928 the cemetery cross was erected by the sculptor Thelen from Essen, who donated a fountain to the cemetery.
The groundbreaking ceremony for the kindergarten took place on November 19, 1954, and the foundation stone was laid on December 28. The church inauguration of the kindergarten was on April 13, 1956. The new parish hall was handed over to the community on September 26, 1971. After renovating the entire cemetery, the new mortuary hall was inaugurated on August 19, 1984.
Renovations
A large number of defects that occurred required the first extensive repair measures, which were carried out from July 1932 to July 1933. After negotiations, the two mines Heinrich and Dahlhauser Tiefbau participated together with 5000 marks. The roof structure, which with its weight brought the main walls out of alignment due to insufficient bracing, had to be provided with ties and the walls had to be strengthened with lattice girders. Then a coffered ceiling was laid and the walls covered. The organ stage was expanded and the staircase was provided with an iron door. The brittle plaster of paris in the barrel vault had to be replaced and a broken arch in the north aisle had to be repaired.
The new Theodor shaft was sunk in 1934, after the old Charlotte IV shaft had been sunk a year earlier. From then on the colliery was called the Theodor colliery . When the ground was drained, mountain subsidence resulted, which not only caused cracks to appear in the western part of the church, but also caused the front portal to collapse. The main portal also had to be closed. People were not harmed.
In 1965 the church square on the north slope was leveled and planted. The facade of the church tower was renovated and a new tower clock and a loudspeaker system were installed in the church. One plot of land at the kindergarten was sold and another was acquired to expand the cemetery.
In 1972 extensive renovation work was carried out on the foundations and masonry of the church. From 1986 to 1988 the parish hall had to be renovated, the facade of the church damaged by environmental influences renovated and the entire belfry overhauled. A barrier-free access was also built into the right transept. In 1989 an extensive interior renovation followed. This was repainted, the lighting modernized and the lost and found first baptismal font was placed in the central nave. The three-year renovation resulted in costs that were paid for with funds from the diocese and around DM 300,000 in donations.
In July 1995 the old organ was dismantled and replaced by a new, larger one with 42 stops in four movements, three manuals and a pedal. It weighs seven tons on the organ stage and was inaugurated on March 3, 1996. In 2000 the parish hall was completely renovated and expanded.
Times of war
In the First World War , 40 Catholic parishioners had died by January 1, 1915, and exactly one year later there were 60 fallen, 12 missing and 15 prisoners. Their names were immortalized in 1926 on the warrior memorial altar in the parish church. After the end of the war, the male church choir, founded in 1896, was missing several voices, so that in 1920 it became a mixed choir.
During the Second World War , windows for the organ stage and the transept could be replaced in 1939 and at the end of 1940. A large crib could also be purchased for Christmas 1939. The services were shortened overall and were only possible at certain times outside of the air raid alarm. Vicar Wilhelm Sudhoff was drafted into military service in 1941. Vicar Schulte-Oversohl replaced him before he later had to join the military. From August 1942 to February 1943 no one could take on the work of a vicar. On April 9, 1945, a violent detonation in the vicinity caused the electricity to fail in the church. The fighting reached the area around the church on April 12, 1945. Almost all windows broke. But the church remained intact until the end of the war and unharmed inside. The White Flag has been waving at the tower since April 16. On April 22nd there was light again.
Parish
On September 28, 1902, the document about the establishment of the parish Altendorf was announced in the service. Since then, the former branch church has been a parish church and therefore independent of the Niederwenigern parish.
With the regional reform of 1970, when the municipality of Altendorf, previously part of the administrative district of Arnsberg , became the new Essen district of Burgaltendorf, the municipality moved from the dean's office in Hattingen to the new dean's office in Heisingen - Kupferdreh . The former Westphalian community now belongs to the Rhineland .
The declining number of believers and clergy made it necessary in 2000 to form a cooperation unit with the neighboring parishes of St. Suitbert and St. Maria Visitation in Überruhr .
The parish of the parish church Herz-Jesu Burgaltendorf existed until April 2008, when it was assigned to the newly created parish of St. Josef Essen Ruhr Peninsula in the dean's office for reasons of cost . Since the parish church of St. Josef was profaned in November 2013, the Herz-Jesu-Kirche has served as the parish church of the parish of St. Joseph.
organ
The organ of the Sacred Heart Church was built in 1996 by the organ building company Mönch (Überlingen). The instrument has 42 sounding registers (2815 pipes ) on three manuals and a pedal . The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions mechanical and electrical (double stop).
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- Coupling : I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P, III 4 '/ P
- Playing aids : electronic typesetting system , sequencer
Bells
In 1913, when the church tower was erected, the Otto bell foundry from Hemelingen / Bremen supplied four bronze bells. The bells had the chimes c - es - f - g and together weighed 4875 kg. The four donated church bells had to be given as a metal donation by the German people during the First World War . But after the war they were replaced by the gift of the following four chilled cast iron bells:
|
No. |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
Caster |
Casting year |
| 1 | c¹ | K. Richard Heinrich Ulrich, bell foundry in Apolda , Friedrich (I) Weule, Bockenem | 1920 |
| 2 | d¹ | K. Richard Heinrich Ulrich, bell foundry in Apolda, Friedrich (I) Weule, Bockenem | 1920 |
| 3 | e¹ | K. Richard Heinrich Ulrich, bell foundry in Apolda, Friedrich (I) Weule, Bockenem | 1920 |
| 4th | g¹ | K. Richard Heinrich Ulrich, bell foundry in Apolda, Friedrich (I) Weule, Bockenem | 1920 |
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Open churches and chapels ; accessed on June 27, 2019
- ↑ Zur Mönch Organ Building, Disposition ; accessed on September 23, 2016
- ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, especially page 519 .
- ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, especially p. 483 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).
- ↑ Excerpt from the Glockenbuch Essen, page 158 ( Memento of the original from September 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on September 23, 2016
Web links
- Sacred Heart Congregation ; Retrieved July 17, 2017
- Sacred Heart Church in the Essen list of monuments (PDF; 620 kB); Retrieved July 17, 2017
- Glasmalerei eV, Kath. Church Herz Jesu ; Retrieved July 17, 2017
- Entry on the parish church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in the database " KuLaDig " of the Rhineland Regional Association
Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 53.8 " N , 7 ° 6 ′ 52.4" E