Herzkämper Erbstollen
| Herzkämper Erbstollen | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| other names | Hertzkämper Erbstollen Herzkämper Stolln |
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| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1774 | ||
| End of operation | 1860 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 19 '59.4 " N , 7 ° 10' 55.3" E | ||
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| local community | Hattingen | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Ennepe-Ruhr district | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Herzkämper Erbstollen is a former Erbstollen in the Ruhr area . The tunnel was also known under the name Hertzkämper Erbstollen or Herzkämper Stolln . It was in Hattingen- Oberelferinghausen / Sprockhövel-Herzkamp. At 3800 meters, the Herzkämper Erbstollen was one of the longest in the entire Ruhr area.
history
The beginnings
In the second half of the 18th century the needed trades of the mines in the area Sprockhövel another Erbstollen to its mining concessions to solve . On March 10, 1773, permission to create the hereditary tunnel was granted. The tunnel resulted in a depth gain of 18 laughs compared to the Christsieper Erbstollen . The tunnel was planned for an approach length of 1,600 meters. The tunnel mouth hole was created in the Elfringhauser peasantry west of the Felderbach and a little above the Bitters Mühlenbach. Then the excavation of the tunnel began. The tunnel was driven from the Felderbachtal in an easterly direction. The tunnel was built with a width of 5/4 louvres and a height of 5/8 louvres without expansion . The excavation was carried out manually with mallets and irons and drills. A hauer managed to drive between three and six centimeters per shift. On October 7, the year 1774 was Erbstollenrecht to Mathias Spennemann called Diefhaus et Consorten, awarded . Spennemann was a large-scale trade and represented the Sieper & Mühler pits in this matter .
The further ascension
To the Erbstollen in the excavation to bewettern , were at a distance of about 300 m light holes geteuft . Due to the greater depth , the light holes were more complex to create than before with the Kreßsieper Erbstollen. However, the light holes also served to promote the excavated debris. The mining was carried out by means of Hunt . The hunt were transported from the tunnel to the next light hole by the miners . The transporter needed an average of 10 minutes from the tunnel location to the light hole, and back to the tunnel location he needed around nine minutes. One conveyor man managed to convey up to 80 wagons per shift. The hunt was emptied at the filling point . This fall process took about two minutes. The pile was then loaded into a conveying bucket and conveyed above ground. A hand reel was used as the drive for the conveyor device . On July 13 of the year 1784, the Erbstollen was by the head of the Mark Berg Revieres, the Baron von Stein , navigate . At this point in time the tunnel had driven 190 laughers. Vom Stein was praiseworthy for the forward-looking planning of the tunnel. In the period from 1796 to 1808, the hereditary tunnel was under the supervision of Obersteigers Agat. In the years up to 1820 the tunnel was driven further. In order to accelerate the further excavation, work was carried out simultaneously on two places between the years 1818 and 1820. In 1820 the light hole No. 12 was sunk. At the deepest point, the tunnel was excavated about 80 meters below the surface of the earth.
Operation of the gallery
The tunnel served to drain several mines in the Herzkämper Mulde . From 1822 the seams of the Sieper & Mühler pits and the Glückauf and Buschbank mines were loosened by the tunnel . In 1824 the Erbstollen became part of the Sieper & Mühler Gruben. Due to the deeper position of the tunnel, there were problems with ventilation when driving further. In 1827 four miners were killed by dull weather in the tunnel. In 1841 the tunnel reached its final length of 3800 meters. The Herzkämper Erbstollen disinherited the Kreßsieper Erbstollen after its completion. In 1860 the Herzkämper Erbstollen was in turn disinherited by the Dreckbänker Erbstollen .
Current condition
A part of the tunnel mouth hole is still preserved today from the tunnel. Although disinherited, mine water still flows through the Herzkämper Erbstollen . The water reaches the Ruhr via the Felderbach . A light hole in the tunnel is now part of the Herzkämper-Mulde-Weg .
The light hole at the Fahrentrappe farm is registered as a ground monument.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ^ Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: Schlebuscher Revier Bergbau in Wetter. Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1983, ISBN 3-922014-05-4 .
- ↑ a b c d Kurt Pfläging: The cradle of Ruhr coal mining. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, 4th edition, Essen 1987, ISBN 3-7739-0490-8
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Förderverein Bergbauhistorischer Ststätten Ruhrrevier eV, Sprockhövel Working Group (ed.): The trace of coal - Route 4 . The Herzkämper-Mulde-Weg; Hiking trail through the history of early mining with directions and a hiking map. Sprockhövel 2000.
- ^ A b c d Carl Johann Bernhard Karsten: Archives for mining and metallurgy. Seventh volume, published by G. Reimer, Berlin 1823
- ↑ a b Otto Hue: The miners. Historical representation of miners' conditions from the oldest to the most recent times, first volume, published by JHW Dietz Successor, Stuttgart 1910
- ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: mouth hole of the Herzkämper Erbstollen (accessed on May 30, 2013)
- ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/hattingen/in-der-erde-verborgene-denkmaeler-id11011178.html