Hory Matky Boží

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Hory Matky Boží
Hory Matky Boží does not have a coat of arms
Hory Matky Boží (Czech Republic)
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Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Plzeňský kraj
District : Klatovy
Municipality : Velhartice
Area : 106.4747 ha
Geographic location : 49 ° 16 '  N , 13 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 16 '4 "  N , 13 ° 26' 14"  E
Height: 676  m nm
Residents : 121 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code : 341 42
License plate : P
traffic
Street: Hlavňovice - Mokrosuky

Hory Matky Boží (German Bergstadtl , formerly Bergstadtl of our dear women ) is a district of the municipality of Velhartice in the Czech Republic . The former royal mountain town is four kilometers south of Kolinec and belongs to the Okres Klatovy .

geography

Town view from the south

Hory Matky Boží is located in the Svatoborská vrchovina ( Swatobor Mountains ), a sub-unit of the Šumavské podhůří ( Bohemian Forest Foreland ). The place is located on a ridge in the headwaters of the brook potok Hory Matky Boží, which is largely surrounded by the Ostružná in the west, north and east . The Kalvárie ( Bergstadtlberg , 726 m) and the Rovina (723 m) rise to the north, the Pavlínova hora (633 m) to the northeast, the V Kosách (636 m) to the southeast, the Přenýř (702 m) and the Křížovka ( 765 m), in the southwest of the Borek (859 m) and northwest of the Vrch (formerly Holubí vrch or Holub, 709 m).

Neighboring towns are Stary Ovčín, Nový Ovčín, Kolinec and Puchverk in the north, Pazderna, Čermná and Mokrosuky in the Northeast, Kašovice and Hradek in the east, Lešišov, Břetětice and Pozorka the southeast, Zdar, Svojšice, Maršovice and Cihelna in the south, Přestanice and Horni Stankov in the southwest, Drouhavec and Velhartice in the west and Konín, Tajanov and Ujčín in the northwest.

history

View of the Church of the Name of the Virgin from the northwest

After the discovery of an ore deposit in 1519, miners settled in the area belonging to Velhartice Castle . On November 19, 1519, Baltazar Bohuchvál was enfeoffed with the “St. Anna ”entered in the mountain book, a little later the“ Mother of God ”mine was awarded to Georg Popel von Lobkowicz . After the last-mentioned pit, the entire mining area was called the Mother of God Revier . The St. Christoph Erbstollen was driven to solve the two pits. The first written mention of the mining settlement Muttergottesberg near Welhartitz was made in 1520. On November 12, 1522, the settlement was raised to the royal mountain town of Montes Mariani or Muttergottesberg by Ludwig II at the request of the owner of the Velhartice estate, Oberstburggraf Zdeniek Lev von Rosental . He gave the city a coat of arms with the image of the Virgin Mary, market rights, the right to build city fortifications and to seal with red wax.

In the years that followed, numerous other mines opened and new galleries were built. The mining area extended at the eastern foot of the Křížovka to the south to the route from Pozorka to Ž ár. A silver smelter was built below the Křížovka in the 1520s. In 1551 the “Holy Trinity” and “St. Katharina ”. Mining had reached its heyday in the 1560s; In addition to silver and lead ores, copper ore and gold were also extracted to a lesser extent. The increasingly difficult dewatering meant that the lower mine workings had to be abandoned and flooded . In 1562 most of the mines were closed. In the course of time the city was also referred to as Hory Velhartické , Stříbrné Hory u Velhartic , Mariánské Hory , Městečko naší milé paní , Frauenstadtl and Bergstadl of Our Lady . King Ferdinand III. confirmed the city's privileges on August 28, 1637.

With the progressive decline of the mining industry, more and more miners migrated to northern Bohemia and the Příbram area. At the beginning of the 18th century mining was completely stopped. Since the corridors of the city were limited to the mining area and the agriculturally usable soils belonged to the surrounding villages, handicrafts formed the new livelihood for the residents of Bergstadtl. The focus was on the shoemaking trade . In the second half of the 18th century mining was resumed in the pits "Antonius von Padua" on the Holub and "Franz Seraphin" on the northern slope of the Křížovka, but was soon abandoned due to unprofitability and high costs for weather and water management . In the 1780s Bergstadtl our dear women consisted of 59 foods. On December 27, 1785, the privileges of the mining town were reaffirmed by Emperor Joseph II . Bergstadtl Unserer Lieben Frauen remained a free city until the middle of the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Hory Mother of God / Bergstadtl of Our Lady from 1850, a township in the judicial district Schüttenhofen. From 1868 the city belonged to the district of Schüttenhofen . At the beginning of the 20th century the city had 660 inhabitants. One of the tunnels on the Křížovka was cleared again in 1914; the open-air swimming pool is fed with the tunnel water.

1947 Drouhavec was umgemeindet from Maršovice to Hory Matky Boží. During this time Hory Matky Boží lost its town charter, the school was closed and the savings association was lifted. The onset of decline led to a strong migration. The pastor's position remained vacant. In the course of the abolition of Okres Sušice, Hory Matky Boží came to Okres Klatovy in 1960. In the same year Konín, which had previously belonged to the municipality of Ujčín, was added as a district. On January 1, 1980, Hory Matky Boží was incorporated into Velhartice. The shoemaker's cooperative ceased production in 1996. In 1991 Hory Matky Boží had 164 inhabitants. In 2001 the place consisted of 115 houses in which 121 people lived. In total, Hory Matky Boží consists of 146 houses.

Attractions

View of the church from the east
  • Church of the Name of the Virgin ( Kostel Jména Panny Marie ), the early Baroque building was probably built in 1637
  • Chapel of the Transfiguration of the Lord ( Kaple Proměnění Páně ) on Bergstadtlberg, it was built in 1842 in gratitude for the protection of the city from epidemics and fire. There is a well by the chapel, the water of which is said to come from the old mine workings. A pilgrimage is held in the chapel on the Sunday after August 6th.
  • Way of the Cross on the Bergstadtlberg, it was laid out in a ring around the pilgrimage chapel in 1863 and consists of 14 chapels
  • Local history museum, on the north side of the market in the former school, it was opened in 1995
  • Citizens Brewery
  • Nature trail on mining history, it was laid out in 2000 and leads over a length of four kilometers to 20 stations
  • There are about 30 mines around Hory Matky Boží

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/644994/Hory-Matky-Bozi
  2. ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Part 3: Prachiner Circle. Piskaczek, Prague 1786, p. 224 .
  3. ↑ http://www.czso.cz/csu/2009edicniplan.nsf/t/010028D080/$File/13810901.pdf

Web links

Commons : Hory Matky Boží  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files