Velhartice

Velhartice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Plzeňský kraj
District :	Klatovy
Area :	2721.6307 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 16 ' N , 13 ° 23' E Coordinates: 49 ° 15 '52 " N , 13 ° 23' 10" E
Height:	622 m nm
Residents :	834 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	341 42
License plate :	P
traffic
Street:	Čachrov - Kolinec
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	11
administration
Mayor :	Pavel Prosr (as of 2014)
Address:	Velhartice 134 ; 341 42 Kolinec
Municipality number:	557366
Website :	www.velhartice.cz

Velhartice (German Wellartitz , formerly Welhartitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eleven kilometers northwest of Sušice and belongs to the Okres Klatovy . The center of Velhartice was declared an urban monument reserve.

geography

Velhartice town center with the Church of Our Lady of the Cradle Festival and municipal office

Velhartice is located in the Strážovská vrchovina ( Drosauer Uplands ), a sub-unit of the Šumavské podhůří ( Bohemian Forest Foreland ). The core town is on the left bank of the Ostružná . In the north rises the Stříbrná (613 m), northeast of the Pahorek (613 m) and the Rovina (723 m), in the east the Kalvárie ( Bergstadtlberg , 726 m) and the Vrch (709 m), to the southeast the Křížovka (765 m) ), in the south of the Borek (859 m) and northwest of the Háj (777 m). Above the Bušek pond on the western slope of the Borek is the Veselice ski area with a lift. State road II / 171 runs two kilometers west of Velhartice between Sušice and Běšiny .

Neighboring towns are Malonice, Střítež, Sluhov and Jindřichovice to the north, Tajanov, Ujcin, Konin and Mokrosuky in the Northeast, Na Šlajfu, Drouhavec, Hory Mother of God , Pozorka and Zdar in the east, Horní Staňkov, Cihelna, Maršovice and Přestanice the southeast, Hlavňovice , Milínov, Radostice and Častonice in the south, Zahálka, Stojanovice, Kouklovna and Chotěšov in the southwest, Nemilkov in the west and Tvrdoslav, Chrástov, V Jamách, Úloh and Javoří in the northwest.

history

Velhartice was built on an old trading path from Bohemia to Bavaria . Between 1290 and 1310 Bohumil von Budětice had the Velhartice castle built. The first written mention of Vilhartice was in 1318 as the property of Bušek von Welhartitz . The Czech onomastic Profous assumes that the original place name was Wilhartsdorf and that the place name can be traced back to a locator with the German name Wilhart. The chamberlain of Margrave Karl accompanied him to Italy in 1331, and in 1337 he died in Merano . The next owner was his son of the same name, who also entered the service of Charles IV as chamber master from 1352 . Around 1371 his son Johann inherited the rule. In the founding document of the Church of St. Maria Magdalena Velhartice was first referred to as a town in 1373. Johann von Welhartitz had no male offspring; his eldest daughter Katharina was with Johann d. Ä. von Neuhaus married, her younger sister Anna with his nephew Meinhard von Neuhaus.

After the death of Johann von Welhartitz, half of the rule fell to his two sons-in-law in 1390. After Meinhard von Neuhaus died in 1391, his widow Anna married Wenzel von Wartenberg . In 1395 Anna von Wartenberg, who had previously been asked to resign by Ulrich von Rosenberg , sold her half of the rule to Johann the Elder. Ä. from Neuhaus. His son Meinhard von Neuhaus , who had inherited Velhartice in 1417, granted the town privileges in 1444, including the right of repudiation . He had the castle expanded and the Bohemian imperial regalia temporarily kept there. In 1449 Meinhard's son Ulrich von Neuhaus took over the rule, but he died four years later. The guardian of the minor heirs, Zdenko von Sternberg , then sold Velhartice to Diepold von Riesenberg . In 1506, Zdeniek Lev von Rosental acquired the rule of Diepold's descendants, he started mining for silver and founded the royal mountain town of Muttergottesberg . For the town of Velhartice he obtained the royal privilege to hold two annual fairs . In 1511 part of the town burned down. Zdeniek's son Adam Lev von Rosental could not hold the rule due to excessive indebtedness and sold it to Adam von Sternberg in 1540 . Due to mismanagement, the rule was divided in 1560. In the next division in 1589 Heinrich Plansky von Seeberg acquired Velhartice Castle with part of the lordship. His grandson Johann Viktorin Plansky von Seeberg sold Velhartice in 1597 to Wolf Gotthard Pergler von Perglas . Because of his participation in the class uprising of 1618 , the goods of his son Wenzel Ottokar Pergler were confiscated by Perglas after the battle of the White Mountain and in 1622 handed over to the imperial field marshal Baltasar of Marradas as pledge. In 1628 the Bohemian Chamber sold the rule to the imperial colonel Martin de Hoeff Huerta. He had a Renaissance palace built as his seat within the old castle and a brewery in the outer bailey. De Hoeff Huerta let his subjects recatholize, the Velhartice citizens could buy their way out of the Robot. In 1637 de Hoeff's adopted daughter Anna Maria von Moldau inherited the rule. In 1653 the Carmelite monastery on the Lesser Town in Prague bought the Velhartice manor, but sold it to Franz Račín of Račín in the same year. Then the owners of the rule changed in quick succession. In 1743 the Counts Desfours acquired the rule, they had a paper mill set up east of Velhartice on the Ostružná. In 1813 Messrs. Sturmfeder von Oppenweiler became owners of the Velhartice estate. Karl Sturmfeder von Oppenweiler had the castle ruins secured in 1848 and turned into a romantic ruin. Until the middle of the 19th century, the submissive town of Velhartice was the official seat of the Velhartice manor.

After the abolition of patrimonial Velhartice / Welhartitz formed a market town in the judicial district of Schüttenhofen from 1850. In 1865 a second paper mill was built near Velhartice. From 1868 Velhartice belonged to the Schüttenhofen district . A post office was opened the following year. In 1880 Velhartice had about 1100 inhabitants. A leather goods factory and tannery was founded in 1882 by a Jewish entrepreneur. Around 1930, the Henneberg-Spiegel family had the Huerta wing of the castle restored by the architect Karel Pečánek. During the German occupation , all 19 Jewish residents of Velhartice were victims of the Holocaust . After the Second World War, the Henneberg-Spiegel family was expropriated. In 1947 Stojanovice was umgemeindet from Milínov to Velhartice. In 1957 a potato breeding station was founded in Velhartice, which continues today as VESA Velhartice. At that time, a plastic press shop was set up in the former leather goods factory. At the end of the 1950s, the electrification of the place was completed. In the course of the abolition of the Okres Sušice, Velhartice came to the Okres Klatovy in 1960 . At the same time, the district of Stojanovice was assigned to the municipality of Chotěšov. In the following years the culture house and the recreation area at the Bušek pond were built. On April 30, 1976 Chotěšov (with Jarkovice, Radvanice and Stojanovice) and Nemilkov (with Braníčkov and Tvrdoslav) were incorporated. On January 1, 1980, Hory Matky Boží was incorporated (with Drouhavec and Konín).

Community structure

The municipality of Velhartice consists of the districts Braníčkov ( Branitschau , also Branitschkow ), Chotěšov ( Kotieschau , also Kotieschow ), Drouhavec ( Drauhau , also Drohau ), Hory Matky Boží ( Bergstadtl ), Jarkovice ( Jarkilowitz ), Konín ( Konin ), Nemilkov ( Nemelkau ), Radvanice ( Radwanitz ), Stojanovice ( Stojanowitz , also Steinowitz ), Tvrdoslav ( Droslau ) and Velhartice ( Wellartitz ). Basic settlement units are Braníčkov, Chotěšov, Drouhavec, Hory Matky Boží, Nemilkov, Radvanice, Stojanovice, Tvrdoslav and Velhartice. Velhartice also includes the hamlets and layers of Chrástov ( Chrastow ), Hamr ( hammer smithy ), Kouklovna, Na Šlajfu, Pohodnice, U Livařů, V Jamách [near Nemilkov], V jamách [near Velhartice] and Zahálka ( Zahalka ) as well as the desert ( Makow ).

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Chotěšov u Velhartic, Drouhavec, Hory Matky Boží, Nemilkov, Radvanice u Chotěšova, Stojanovice and Velhartice.

Attractions

Ruins of Velhartice Castle , southeast of Velhartice on a rock spur above the Ostružná
Church of Our Lady of the Cradle in Velhartice, built at the transition from the 12th to the 13th century
Rectory
Fountain in the market square
Cemetery Church of St. Maria Magdalena, southwest of Velhartice, built in 1373
Jewish cemetery in the forest near Kouklovna, it was laid out in 1858 and consists of about 60 tombstones. The last burial took place in 1934.
Niche chapel in the garden of the municipal office
Statue of St. John of Nepomuk in the southeastern part of the village
Werichova chata in Na Šlajfu, in 1938 the actor and author Jan Werich bought the holiday home next to the paper mill and the sawmill on the Ostružná and built according to plans by the architect František Zelenka for 27,000 crowns from the Hanzík family. Werich liked to come to the relaxing hut. During his last stay in 1980, the artist, suffering from cancer, was taken to the hospital unconscious and died shortly after his return to Prague.
Former synagogue , the classicist building was built in 1845 and used by the Jewish community for religious purposes until the German occupation. In 1950 the building was converted into a fire station with a granny flat above
House number 118, former Jewish school, next to the synagogue
Watermill V jamách , west of Velhartice
Wellartitzer Linden ( Velhartické lípy ), the two 200- and 300-year-old summer linden trees , which have been protected as tree monuments since 1985, are on the northern edge of the village near the rectory. Both trees have a height of 24 m, their trunk circumference is 4 and 2.60 m.