Modrava
| Modrava | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Klatovy | ||||
| Area : | 8163.4588 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 1 ' N , 13 ° 30' E | ||||
| Height: | 985 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 75 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 342 92 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Kvilda - Srní | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 3 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Antonín Schubert (as of 2014) | ||||
| Address: | Modrava 63 341 92 Kašperské Hory |
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| Municipality number: | 542148 | ||||
| Website : | www.sumavanet.cz/modrava/ | ||||
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Modrava (German Mader ) is a Czech municipality in the Bohemian Forest in Okres Klatovy .
geography
Modrava is located 13 kilometers south of the town of Kašperské Hory on the border with Germany . In the united Modravský Potok (Mader Bach) , Roklanský Potok (Rachel Bach / Big Müller Bach) and Filipohuťský Potok (Philipp Hüttenbach / Hanifbach) to Vydra . To the northeast rise the Sokol ( Antigelberg , 1253 m), the Jelení vrch ( Kainzenberg , 1176 m) and the Březová hora ( Birkenberg , 1193 m), in the east the Tetřev ( Hanefberg , 1260 m), southeast the Lovčí skála ( Steinköpfel , 1165 m), the Čertův vrch (1244 m) and the Černá hora ( Schwarzberg , 1315 m), in the south the Malá Mokrůvka ( moor head , 1330 m), the Velká Mokrůvka ( Great Moor Mountain , 1370 m) and the Lusen (1373 m) ), to the southwest the Studená hora ( cold perennials , 1298 m), the Modravská hora ( Plohausen , 1156 m), the Špičník ( Spitzberg , 1351 m) and the Blatný vrch ( Plattenhausenriegel , 1376 m) and in the northwest the Oblík ( Steiningberg , 1227 m) and the Adamova hora ( Adamsberg , 1077 m).
history
Modrava originated in the forests of the Stubenbach manor on the old Goldener Steig trade route as a settlement for fishermen. The first written mention of the settlement consisting of individual huts and not permanently inhabited took place in 1614 in connection with the leasing of the fishery in the fish-rich Maderbach . In 1617, King Matthias II allowed the mules , who no longer reached the royal city of Bergreichenstein during the day, to graze the pack animals in Mader free of charge . From 1757 Mader grew into a scattered settlement inhabited by fishermen and hunters . In the 18th century, as in the entire region, the glass industry dominated . In 1799, Count Joseph Kinsky sold the Stubenbach estate to Joseph II von Schwarzenberg . In the same year he had his forest engineer Joseph Rosenauer project the Chinitz-Tettau alluvial canal for the economic exploitation of the wealth of wood of the rulership . From the beginning of the 19th century, with the beginning of intensive logging, lumberjacks settled down. At the beginning of the 19th century the woodcutter settlements of Josefstadt and Pürstling were built in the woods . The Chinitz-Tettau alluvial canal, which begins below the village, was used for wood drift from 1801 to 1958 . In 1827 Joseph II von Schwarzenberg sold the old board saw, including the Moder settlement, to the Warnsdorf entrepreneur Franz Bienert, who had been processing spruce from the area into resonance wood for musical instruments there since 1826 . Bienert then expanded the sawmill into a resonance wood factory. In addition, the princes of Schwarzenberg built a hunting lodge; the half-timbered building with turrets is now used as the Bienertova pila guesthouse . In 1832 Franz Bienert u. a. a ten-year privilege for the sole production of resonance wood in the monarchy.
In 1838 Moder or Mader , also called Moderhäuser , consisted of six houses with 39 inhabitants. Two of these houses belonged to the Neustadln court in Waldhwoz . In the village there was a kk private soundboard factory, a mill, an inn, a forester's house and a border guard barracks. The parish was Aussergefild ; the houses to the left of the Großmüllerbach ( Modrava 1.díl ) were parish to Stubenbach. Until the middle of the 19th century, Moder remained subservient to Stubenbach.
After the abolition of patrimonial Mader formed from 1850 a district of the community of Stubenbach or Stadlern II. Share in the judicial district of Bergreichenstein. At that time, between 50 and 100 people were employed in the Bienertsäge and the forest. In 1855 Franz Bienert founded another resonance wood factory in Tusset . From 1868 Mader belonged to the district of Schüttenhofen , in 1873 the village was assigned to the newly formed court district of Hartmanitz . The wind breaks of 1868 and 1870 destroyed a large part of the old trees in the Bohemian Forest, so that Franz Bienert's widow, who ran the two companies after her husband's death, had to have the logs required for the production of resonance wood come from afar. At the same time, with Bienert's death, his sole manufacturing privileges had expired, which meant that the widow had to assert herself against increasing competition. In 1871 she sold both resonance wood factories to Prince Schwarzenberg, who in 1880 had production in the Bienertsäge stopped and relocated to Tusset. He had the office building of the Bienertsäge converted into a hunting lodge. In 1924 the Club of Czech Tourists (KČT) had the Klostermann-Baude built according to plans by Bohuslav Fuchs .
In 1924 Philippshütten, Preisleiten, Pürstling, Mader and Rachelhütte broke away from Stubenbach and formed their own community, which was initially called Preisleiten. In 1934 the community name was changed to Filipova Huť / Philippshütten . In the same year a Czech minority school with a kindergarten was opened; the school building is today's Hotel Modrava. After the Munich Agreement , Mader was added to the German Empire. From 1939 to 1945 the village belonged to the Bavarian district of Bergreichenstein . After the Second World War , the village lost almost all of its mostly German-speaking residents. Due to the proximity to the border, most of them fled before the evictions reached the place. In 1948 Modrava was incorporated into Horská Kvilda and assigned to Okres Vimperk. In the course of the territorial reform of 1960, the municipality of Modrava was formed and assigned to the Okres Klatovy . On January 1st, 1980 Modrava was incorporated into Srní . The municipality of Modrava has existed again since November 24, 1990.
Community structure
The municipality of Modrava consists of the districts Filipova Huť ( Filippshütten , also Philippshütten ), Modrava ( Mader ) and Vchynice-Tetov II ( Chinitz-Tettau 2 , formerly Maderhäuser ). Basic development units are Filipova Huť, Javoří Pila ( Ahornsäge ) Modrava, Roklanský Les ( Rachel forest ) and Vchynice-Tetov II. For Modrava also includes the monolayer Březník ( Pürstling ) Palečkovna, Roklanská Hájenka ( Rachel hut ) Rybárna and Tetov ( Tettau ).
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts Filipova Huť, Javoří Pila, Roklanský Les and Vchynice-Tetov II. The core town is divided into the cadastral districts Filipova Huť, Javoří Pila and Roklanský Les. The desert areas Josefstadt , Preisleiten and Rybárna ( fishermen's huts ) are located in the municipality .
Nature and tourism
West of Modrava toward Rachel are the Maderer felts (Modravská slať), the largest raised bog complex of the Bohemian Forest with the since 1933 the protected bogs Rokytská slat' (Weitfäller felt) , Rybárenská slat' (Fischerfilz) and Mlynářská slat' (Müllerschachtelfilz) . The 3615 hectare nature reserve with the surrounding forests with a significant population of capercaillie forms the core area of the Šumava National Park which is inaccessible to visitors . The felts represent a large water reservoir that primarily feeds the Rachelbach. The Tříjezerní slať (Dreiseenfilz) , a 19-hectare high moor north-west of the village, is accessible via a boardwalk .
The mountain spruce forests south of Modrava have been destroyed by a bark beetle calamity since 1995 , they have been left to natural reforestation . The historic Blue Columns (Modrý sloup) border crossing on the Lusen was not passable for reasons of capercaillie protection even after the fall of the Iron Curtain and the Czech Republic's accession to the Schengen Agreement . From 2009 to 2013 a provisional border crossing for hikers was set up not far on the Kleiner Spitzberg, which was open every year from July 15 to November 15. There are cross-country skiing trails and ski lifts in the Modrava area .
Attractions
- Former Bienertova pila , the half-timbered building with turrets now serves as a guesthouse
- Klostermannbaude ( Klostermannova chata ), built in 1924 by the KČT according to plans by Bohuslav Fuchs . After the Second World War, it served as a rest home for the Škoda Works in Pilsen until 1995 . The cultural monument was reconstructed from 2000 and is now a recreational object.
- Former Rachel hut ( Roklanská hájenka ), built in 1936 by the KČT based on plans by Karel Houra. The dilapidated cottage is now in the inaccessible core area of the Šumava National Park.
- Chinitz-Tettau alluvial canal
- Rechel Bridge
Personalities
The writer Karel Klostermann described Modrava in several stories, including Ze světa lesních samot (From the world of forest loneliness) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/542148/Modrava
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Volume 8: Prachiner Circle. Calve, Prague 1840, p. 261 .
- ↑ Vyhláška ministra vnitra ze dne 23. ledna 1935 o změnách úředních názvů měst, obcí, osad a částí osad, povolených v roce 1934
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/542148/Obec-Modrava
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/542148/Obec-Modrava
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/542148/Obec-Modrava
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-casti-obce/097870/Cast-obce-Modrava