Dešenice
| Dešenice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Klatovy | ||||
| Area : | 3,138.7488 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 16 ' N , 13 ° 10' E | ||||
| Height: | 505 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 698 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 340 21-340 24 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Nýrsko - Čachrov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Plzeň – Železná Ruda | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | Městys | ||||
| Districts: | 9 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jan Rejfek (as of 2014) | ||||
| Address: | Dešenice 1 340 22 Nýrsko |
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| Municipality number: | 556041 | ||||
| Website : | www.sumavanet.cz/desenice/ | ||||
Dešenice (German Deschenitz ) is a minority in the Czech Republic . It is located three kilometers southeast of Nýrsko and belongs to the Okres Klatovy .
geography
Dešenice is located in the northern foothills of the Küni Mountains ( Královský Hvozd ). The town lies to the right of the Dešenický potok ( Kautzenwasser ) stream on the edge of the Šumava nature reserve and is traversed by the Želivský potok ( timber stream ). The U Ramene (723 m) rises to the northeast, the Želivský vrch ( timber , 770 m) to the east and the Křížový vrch ( Kreuzberg , 810 m) to the southeast . The Nýrsko drinking water reservoir is to the southwest . Dešenice is bypassed in a large loop in the east and south by the railway line Železná Ruda – Plzeň , the Dešenice stop is located on the northeastern edge of the village opposite the cemetery.
Neighboring towns are Bystřice nad Úhlavou and Hodousice in the north, Blata, Žiznětice, U Weinbauerů, Zahorčice and Krotějov in the north-east, Želiv, U Stojzů, Patraska, Dešeníčky and Divišovice in the east, Oldřichovice, Děhice and Bélovice in the south-east, Oldřichovice, Děháchez in the south-east , Zelená Lhota, Kollerův Kostel and Hamerský Dvůr in the south, Gubrův Dvorec, Na Lesní Louce and Stará Lhota in the south-west, Milence in the west and Nýrsko in the north-west.
history
The first written mention of Deschenicz comes from the year 1272, at that time the fortress was the seat of the knight Rudgerus de Deschenicz . The church was built around 1350. In 1379 the fortress Dešenice with the villages Dešenice, Milence, Matějovice, Žíznětice, Březí, Třebov, Děpoltice and Datelov belonged to the Racek von Deschenitz. There is evidence of a pastor in Deschenitz since 1384. Subsequent owners of the estate were Ulrich von Pabienitz from 1414 and Ctibor von Deschenitz from 1452. Between 1551 and 1555 the Lords of Deschenitz sold the Dešenice fortress with the villages of Dešenice, Zelená Lhota, Děpoltice and Žíznětice to Trystan von Předenice. The brewery was first mentioned in 1572. From 1590 Adam von Předenice owned the rule; he was followed in 1595 by his son-in-law Wilhelm Tluksa von Wraby. The first news about the Deschenitz parish school dates back to 1593. During the Thirty Years' War the parish of Deschenitz became Protestant. The owner of the Bystřice nad Úhlavou estate, Dionys Heinrich Kotz von Dobrz , had the Protestant pastor expelled from Deschenitz around 1630 and the Catholic pastor from Neuern appointed as administrator of the pastoral office.
In the berní rula of 1654, seven farmers, ten gardeners and four Chalupners are reported for Deschenitz. Adam Tluksa von Wraby owned the estate with the villages of Dešenice, Zelená Lhota, Matějovice, Kreuzberg, Děpoltice, Starý Láz, Žíznětice and Městiště at that time. The lower jurisdiction of Deschenitz was subject to 112 subject and 40 free persons. In 1670 Eva Maria Wrabsky, née Lažansky von Buggau, who administered the estates Deschenitz, Drahenitz and Hoschowitz for her underage son Rudolf, appointed a pastor again with Ignaz Lohner; the parish priest included the villages Děpoltice, Zelená Lhota, Hojsova Stráž, Matějovice and Žížnětice as well as part of Hamry . In 1686 Rudolf Wrabsky von Wraby sold the Deschenitz estate to Wilhelm Albrecht Kolowrat -Krakowsky, who did not live in the festivals himself. A new rectory was built below the church at the beginning of the 18th century. According to the land register of 1708, five mills, four sawmills, a sheep farm and five ponds belonged to the estate. Wilhelm Kolowrat-Krakowsky had the church repaired and rebuilt in 1720 and the fortress in 1729. In 1757 the Counts Kolowrat-Krakowsky joined the Deschenitz rule to the Bistritz an der Angel. Deschenitz consisted of 52 houses in 1772, five of which were inhabited by Jewish families. In 1843 the village had 1252 inhabitants. Until the middle of the 19th century, Deschenitz was the official village of the Deschenitz estate.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Deschenitz / Desenice 1850 with the districts timber , Kautzen , Kreuzberg and motto joke / Matějovice a municipality in the judicial district moderns. The synagogue was consecrated in 1866. From 1868 the community belonged to the Klattau district . In 1873 the imperial and royal privileged railway Pilsen – Priesen began building the railway from Neuern to Markt Eisenstein . After the completion of the Spitzberg tunnel , the first train passed Deschenitz on October 22, 1877; the place only received a stop in 1882. The post office was established in 1875. Four houses burned down in the great fire of 1896. In 1906 the new cemetery was built north of the village. In 1921 Deschenitz had 958 inhabitants. In the same year Mottowitz and Kreuzberg broke up and formed their own community. The Czech form of the name Dešenice was introduced in 1924. In 1925 a Czech minority school was opened. The Kolowrat-Krakowsky family sold the Deschenitzer brewery to the Staab stock brewery in 1928 . In 1930 there were 978 people living in Deschenitz. After the Munich Agreement , Deschenitz was annexed to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the district of Markt Eisenstein between 1939 and 1945 . In 1939, 911 people lived in the market town of Deschenitz. After World War II, Dešenice returned to Czechoslovakia and most of the German residents were expelled. In 1946 the brewery was shut down.
The festival was nationalized in 1948 and then served as a state property. Matějovice and Křížový Vrch were incorporated in 1947. In 1950 Dešenice lived 550 people. In 1969 the Nýrsko drinking water dam was built in the Úhlava Valley. On July 1 On July 1, 1975 the incorporation of Milence and Žiznětice took place. At the beginning of 1976 Děpoltice (with Datelov, Divišovice, Městiště and Oldřichovice) was incorporated. A culture house opened in 1982. The municipality has belonged to the cross-border action group Künisches Gebirge / Akčního sdružení Královský hvozd since 2000 . On October 10, 2006, Dešenice's status was renewed as Městys . In 2008 the core town of Dešenice had 446 inhabitants.
Community structure
The Market town Dešenice consists of the local and Katastralbezirken Datelov ( Todlau ) Děpoltice ( Depoldowitz ) Dešenice ( Deschenitz ) Divišovice ( Diwischowitz ) Matějovice ( Motto wit ) Městiště ( Dorrstadt ) Milence ( Millik ) Oldřichovice ( Olchowitz ) and Žiznětice ( Schiessnetitz ). To Dešenice also include the Weiler Dešeníčky ( Kautzen ), the monolayer Bláhoský Mlýn ( Blahamühle ) Březí, Datelovský Mlýn, Na Drahách, Na Ovčím Vrchu, Na Zahradách, U Kryštofů, U Malátů, U Weinbauerů, Vaninský Dvůr and Želiv ( timber ) and the Křížový Vrch ( Kreuzberg ) desert .
Attractions
- Church of St. Nikolaus, the early Gothic building was built around 1350 and was elevated to a parish church in 1384
- Feste Dešenice at the upper end of the market square, the 13th century water festival was redesigned in 1729 under Prokop Kolowrat-Krakowsky to a castle surrounded by a high wall. There are well-preserved vaulted cellars under the complex that are used for exhibitions.
- Well, in front of the festival in Dešenice market, it was repaired in 1931 and provided with a water jet and a stone bowl
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk on the Dešenice market, it was created around 1736.
- former synagogue (No. 49), it was built in the years 1865–1866 in place of an old Jewish prayer house and also housed a Jewish school. It was used until the 1930s, after the Second World War the building was converted into a residential building.
- Touching stone in the wall of the fortress next to the statue of St. Johannes von Nepomuk, created by Alois Öllinger as part of the Künisches Gebirge sculpture project
- Chapel of St. John of Nepomuk, in the forest south of Dešenice on the way to Zelená Lhota
- Městišťská rokle nature reserve
Individual evidence
- ↑ uir.cz
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. bay_markteisen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ uir.cz
- ↑ uir.cz
