Desfours

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the Counts of Desfours

Desfours (also des Fours ; Desfoursové in Czech ) is an old, originally Lorraine aristocratic family who turned to Bohemia in the 16th century . The family's ancestral home is in Athienville (also Adienville ) between Lunéville and Chateau-Salins . After Wallenstein's death in 1634, the imperial field marshal Nikolaus von Desfour rose to the rank of count with an imperial diploma on May 30, 1634 .

history

In the middle of the 17th century, the Counts Desfours owned the manors of Gross-Rohosetz and Morchenstern . Count Albrecht Maximilian brought this property into a family fideikommiss in 1678 , which remained in the family's possession until 1945. The branches of the Desfours-Walderode are later derived from the family . The family also owned, among others, Bodenstadt (1797–1945), Kleinskal (1628), Semil (1634), Tannwald , Welhartitz (1743) and Náchod (1786–1791).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Counts of Desfours
 Blazon : “1634: Divided; above in gold a double-crowned black double-headed eagle; below in blue a red rafter, underneath a hexagonal gold star, on the right and left a golden griffin foot emerging from the edge of the shield. Five helmets with red and silver covers ; Crests : 1. an armored sword arm with a rider's pistol; 2. three flags flying to the right; 3. a golden griffin head; 4. the three flags; 5. an armored sword arm with a golden cross hilt. Shield holder: two crowned golden lions (looking inwards) with swords in their paws. "

Overview of the trunk line

Louis von Desfours zu Montville and Adienville (* approx. 1543; † 1613) served Rudolf II . He had two sons:

  1. Jean / Johann von Desfours to Montville and Adienville
    1. Anna († 1673); 1. Marriage to Nicholas de Noreyll († 1641); 2. Marriage to Francois Claude Iselin Baron de Lanau
    2. Jean / Johann (As commander of the " Cürassier Regiment Des Fours ", made jointly responsible for the failure of this in the Battle of Breitenfeld , brought before a court martial and executed in Prague on June 10, 1643. )
    3. Louis
  1. Nikolaus von Desfours (* approx. 1588; † December 5, 1661 at Castle Rohosez), imperial field marshal lieutenant , received several goods from his possession after Wallenstein's murder in 1634. Wallenstein expressed himself very disparagingly about Nikolaus during his lifetime, because he disliked his brutal actions against the country and civilian population. Quote: De Fur, it is a plague there, because it promotes all disorder and robbery and has done more damage than the whole army ... He married Anna Eufemie, Countess von Eggenberg , Countess von Eggenberg (noble family ) , in 2nd marriage on October 14, 1642 also in Vienna Barbara Margareta, Countess Khuen von Belasi and Lichtenberg († October 19, 1674 in Prague)
    1. Marie Eleonora (1636-1638)
    2. František Klaudius Michael (1643–1644)
    3. Marie Margareta (baptized July 21, 1645 in Prague; † September 2, 1672 in Radenín Castle), daughter from the second marriage of the father, 1658 (or 1662) married to Hermann Wenzel (Franz) (Heřman Václav (František)) Imperial Count (from 1660) Czernin von und zu Chudenitz at Radenin , Choustník Castle and Neuschloß , (* about July 22, 1634, † June 24, 1683, born in Turnov ). Her dowry was Klein-Rohozec (near Turnov), which fell to her husband after her death in 1672.
    4. Albrecht Maximilian I, Count von Desfours , son of the first marriage of the father and heir to his possessions Pruhonitz ( Průhonice Castle ), Prawonin and Czaslawsko near Tschaslau (born August 3, 1629, † January 15, 1683 in Prague), married in 1. Marriage in Vienna on January 14, 1651 with Countess Anna Serafína Sophie von Wolkenstein-Rodenegg (noble family) (born May 19, 1622 in Innsbruck ; † January 25, 1663, according to another source 1651 in Malá Skála (?)). This marriage was without offspring; in 2nd marriage on April 5, 1663 with Marie Polyxena Anna, Countess von Schönfeld (* 1641; † December 14, 1697 in Prague), from which 3 sons and 3 daughters come.
  • Of the daughters, Barbara Eufemia died unmarried on May 21, 1712; Ludmilla Theresia on December 14, 1735 as a Carmelite nun, 66 years old and Anna Polixena, * 1675, married in 1698 to Johann Georg Graf Clary and Aldringen (+ January 1702), she outlived her husband by 25 years.
  • Of the sons, Albrecht II. Max Anton Count von Desfours (1671–7 August 1732) was the founder of the Rohozec line, which went out in 1831 with Franz Anton Count Des-Fours in the male line.
  • Mathias Wenzel Josef Count Des-Fours , married in 1698 to Countess Polixena Elisabeth Hartmann von Klarstein, was the founder of two further lines, one in Bohemia and one in Moravia. One of his descendants was Franz Wenzel, died in 1809 zu Oedenburg in Hungary, Imperial Chamberlain and Major General, married in first marriage to Countess Antonie Walderode-Eckhausen, died in 1776, from whom he had the son Josef, who in 1798 was named after his maternal grandfather Johann, the last Count Walderode von Eckhausen inherited the Walderod'sche Fideikommiss and allodial assets and united the name and the coat of arms of the Walderode with his; The extinct line came from the second marriage with Barbara, who died in Oedenburg in 1817, Countess Szechenyi, widowed Countess Forgacs.

More name bearers

  • Carl Joseph, Count of Desfours zu Mont- and Adienville , Lord of Gross- and Klein-Rohosetz, Imperial and Royal Chamberlain, Appeal Council at the Prague Castle, (1701–1775) * Franz Anton I, Count of Desfours (1730–1822 )
  • Ferdinand Ignaz Magnus Count of Desfours zu Mont and Athienville (1677–1753), Lord of Semil and Radonin, was married to Maria Theresia Polyxena Freiin von Sporck (noble family) . Their daughter Maria Anna Theresia (born August 1, 1706 in Prague; April 19, 1745 in Tabor ) was married in Chaustnik on February 5, 1723 with Count Wenzel Franz von Millesimo, called del Caretto, from the house of the Margraves of Savona.
  • Johann Wenzel Franz, Count of Desfours (* September 4, 1713; † 1741)
  • Johann Nepomuk Ferdinand, Count von Desfours (1699–1757), Lord on Laschan, Hradeck and Mokrosint
  • Joachim Maximilian Josef, Count von Desfours , (1702–1749), Imperial and Royal Rittmeister
    • Friedrich, Count of Desfours (1731–1814)
    • Joseph, Count of Desfours (1730–1811)
  • Franz Josef Desfours zu Mont and Achienville (born August 8, 1765 in Prague, † August 8, 1823 in Eperjes, Hungary) Austrian major general , commander of a Moravian-Silesian hunter battalion.
  • Joseph Adalbert von Desfours (* April 25, 1734; † June 5, 1791), imperial-royal captain, was awarded the rule of Nachod in Eastern Bohemia after the death of the childless Duke Josef Parille Piccolomini in 1783 following an inheritance dispute . After Joseph Adalbert's death in 1791, the Náchod estate was acquired by auction by Peter von Biron , Duke of Courland and Semgallia .

The Desfours-Walderode line

  1. Franz Clemens Wenzel von Desfours (born September 10, 1739 in Zbehy, † November 18, 1809 in Sopron (Ödenburg)), Imperial and Royal Chamberlain and Major General,
    1st marriage on February 15, 1764 in Prague with
    Countess Antonie von Walderode and von Eckhausen (June 14, 1740; † June 17, 1776 in Prague)
    2nd marriage on August 17, 1777 in Kopháza with
    Barbara Countess von Szechenyi (born March 2, 1753 in Széplak; † November 6, 1817 in Ödenburg )

From the 1st marriage of Franz Clemens von Desfours to Antonie there are four children:

  • Franziska Maria von Desfours (* December 22, 1764 - † May 7, 1814)
  • Anton von Desfours (born February 10, 1766 - † June 23, 1790)
  • Franziska von Desfours (* around 1774)
  • Joseph Graf von Desfours-Walderode zu Mont and Athienville, Baron von Eckhausen (* March 22, 1772, † November 20, 1838) inherited after the expiry of the Franz Anton Des-Fours'schen line (1831) the majorat Rohosec and Morchenstern, which was united with the Wallerrod'schen. Both of his grandchildren divided the entails in 2 lines. The 1st line received the old Des-Fours'sche Fideikommiss Rohosec and Morchenstern in Bohemia, the Gräflich Walderod'sche Pecunialfideikommiss and the Des-Fours'Walderod'sche Cadettenfondsgut Kretin; the 2nd line in Moravia received the Fideikommiss rule Bodenstadt with Liebenthal and the Drinov estate with Urchostavic. Joseph was in Erfurt in his first marriage on October 14, 1799 with Elisabeth Angelika Katzen ; 2nd marriage 1809/10 with Marie Johanna von Köppe (* 1790 - April 25, 1871), married. In 1816 he received imperial approval to merge the noble houses Desfours and Walderode by name. The names of his children are not known.
    • Emanuel von Desfours-Walderode (1800–1803)
    • Josef Ludik von Desfours-Walderode (1803-1803)
    • Anna Alžběta of Desfours-Walderode (1804–1804)
    • Franz Adam Vinzenz von Desfours-Walderode zu Mont-Athienville and Ekhausen (* 1806; † 1869), Lieutenant, married in 1837 to Franzisca von Maiersbach (* 1819)
      • Zdenka Countess of Desfours-Walderode (* 1838)
      • Maria Countess of Desfours-Walderode (* 1850)
      • Theodor Graf von Desfours-Walderode (* 1841)
      • Arthur Count von Desfours-Walderode (1852-1917)
        • Sigismund von Desfours-Walderode (* 1882; † September 6, 1936), also called "Sigmund", "Siegmund" .
        • Maria von Desfours-Walderode , Dr. († March 13, 1963)

The following children were from the 2nd marriage of Franz Clemens von Desfours to Barbara:

  • Johanna Countess von Desfours (born February 9, 1780)
  • Johann Nepomuk Count of Desfours (* July 18, 1782)
  • Karl Graf von Desfours (born January 13, 1784)
  • Marianna Countess of Desfours (born June 2, 1785)
  • Emanuel Peregrinus Count of Desfours (born January 1, 1787)
  • Maria Anna Barbara Countess of Desfours (born October 10, 1788)
  • Barbara Franziska Countess von Desfours (* December 21, 1789), married in 1816 to Anton, Count von Starhemberg , chamberlain and captain († 1851)
  • Franz Alois Graf von Desfours (born February 1, 1793), Imperial and Royal Chamberlain and Lieutenant Colonel, married to Juliane Warmuth von Schlachtenfeld
  • Karl Graf von Desfours (born July 23, 1794), Imperial and Royal Chamberlain and Colonel
  • Vincenz Graf von Desfours (* July 7, 1778; † 1857), Chamberlain and Privy Councilor, General of the Cavalry, married in 1807 to Maria Freiin von Wimmersberg († 1856)
    • Maria Countess von Desfours (* 1808), married in 1834 to Adalbert Freiherr Henniger von Seeberg , imperial and royal chamberlain and district chairman in Leitmeritz
    • Ludovica Countess von Desfours (* 1809), married in 1836 to Johann Freiherr Henniger von Seeberg-Godart , Imperial and Royal Chamberlain and Lieutenant

literature

Web links

Commons : Desfours  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Thirty Years' War in personal testimonies, chronicles and reports ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ edelleute.eu: Counts of Des Fours von Walderode ( Memento from August 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ The coats of arms of the Bohemian nobility. (J. Siebmacher's large book of arms. Volume 30). Neustadt an der Aisch 1979, ISBN 3-87947-030-8 , p. 119, T. 61.
  4. ↑ Golo Mann : Wallenstein. Frankfurt am Main 1971, p. 413.
  5. ↑ see: The coats of arms of the Bohemian nobility . J. Siebmacher's large book of arms, volume 30, Neustadt an der Aisch 1979, ISBN 3-87947-030-8 , page 119 in Des-Fours zu Mont and Athienville and Des-Fours-Walderode, armorial table 61
  6. ^ Roman von Procházka : "Genealogical handbook of extinct bohemian gentry families", Neustadt an der Aisch 1973, p. 192, ISBN 3-7686-5002-2
  7. ↑ Heribert Sturm (ed.): Biographical lexicon for the history of the Bohemian countries. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) . Volume I, R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich / Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-486-49491-0 , p. 242.
  8. ^ Transfer to Josef Parille Piccolomini
  9. ↑ Lydia Baštecká, Ivana Ebelová: Náchod . Náchod 2004, ISBN 80-7106-674-5 , pp. 123 and 142.