Reign of Nachod
The Nachod rule (Czech Panství Náchod or Náchodské panství ; after 1850 also large estate Nachod or Czech Velkostatek Náchod ) in Eastern Bohemia developed in the area of central Mettau , which was colonized by Hron von Nachod from the middle of the 13th century.
Extensive holdings were added over the centuries. When patrimonial was abolished in 1848, it was one of the largest manorials in Bohemia . The entire area belonged to the Königgrätzer Kreis until its abolition in 1862 . The main place of the rule was the current district town of Náchod with Náchod Castle .
history
The castle or castle owners of Nachod were also owners of the same basic rule , the first, Hron of Nachod, the family of Načeraticer came. His grandson Ješek had to swap Nachod with the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg for Kostelec nad Černými Lesy around 1325 . After several changes of ownership, Boček II of Podebrady followed in 1415 and, after his death in 1417, his son Viktorin of Podebrady .
Although after Viktorin's death in 1427 his then six-year-old son, the future King of Bohemia , George of Podebrady , inherited the property, during the Hussite Wars on September 29, 1437 the Taborite general Jan Kolda von Žampach seized the town of Nachod, which he was able to hold for almost twenty years. He renewed the Nachoder Castle, in 1442 he had the oldest Nachoder town book drawn up and appointed a city council, which was composed mainly of like-minded people. Although on November 20, 1453 King Ladislaus Postumus confirmed the claims to the town and castle Nachod and other East Bohemian possessions to the then provincial administrator Georg von Podiebrad, Jan Kolda was able to maintain his position in Nachod. It was not until he was on a campaign in Poland with his mercenary army from 1454-1458 that Georg von Podebrady succeeded after a siege in April and May 1456 to take the town of Nachod and the East Bohemian possessions held by Jan Kolda.
During his lifetime, Georg von Podiebrad transferred Nachod to his sons Boček and Viktorin in 1458 . After Georg's death in 1471, Nachod inherited, after the division of the estate in 1472, Georg's son Heinrich d. Ä. In 1497 he was forced to pledge the Nachod reign to Jan Špetle von Pruditsch ( Jan Špetle z Prudic a ze Žlebů ). After Heinrich's death in 1498, his sons were unable to redeem the pledge, so they had to sell Nachod to Jan Špetle. In 1519 he acquired the rule of Vízmburk and incorporated it into his rule Nachod.
In 1533 the highest Bohemian court master Vojtěch von Pernstein acquired the Nachod rule, from which his brother Johann von Pernstein inherited it a year later . In 1534 he acquired the Rýzmburg , Adersbach and Skály Castle and also linked them to the Nachod rule. In 1543 he sold the Rýzmburk and Skalý dominions and a year later the entire Nachod dominion to the powerful and wealthy Smiřický of Smiřice . In 1582 they enlarged the Nachod estate to include the Ratibořice estate . Since Albrecht Jan Smiřický von Smiřice was on the side of the rebels in the class uprising of 1618 , his possessions were confiscated by the emperor, who in 1621 transferred them to his field marshal Albrecht von Wallenstein as guardian of the mentally weak Jindřich Smiřický von Smiřice (1592–1630).
In 1623 the Bohemian Chamber sold Nachod together with Rýzmburk to Maria Magdalena Trčka von Lobkowitz , whose husband Jan Rudolf Trčka von Lípa already owned extensive estates in eastern Bohemia. Although she remained a Protestant until her death through an imperial patent, the re-Catholicization of the subjects, ordered by the emperor, began during her reign . Since her husband Jan Rudolf Trčka von Lípa did not convert to the Catholic faith until 1628, the re-Catholicization was initially unsuccessful, but after Jan Rudolf's conversion it led to peasant revolts because the peasants refused to give up their previous faith. In 1628 or a year later, Maria Magdalena Trčka von Lobkowitz Nachod sold her son Adam Erdmann Trčka von Lípa . He initiated the renovation of the city fortifications, the cleaning and irrigation of the moat and the securing of the rule by members of his regiment. After Adam Erdmann's murder in Eger in 1634 , his possessions were confiscated by the emperor.
In gratitude for the services he had acquired during the Thirty Years' War, Emperor Ferdinand II gave the Nachod reign to his general Octavio Piccolomini , who was involved in the conspiracy and murder of Albrecht von Wallenstein in Eger in 1634. During his reign, the manor was converted into a family entrepre- neurship in 1642 with imperial approval . After the death of the childless Duke Giuseppe Parille Piccolomini , with whom the Piccolomini-Todeschini family branch died out in the male line in 1783, there was an inheritance dispute over the Nachod rule, which was decided in 1786 in favor of Count Joseph Adalbert von Desfours . After his death in 1791, his relative Franz Anton von Desfours ( František Antonín, hrabě Desfours ) was unable to settle the debts he left behind. For this reason, the Nachod castle and estate were acquired by auction on September 13, 1792 by Duke Peter von Biron from Courland . From 1800 to 1839 the rule belonged to his daughter Wilhelmine von Sagan , who was the model for the princess in the novel Babička ( The Grandmother ) by Božena Němcová . After Wilhelmine's death, her sister Pauline von Hohenzollern-Hechingen sold the castle and the Nachod estate to Octavio von Lippe-Biesterfeld ; from this the property passed to Prince Georg Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe in 1842 . This converted the property for his son Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe to a secondary school . After the end of patrimonial rule in 1848, the Nachod, Chvalkovice and Ratibořice castles remained in the von Schaumburg – Lippe family. The last owner was Friedrich zu Schaumburg-Lippe , whose descendants were expropriated without compensation after the end of the Second World War in 1945. The Nachod, Ratibořice and Chvalkovice castles were nationalized.
Scope and associated localities
The boundaries of the Nachod rule were described for the first time in a Latin document from the Břevnov abbot Martin from August 9, 1254, with which the demarcation to the area of the Břevnov branch monastery Politz was established. This border ran from Machau along the Židovka river to its confluence with the Mettau. The other limits are not documented in writing for the time. It is believed, however, that they bordered the possessions of Riesenburg Castle along the Aupa in the west . In the east, the then sparsely populated rule of Nachod stretched along the state path to the river area of the Reinerzer Weistritz . Until 1477 Lewin and the surrounding area ( Lewiner Ländchen , Czech Levínsko ) and the area later known as the Bohemian Angle belonged to the Nachod rule. They were this year by Duke Heinrich d. Ä. , to which the Nachod rulership belonged at that time, was incorporated into the Hummel rulership , which was also connected to the Glatz county . This reduced the scope of the Nachod rule, whose eastern border was now only a few kilometers away from Nachod.
Late 15th century was the rule Nachod from the following localities:
the town and castle Náchod, Stare Mesto , Běloves ( Bielowes ), Malé Poříčí ( small Poritsch ), Skalice , Hronov , Machov , Machovská Lhota ( Lhota Mölten ), Velké Poříčí , Srbská , Sedmákovice ( Sedmakowitz ) Žďárky , Zličko ( Slitschko ) Zbečník ( Sbetschnik ) Rokytník ( Roketnik ) Borová , Čermná , Dobrosov , Jizbice ( Jisbitz ) Lipí ( Lip ), Bražec ( Braschetz ) Přibyslav , Horni Radechová , Dolni Rybníky ( Niederteich ) Slavíkov ( Slawikau ), Dolní Radechová , Babí ( Babe ), Pavlišov ( Paulisch ), Kramolna , Lhotky , Trubějov , Vysokov , Starkoč ( Starkotsch ), Kleny ( Klen ), Zlič ( Slitsch ), Malá Skalice ( Kleinskalitz ), Zájezd ( ford ) and Větrník ( wind field ).
With the acquisition of the Vízmburk rule in 1519 by Jan Špetle von Pruditsch, the following villages and towns came under the Nachod rule:
Vízmburk Castle, Úpice , Kostelec , Radeč ( Raatsch ), Havlovice , Libňatov , Maršov , Slatina , Kyje ( Kaile ), Brusnice ( German Prausnitz ) Studenec ( Staudenz ) Rubínovice ( Rudersdorf ), Bohuslavice , Suchovršice , Velké Svatoňovice , Male Svatoňovice , Batňovice , Petrovice ( Petrowitz ) Strážkovice ( Straschkowitz ), Rtyně , Bohdašín ( Bochdaschin ) Lhota za Kostelcem ( Lhota behind Rothkosteletz ) and Horní Kostelec ( Oberkosteletz ).
In 1534 Johann von Pernstein acquired the castles Skály and Adersbach as well as the associated villages and connected them with his rule Nachod. Rýzmburk , which was also acquired at the time, was in different hands again at the end of the 16th century.
In 1582 Hedwig Smiřický von Smiřice, widow of Albrecht, acquired as guardian of the sons Wenzel / Václav and Jaroslav Ratibořice , Chlistov ( Chlistau ), Křižanov ( Kreuzhöfner ), Lhota and Zábrodí .
On April 12, 1601 Sigmund / Zikmund Smiřický acquired from Smiřice as guardian of his 10-year-old ward Albrecht Václav Smiřický of Smiřice Castles and Power Rýzmburk with the villages Červená Hora and Žernov and the villages Mstětín ( Mistietin ) Olešnice ( Woleschnitz ), Skalka , Stolín ( Stolin ) and Všeliby ( Liebstatt ). 1613 acquired Albrecht Václav Třebešov with Malý Třebešov ( Klein Trebeschau ) and half of Litoboř .
Herzog Octavio Piccolomini acquired 1636 Mískolezy ( Miskoles ) with Újezdec ( Aujestetz ), 1637 Heřmaničky Dvůr ( Hermanitz ) Hořičky , Hostyně , the second half of Litoboř, Mečov ( Metschow ) Světlá ( lights ) and Vestec , 1641 Šonov and Třtice ( Rohrbusch ) with Zblov ( Sblow ). In 1716 Anna Viktoria Piccolomini, née Kolowrat, acquired as the guardian of her son Giovanni Venceslao Piccolomini Řešetova Lhota and in 1729 Studnitz . The last two places mentioned did not belong to the family fideikommiss and were freely inheritable as an allod .
Duke Peter von Biron , who acquired the Nachod estate in 1792, enlarged it in 1798 with the purchase of the Chvalkovice chateau and estate with the villages of Svinišťany , Říkov , Komárov ( Komarow ), Sebuč ( Sebutsch ), Výhled ( Weihled ), Nesytá ( Nimmersatt ) and Bukovina ( large or small bok ).
According to Johann / Jan Müller , who was employed in the administration of Nachod for 50 years, most recently as rent master , there were 46,576 inhabitants in 1840, most of whom professed to be Catholic. For these there were nine parishes, which were looked after by 21 pastors. The churches and rectories as well as the majority of the schools were under the patronage of the authorities . Most of the 194 Protestant residents had immigrated. Most of the 396 Israelites lived in the city of Nachod. Mostly Germans lived in twelve villages.
In 1843 the lordship consisted of 113 villages and 47,757 inhabitants who lived in 7074 houses.
owner
| Period | owner |
|---|---|
| 1254-1289 | Hron von Nachod ( Hron z Náchoda ) from the Načeraticer ( Načeraticové ) tribe , first mentioned in 1254 in connection with Nachod. Built Nachod Castle on a strategically important place, founded the city of Nachod and colonized the land on the central Mettau . His son followed him
Ješek the Elder Ä. ( Ješek starší ) |
| until about 1316 | Ješek the Elder J. ( Ješek mladší ), son of Ješek d. Ä .; Nachod had to cede to the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg in exchange for Schwarzkosteletz . |
| 1316-1325 | John of Luxembourg , King of Bohemia |
| 1325 – before 1353 | Hynek d. Ä. from Dubá ( Hynek starší or Hajman z Dubé ) |
| until about 1360 | Hynek d. J. von Nachod and Dubá ( Hynek ml. Z Náchoda a Dubé ) together with Ješek von Nachod and Dubá ( Ješek z Náchoda a Dubé ) |
| until about 1367 | Hynek d. J. von Nachod and Dubá ( Hynek ml. Z Náchoda a Dubé ) |
| 1367-1390 | Duchess Agnes von Habsburg ( Anežka kněžna Svídnická or Anežka Habsburská ), widow of Duke Bolko II. (Schweidnitz) .
It is not known how it came to the reign of Nachod. That it belonged to her is evident from the fact that she is the patroness of the Church of Hronov . |
| 1390-1391 | Puta d. Ä. from Častolowitz ( Půta z Častolovic ) |
| 1391-1392 | Benesch von Duba ( Beneš Silný z Dubé ), † before 1407 |
| 1392-1412 | Dietrich von Janowitz ( Jetřich z Janovic ), since he did not leave any descendants, Nachod fell as a settled fiefdom through reversion to the Crown of Bohemia . |
| 1412 | Wenceslaus IV ( Václav IV ), King of Bohemia |
| 1412-1414 | Heinrich von Lazan ( Jindřich Lefl z Lažan ), exchanged Nachod with Boček II of Podebrady for Bechyně |
| 1414-1417 | Boček II of Poděbrady ( Boček z Kunštátu a Poděbrad ) |
| 1417 to 1427 |
Viktorin of Podiebrad ( Viktorín z Kunštátu a Poděbrad )
Heir in 1427 was his 6-year-old son Georg von Poděbrad ( Jiří z Poděbrad ), who later became King of Bohemia. |
| 1427-1432 | Jan Holý ( Holec ) of Nemošice ( z Nemošic ) and Nikolaus Trčka of Lípa ( Mikuláš Trčka z Lípy ), Taborite captains, came to the Nachod rule and the neighboring Hummel rule probably through land grabbing. |
| 1432-1437 | Jan Baštín z Porostlé, former military leader of Jan Žižka . It is not known how he came to rule Nachod. |
| 1437-1456 | Jan Kolda of Žampach ( Jan Kolda ze Žampach ), formerly Taborite captain; seized the city and the castle of Nachod by attack. |
| 1456-1458 | Georg von Poděbrad ( Jiří z Poděbrad ) had the legal possession of Nachod confirmed as the provincial administrator of King Ladislaus Postumus . In 1456 he conquered Nachod and the Rychmberk Castle and the Černíkovice Fortress |
| 1458-1469 | Boček IV of Poděbrad ( Boček z Poděbrad ; also Boček IV. Z Poděbrad ) and Viktorin of Poděbrad ( Viktorín z Minstrberka , also Viktorín z Poděbrad and Viktorín Opavský ) sons of King George of Poděbrad. |
| 1470-1497 | Heinrich d. Ä. von Munsterberg and Oels ( Jindřich starší z Minstrberka , also Jindřich starší z Poděbrad ), inherited after the death of his father Georg von Poděbrad, among other things, the town and rule Nachod and the associated rule Hummel. The latter he incorporated in 1477 in the County of Glatz , which was also in his possession. |
| 1497-1527 | Jan d. J. Špetle von Prudice ( Jan ml. Špetle z Prudic ), received in 1497 Nachod for four years as pledge from Duke Heinrich the Elder. Ä. Since his sons could not redeem the pledge after Heinrich's death in 1498, they left the property to him. |
| 1527-1534 | Adalbert von Pernstein ( Vojtěch z Pernštejna ). Chief Chamberlain and Governor of Bohemia. |
| 1534-1544 | Johann von Pernstein ( Jan z Pernštejna a na Helfenštejně ), Chamberlain and Governor of Moravia and pledgee of the County of Glatz . |
| 1544-1548 | Sigmund Smiřický of Smiřice ( Zikmund Smiřický ze Smiřic ) |
| 1548-1566 | Albrecht Smiřický von Smiřice, whose older brother Jaroslav was accepted into the master class in 1554 . |
| 1566-1586 | Hedwig Smiřický von Smiřice ( Hedvika Smiřická z Házmburka ) widow of Albrecht, after his death the guardian of the sons Wenzel / Václav and Jaroslav. Acquired Kleinskalitz in 1575 , Ratibořice , Chlistov , Křižanov , Lhota and Zábrodí in 1582 |
| 1586-1593 | Wenceslaus Smiřický of Smiřice ( Václav Smiřický ze Smiřic ) |
| 1593-1614 | Albrecht Wenzel Smiřický of Smiřice ( Albrecht Václav Smiřický ze Smiřic ). He inherited from his father Wenceslaus at the age of three. The guardianship was exercised by Sigmund / Zikmund Smiřický von Smiřice, a cousin of father Wenceslas. In 1601 he acquired the rule of Rýzmburk Castle with Žernov , Červená Hora with Mstětín, Olešnice, Stolín, Víska and Všeliby for his ward . 1613 acquired Albrecht Wenzel Třebešov with Třebešov malý and half Litoboř . |
| 1614-1618 | Albrecht Jan Smiřický von Smiřice ( Albrecht Jan Smiřický ze Smiřic ) became the sole heir of the entire Smiřický estates after the death of Sigmund / Zikmund Smiřický von Smiřice. |
| 1618-1620 | Markéta, married Slavata ( Markéta Saloména Slavatová ze Smiřic ), sister of Albrecht Jan, as guardian of the weak-minded elder brother Heinrich-Georg ( Jindřich Jiří , † 1630). After the Battle of White Mountain , the property of the Smiřický von Smiřice family was confiscated. |
| 1621-1623 | Albrecht von Waldstein , whose mother was born Smiřický from the Nachoder line, as guardian of the mentally weak Heinrich Georg Smiřický von Smiřice ( Jindřich Jiří , † 1630) |
| 1623-1628 | Maria Magdalena, née Lobkowitz, wife of Jan Rudolf Trčka von Lípa ; sold Nachod to her son |
| 1629-1634 | Adam Erdmann Trčka von Lípa , after his death in 1634 the rule was confiscated by the emperor |
| 1634-1656 | Octavio Piccolomini , Duke of Amalfi , Imperial General. Received the Nachod rule as a reward for the services he had gained in the Thirty Years' War . In 1636 he acquired Mískolezy ( Miskoles ) with Újezdec, in 1637 Heřmanický Dvůr ( Hermanitz ), Hořičky , Hostyně , half of Litoboř , Mečov ( Metschow ), Světlá ( Lichten ), Vestec , 1641 Šonov and Třtice with Zblov. In 1642 he obtained permission from the emperor to convert the Nachod rule into a family fideikommiss . Since he died without offspring, he followed |
| 1656-1664 | Duke Enea Silvio Piccolomini ( Aeneáš Sylvius, kniže Piccolomini ), from the Piccolomini-Pieri family branch . Since Enea Silvio was only three years old when he inherited, he was under the tutelage of Count Johann Sebastian Pötting ( Jan Šebastián z Pöttingu ), who also exercised the reign. |
| 1664-1673 | Since Maria Benigna Franziska von Sachsen-Lauenburg , widow of General Octavio Piccolomini, was not prepared to give up her widow's property, she was installed as regent by the emperor. Even after Enea Silvio came of age in 1671, she continued this activity until his death in 1673. |
| 1673-1712 | Duke Lorenzo Piccolomini ( Vavřinec, kniže Piccolomini ), younger brother of Enea Silvio. |
| 1712-1742 | Duke Giovanni Venceslao Piccolomini ( Jan Václav, kniže Piccolomini ). Since he was mentally ill , his mother Anna Viktoria, née Kolowrat , exercised guardianship from 1712–1732 . Subsequently, his younger brother Octavio was appointed as guardian and administrator . |
| 1742-1757 | Duke Octavio Piccolomini ( Octavian II, kniže Piccolomini ); with him the branch of the Piccolomini-Pieri family died out in the male line. |
| 1757-1765 | Duke Giovanni Pompeo Piccolomini ( Jan Pompejus, kniže Piccolomini ) from the Piccolomini-Tedeschini branch. |
| 1765-1783 | Duke Giuseppe Parille Piccolomini ( Josef Parille, kniže Piccolomini ); was under the tutelage of his mother Margherita Caterina, née Caracciolo , until August 5, 1771 . With him, the Piccolomini-Todeschini branch in the male line became extinct. |
| 1786-1791 | Joseph Adalbert von Desfours ( Josef Vojtěch, hrabě Desfours ). As the grandson of Duke Lorenzo Piccolomini, he came to the Nachod rule after several years of inheritance dispute. Since his relative Franz Anton von Desfours ( František Antonín, hrabě Desfour ) could not pay the debts he had left, the entire property was auctioned. |
| 1792-1800 | Peter von Biron , Duke of Courland and Zemgale and Sagan . Acquired the Nachod reign at auction. Introduced relief for his subordinates, promoted the school system. He had a theater set up in Nachod Castle, where operas and concerts were performed. In 1798 he acquired the Chvalkovice estate with Bukovina, Komárov, Říkov, Sebuč, Svinišťany and Výhled. |
| 1800-1839 | Wilhelmine von Sagan , daughter of Peter von Biron. Initiated the reconstruction of the Ratibořice chateau in the Empire style. |
| 1839-1840 | Pauline von Sagan ( Marie Pavlína, kněžna z Hohenzollern-Hechingen ), younger sister of Wilhelmine von Sagan. |
| 1840-1842 | Karl Oktavian von Lippe-Biesterfeld ( Karel Octavius, hrabě z Lippe-Bisterfeld ) |
| 1842-1860 | Georg Wilhelm von Schaumburg-Lippe ( Jiří Vilém, kníže Schaumburg-Lippe ); established the Nachod secondary school for his third-born son Wilhelm and his descendants , which consisted of the Fideikommiss -Nachod- Chwalkowitz . |
| 1860-1906 | Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe ( Vilém princ Schaumburg-Lippe ) |
| 1906-1945 | Friedrich zu Schaumburg-Lippe ( Bedřich, princ Schaumburg-Lippe ) |
| In 1945, Czechoslovakia expropriated the holdings of the post or family branch of the Schaumburg-Lippe without compensation. |
literature
- Lydia Baštecká, Ivana Ebelová: Náchod . Náchod 2004, ISBN 80-7106-674-5 .
- Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard , Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical places . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , p. 386f.
- Jan Karel Hraše: Dějiny Náchoda . After 1895.
- Jan Karel Hraše: Dějiny Náchoda 1620–1740 . Náchod 1994, ISBN 80-900041-8-0 .
- Jan Müller : Pamětihodnosti panství Náchod a osudy, které za posledních 5 desetiletí sám prožil a zapsal vrchnostenský úředník během tohoto obdobi na jmenovaném panství ustanovený, penzionovaný dů Müller. Translated from German into Czech by Věra Vlčková. In: Stopami Dějin Náchodska. Náchod 1997, (with 105 notes from p. 173).
- Jan Müller: Pamětihodnosti panství Náchod a osudy úředniků spravujících toto panství v posledních 5 desetiletích. V červenci 1842 sepsáno penzionovaným důchodním Janem Müllerem, který zde byl v tomto období zaměstnán. Translated from German into Czech by Věra Vlčková. Nakladatelství Bor, 2007, ISBN 978-80-86807-54-6 . (With 109 notes from p. 67 and a German summary on p. 145f.)
- Helge bei der Wieden : Schaumburg-Lippische Genealogy. (= Schaumburger studies. Issue 25). Melle 1995, p. 69: The secondary education Náchod with family tree in the appendix
- Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Böhmen IV, 1836, pp. 211–237 digitized
Web links
- Owner of the Nachod estate
- Josef Myslimír Ludvík : Památky hradu, města a panství Náchoda, i vlastníkův jeho. online (czech)
- Genealogy Piccolomini-Pieri and Piccolomini Todeschini
Individual evidence
- ^ Wenzel Wladiwoj Tomek : Oldest news about the dominions Braunau and Politz . Prague 1857, p. 30.
- ^ František Musil: Východní Čechy v raném a vrcholném středověku . In: Ondřej Felcman et al: Ůzemí východních Čech od středověku po raný novověk . Hradec Králové 2011, ISBN 978-80-7422-106-4 , pp. 17–36, 89 and 158.
- ↑ Jaroslav Čáp: Trhová registra Rýzmburského panství z roku 1600. In: Jaroslav Šůla. Sborník příspěvků k šedesátinám. (= Dissertationes historicae. 6). Historický Klub - Pobočka Hradec Králové et al., Hradec Králové 1998, ISBN 80-7041-085-X , pp. 17–56. Contradictory information on this in the sources; here to Rýzmburk Castle (Eastern Bohemia)
- ↑ Probably in those who now belong to the Okres Trutnov .
- ↑ Jan Müller: The rule of Náchod presented statistically, topographically and historically . Náchod 1842, manuscript in the castle (?) Archive.
- ↑ František Palacký : Popis království Českého (Popis Kralowstwí Českého) online , Prague 1848, Panství Náchod pp. 146–149
- ↑ Genealorie Adršpach Dubá
- ↑ Information from 1367 according to the website of Náchod Castle
- ↑ Genealogy Škopek z Dubé
- ↑ The information on Jan Kolda von Žampach is contradictory. Some historians state that it was Jan Kolda the Elder in the given period. Ä. (starší) and his son Jan Kolda d. J. ( mladší ) acts, others assume that this was just one person.
- ↑ "1527" according to Petr Vorel: Páni z Pernštejna. Vzestup a pád rodu zubří hlavy v dějinách Čech a Moravy . Praha 1999, ISBN 80-86182-24-X (contradicting the information on the webl.)
- ↑ Acquisition in 1798