Staré Město nad Metují

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Staré Město nad Metují
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Staré Město nad Metují (Czech Republic)
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Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Královéhradecký kraj
District : After that
Municipality : After that
Area : 201.0308 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 24 '  N , 16 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '54 "  N , 16 ° 9' 27"  E
Height: 342  m nm
Residents : 4,167 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code : 547 01
License plate : N / A
traffic
Street: Náchod - Česká Skalice
Railway connection: Choceň – Meziměstí

Staré Město nad Metují (formerly Starý Náchod , later Staré Město ; German formerly Alt-Nachod , later Old Town ) is a district of the city of Náchod in the Czech Republic.

geography

Staré Město nad Metují is located southwest of Náchod on the right bank of the Metuje ( Mettau ). The European route 67 runs through the village . Neighboring towns are Kramolna in the north, Lipí ( Lip ) and Bražec in the southeast, Václavice in the south and Vysokov in the west. In the north rises the 445.5 m high Homolka, in the south the 418.8 m high Pozděnův Kopec, in the southwest the 450.8 m high Branka and in the northwest the 439.6 m high Ovčák.

history

The settlement Staré Město arose below the Branka pass, which is called "zemská brána" ( Landestor ). An ancient national path runs over it, leading from Prague via Náchod and the Hummel Pass through the Glatzer Kessel to the Bohemian border castle Glatz ( Kladsko ) and on to Silesia . Although the year of the foundation is not known, the market village was certainly laid out much earlier than the town of Náchod, which is documented for the year 1254. Both places are in the Metuje valley. Staré Město was first mentioned in a certified copy of a document from 1392. Even then it was called "Starý Náchod". The place name "Staré Město" came into use around the middle of the 16th century.

The original meaning of Staré Město comes from the construction of the Church of St. John the Baptist, which was built on a terrace above the country path. It was built in the first half of the 13th century at the latest and was also the parish church for the two kilometers northeast of Náchod until the second half of the 14th century. After the construction of the Náchoder St. Laurentius Church, the old town parish was relocated there. Subsequently, the Old Town Church served as a cemetery church for the city of Náchod and the parish settlements there. This is probably why it is not listed in the confirmation books of the diocese of Prague for the year 1355. After a fire in 1441, it was restored until 1501.

Staré Město belonged to the Náchod rule and was subject to the city of Náchod ( šosovní ves ). In 1579, the ruler Hanuš Buchlovecký von Křížkovice acquired a forest and two farms with arable land in Staré Město and built a free farm ( svobodný dvůr ), which was also known as a manor, with the approval of the authorities . After his death in 1606 the Freihof was inherited by his second wife Kateřina, b. Holcarová von Holitz ( z Holic ), who married the lordly official ( štolmistr ) Albrecht ( Vojtěch ) Lesonický von Lesonitz or Kapřík von Lesonitz ( z Lesonic ) in 1612 . He was followed in 1646 or later by his son-in-law Albrecht von Bubna . Later the Freihof came to the Litický von Šonov, who derived their rating from the nearby Šonov . In 1707 the town of Náchod sold the Freihof and sold the parceled land in the same year.

In the second half of the 18th century, the town of Náchod in Staré Město built a fulling mill for a white tanner . For the year 1790 there are 30 houses, three of them with brick chimneys. In 1836 there were 354 inhabitants. In addition, there was a linen bleacher with a mangle , a Kretscham, two mills and a board saw . After the replacement of patrimonial Staré Město became an independent municipality, which from 1850 belonged to the district of Neustadt an der Mettau . In 1897 a post office was built in Staré Město, and in 1899 it was incorporated into the newly formed Náchod district. A new school building was built in 1922 as a foundation by the Bartoň brothers. It was incorporated into the town of Náchod in 1925. In 1932, Staré Město received a stop on the Choceň – Meziměstí railway line .

There was a significant economic boom after the textile industrialist Josef Bartoň bought several properties on the right bank of the Mettau in the cadastral area of ​​Staré Město and Bražec. There, in 1885, he opened a modern weaving mill with 26 mechanical looms, a fabric dyeing, printing and drying plant. After further factory extensions, the number of looms rose to 56 in 1888 and to 86 in 1890. In 1890, Josef Bartoň took on his son Josef of the same name and in 1894 his son Cyril as a partner in his company. They expanded the factory by purchasing more land and switched the looms to electricity. Due to the successful foreign trade, 600 looms were operated in 1904, which increased the number of employees to 800. The company traded with great economic success under the name "Staroměstká mechanická tkalcovna, barvírna a tiskárna Josef Bartoň a synové". Around 1910 it was one of the most modern textile companies in Europe. Due to the economic success, the population of Staré Město increased six-fold to 1651 inhabitants in the period from 1890 to 1910. After the Communists came to power, the Bartoň family was expropriated in 1948 and the company was nationalized. It was incorporated into the large company "Tepna" and modernized in the mid-1970s. After the Velvet Revolution , it was returned to the Bartoň family in 1992.

Local division

The district Staré Město nad Metují consists of the basic settlement units Hamra-jih, Pod Rozkoší, Sídliště U Nemocnice, Skalka, Staré Město nad Metují and U Metuje-jih.

Attractions

  • The listed Church of St. John the Baptist ( Kostel svatého Jana Křtitele ) probably dates from the first half of the 13th century. It has served as a cemetery church since the middle of the 14th century.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/701335/Stare-Mesto-nad-Metuji
  2. ↑ Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical sites . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , p. 386f.
  3. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-casti-obce/101354/Cast-obce-Stare-Mesto-nad-Metuji