Srbská

Srbská
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Liberecký kraj
District :	Liberec
Municipality :	Horní Řasnice
Area :	562,666 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 59 '  N , 15 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 59 '22 "  N , 15 ° 13' 54"  E
Height:	300  m nm
Residents :	25 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code :	464 01
License plate :	L.
traffic
Street:	Frýdlant - Leśna
Railway connection:	Frýdlant v Čechách – Jindřichovice pod Smrkem

Srbská (German Wünschendorf ) is a district of the Horní Řasnice municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 13 kilometers northeast of Frýdlant and five kilometers south of Leśna on the Polish border and belongs to the Okres Liberec .

geography

Srbská extends in the valley of the stream Srbská ( Wünschendorfer Wasser ), up to its confluence with the Jindřichovický potok in the Jizera foothills (Frýdlantská pahorkatina). To the north rises the Góra Stróźa (427 m), to the south the Písečný (379 m) and the Kamenný vrch (443 m). West of the village on the border with Poland is the quartzite rock Bílá skála . The Srbská railway station on the secondary railway line from Frýdlant to Jindřichovice pod Smrkem is not in Srbská, but three and a half kilometers south on the outskirts of Jindřichovice pod Smrkem.

Neighboring towns are Murowaniec and Grabiszyce Dolne in the north, Miłoszów in the northeast, Kliny, Grady and Świecie in the east, Kolonia Świecie and Barcie in the southeast, Jindřichovice pod Smrkem in the south, Horní Řasnice and Bulovka in the southwest, Baranów in the west and Grabiszyce Górnew in the north.

history

The place originated in the early Middle Ages as a Wendish settlement. Windischendorf was first mentioned in writing in 1482. Today's name Srbská is also derived from this form of name and means something like " Sorbian village". Although Windischendorf had been a feudal village of the Friedländer rule since the 15th century, there was no Vorwerkshof in the place for the performance of the compulsory labor. Until 1633 Windischendorf belonged to the Marklissa dominion in the Upper Lusatian Queiskkreis , which had been in the possession of the von Debschitz family since 1415 and was closely connected to the Windischendorf. Over time, the place name changed to Wünschendorf . The trade route from Friedland to Marklissa ran through the town. Georg von Debschitz was one of the most important owners of Wünschendorf . Debschitz remained unmarried and after his death his nephew Heinrich Griessel received the fiefdom on Lautsche . The castle captain of Friedland fell out of favor with Matthias Gallas in 1639 . He was followed by Christoph Strauch von Blumenthal, who was also a captain on Friedland and who again managed the estates profitably after the Thirty Years' War and who also tried to return his subjects to Catholicism. On June 10, 1651, the Jesuit missionaries in Wünschendorf summoned the residents, 78 of them appeared for the hearings. The Counter Reformation Commission set up throughout the rule by the Counts of Gallas led to mass emigration of Protestants to Upper Lusatia in most of the villages. Wünschendorf was one of the places whose residents mostly stayed. The Berní rula from 1654 shows only two of the 38 properties in the village as abandoned.

Across the border, exiles founded the settlements Petersgemeinde (Baranów) and brick houses (Murowaniec) on Saxon territory. In 1655 the former secretary of Count Matthias Gallas, Johann von Püchler, received the estate. Püchler did not pursue the Counter Reformation on his estate, which was located on the border with Protestant Upper Lusatia, he tolerated the remaining Protestants who attended services in Marklissa while the Catholics were parish in Bärnsdorf . He was followed in 1666 by Johann Jakob Roerich von Kleinberg.

In 1706 there was a riot among the residents due to heavy loads. The leaders were ordered to be captain of the Bunzlau district in Hrubá Skála and arrested there. The Counts of Gallas bought the estate from Kleinberg's descendants in 1722 and united it with the Friedland lordship. The residents lived from agriculture and home weaving, which was an increasing sideline. In the 18th century, the majority of the population was still Protestant and the rule tried to counter this by assigning land in Wünschendorf to Catholics. The teacher had been a Protestant since 1689, and as the number of Catholic new settlers increased, they asked for a Catholic teacher for their children. Temporarily the children of the Catholics were taught in Heinersdorf , then a separate Catholic school was set up in Wünschendorf. This separation ended in 1808 when a new school was opened for children of both denominations. In 1830 699 people lived in the village's 139 houses. In 1832 Wünschendorf was changed to Heinersdorf.

After the abolition of patrimonial rule , the political municipality of Wünschendorf in the Friedland district was established in 1850 . The place was the seat of a customs office and tax office. Some of the residents worked in the woolen factories of E. Heintschel and Comp. in Heinersdorf and Bärnsdorf, which went bankrupt in the 1930s. In 1930 there were 539 people living in Wünschendorf. A Czech minority of about 20 people lived in the village, made up of customs and tax officials.

On September 23, 1938 at around 11 p.m., the Czechoslovak customs station in Wünschendorf, occupied by five officials, was the target of an attack by the National Socialists. The station was shot at by two unknown persons, Václav Čep, Josef Vojta and Bohumil Hošek suffered fatal injuries in rifle fire, the other two customs officers were slightly injured and were able to inform the Stráž obrany státu (SOS). The perpetrators fled across the German border.

After the Munich Agreement , the place was added to the German Reich in October 1938 and belonged to the Friedland district until 1945 . In 1939 the community had 505 inhabitants. After the Second World War took place the expulsion of the German population. At the beginning of 1961, the Okres Frýdlant was dissolved, Srbská was incorporated into Horní Řasnice and came to Okres Liberec . At the same time Srbská was incorporated. From 1980 to 1990 Srbská belonged to the Řasnice municipality and after its dissolution back to Horní Řasnice. In 1991 the place had 22 inhabitants. In 2001 the village consisted of 9 houses in which 25 people lived. In December 2006, the border crossing to Miłoszów in Poland, previously reserved for pedestrians and cyclists, was opened for car traffic.

Attractions

• Baroque Maria Schnee chapel, built around 1724
• Bílá skála ( White Stone ), the quartzite rock group is protected as a natural monument
• Memorial stone to the National Socialist attack on the Wünschendorf customs office in 1938

literature

• Karl Wünsch: History of the former manor Wünschendorf, now the village responsible for the rule of Friedland on the Bohemian-Lusatian border . In: Neues Oberlausitzisches Magazin , Volume 34, Görlitz 1858, pp. 352-360 .

Web links

• History of Srbská

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/644005/Srbska
2. ↑ Hugo Weczerka (Ed.): Handbook of historical sites . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 310-312.