Viktorin (Münsterberg and Troppau)

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Viktorin von Münsterberg (also Viktorin von Münsterberg and Troppau ; Viktorin von Podiebrad ; Czech: Viktorín z Minstrberka; Viktorín z Poděbrad; Viktorín Opavský ; * May 29, 1443 in Podiebrad ; † August 30, 1500 Teschen ) was Imperial Count and Count of from 1459 Bald . From 1462 until his death he was Duke of Münsterberg , from 1465 to 1485 Duke of Troppau .

Origin and family

Viktorin was the second-born son of the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad from his marriage to Kunigunde von Sternberg . He got his first name after his grandfather Viktorin von Podiebrad . In 1463 he married Margarete, daughter of Hynek Ptáček von Pirkstein , who died in 1472. Two years later he married Sophie, a daughter of Duke Boleslaw II of Teschen . After her death in 1479, he married Margarete Palaiologa von Montferrat († 1496) in 1480 . Daughters came from marriages

  • Johanna (* around 1463; † 1496), married to Casimir II of Teschen
  • Magdalena Euphemia († 1497), Cistercian in Trebnitz
  • Anna (* / † 1498)
  • Ursula ( Voršila ; † after 1534), until 1529 nun in the Magdalenenkloster in Freiburg
  • Apolonia († 1529), first Poor Clare in Strehlen , then with Erhard of Queis married

as well as the sons

  • Laurentius ( Vavřinec ; † 1503) and
  • Bartholomäus ( Bartoloměj ; † 1515)

Life

Since Viktorin's older brother Boček was disabled, Viktorin was given the duties of a firstborn. That is why he was politically on the side of his father from a young age. This reached 1459 with Emperor Friedrich III. the appointment of Viktorine as Imperial Count. In 1462 he confirmed the appointment again and at the same time raised Viktorin's brothers Heinrich d. Ä. and Heinrich d. J. to imperial counts. Georg, for his part, had previously appointed these three sons as Counts of Glatz and enfeoffed them with the County of Glatz and the Duchy of Münsterberg. He also acquired the Duchy of Opava by 1464. These areas were owned by the brothers Viktorin, Heinrich the Elder, until George's death in 1471. Ä. and Heinrich d. J. rules together.

In the conflict between the Habsburg brothers Friedrich III. and Albrecht VI. To regain power in Austria, Viktorin was in charge of a relief army sent by his father to Vienna , which in December 1462 defeated Emperor Friedrich III. liberated in the Vienna Hofburg .

When in 1466 Pope Paul II declared Georg von Podiebrad a heretic and called for a crusade against the Hussites , Viktorin fought against the Catholic Grünberger Alliance . It was also joined by the Breslau bishop Jost von Rosenberg and the city of Breslau . Viktorin was able to defeat their troops at Frankenstein in June 1467 . When Emperor Friedrich III. Politically turned away from King George, he decided to take military action against him. That is why Viktorin occupied the city of Stockerau in January 1468 , from where he made forays into the Vienna area. There, however, he had to withdraw from the troops of the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus . In April 1468 he unsuccessfully defended the Moravian Trebitsch against him.

On July 27, 1469, Viktorin was captured by Hungary in Wesseli an der March . He was first held in Trenčín Castle and later in Visegrád . Only after the death of his father in March 1471 and a secret conversion to Catholicism and the payment of a ransom was he released in May 1471. After that he stayed with his brother Heinrich the Elder for a while. Ä. at the castle in Glatz .

In 1472 Viktorin and his brothers divided the estates left by their father Georg von Podiebrad according to an inheritance plan. Viktorin received the Duchy of Opava and Kolín , which he, presumably in exchange for the Principality of Pless , gave to his brother Heinrich the Elder in 1475 . J. resigned. In 1480 Viktorin sold the Principality of Pless to his former brother-in-law and son-in-law Casimir II of Teschen .

In the armed conflict between Bohemia and Hungary for supremacy in Bohemia, Viktorin supported his former enemy Matthias Corvinus. On a campaign to Silesia in 1474 they captured the Jägerndorfer Duke Johann IV . The same fate happened to the Rybnik Duke Wenzel , whose property passed to Viktorin for a short time.

At Corvin's request, Viktorin agreed in 1485 to a contract with which he had to exchange the Duchy of Opava for some castles in Slavonia . Troppau received Corvin's illegitimate son Johann . Just two years later, Corvin also confiscated the Slavonian castles. As early as 1486, Viktorin had to sell the Polish rule , to which he had come through his first marriage and to which Přibyslav also belonged. The now possessorless Viktorin lived from this point in time with his daughter Johanna in Teschen . After Corvin's death in 1490, he hoped in vain for the return of Troppau. Viktorin died on August 1st, 1500 in Teschen. His body was buried in the Holy Spirit Church in Troppau .

Although Viktorin's three nephews, the sons of his brother Heinrich d. Ä., Which Grafschaft Glatz sold to their future brother-in-law Ulrich von Hardegg as early as 1501 , she and her descendants as well as Viktorin's sons kept the title Duke of Münsterberg and Graf von Glatz in the male line until 1647.

literature

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Partly different data from Siegismund Justus Ehrhardt : Treatise on the corrupted religious state in Silesia . Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau 1778, p. 197 ( Google Books ); Roman von Procházka: Genealogical handbook of extinct Bohemian gentry families , Vol. I. Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1973, p. 201.
  2. ^ Dictionary of persons Albrecht VI.
  3. ↑ cs: Viktorín z Poděbrad
personal data
SURNAME Victorin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Viktorin von Munsterberg and Troppau; Victorin of Podebrady; Viktorin z Minstrberka; Viktorin z Poděbrad (Czech)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Imperial count; Duke of Munsterberg and Troppau; Count von Glatz
DATE OF BIRTH May 29, 1443
PLACE OF BIRTH Podebike
DATE OF DEATH August 30, 1500
Place of death Teschen