Turnov
| Turnov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Liberecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Semily | ||||
| Area : | 2271.203 hectares | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 35 ' N , 15 ° 9' E | ||||
| Height: | 260 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 14,334 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 511 01 | ||||
| License plate : | L. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: |
Prague – Turnov Pardubice – Liberec Jičín – Turnov |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 13 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Tomáš Hocke (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Antonína Dvořáka 335 511 01 Turnov |
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| Municipality number: | 577626 | ||||
| Website : | www.turnov.cz | ||||
Turnov (German: Turnau ) is a city in the Czech Republic . In the south and northeast it borders on the protected landscape area Český ráj ( Bohemian Paradise ). The city has 14,312 inhabitants (2018) .
history
The town was founded in 1272 by Jaroslav and Havel von Markvartice on a rocky promontory above the Jizera . Later the rule passed to the important Bohemian noble family von Wartenberg , which was followed by the family Smiřický von Smiřice . In 1468 Turnov was sacked by the Lusatian crusaders ; Swedish troops set fire to the city in 1643. In 1707 a conflagration threatened the city. In 1884 the first European technical school for the processing of precious stones, metals and jewelry production was founded.
Population development
| year | 1869 | 1900 | 1930 | 1950 | 2001 | 2005 | 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 6,849 | 9,028 | 11,541 | 11,268 | 14,513 | 14,447 | 14,445 |
Economic development
Since the 16th century several stone cutters worked here, in which imported and domestic gemstones were cut and processed. Since the 18th century at the latest, the stones have been exported all over the world. In the 17th century, the first glassworks were built in which imitations of precious stones were made from glass. Since the beginning of the 18th century, Turnov has been the center of jewelry production, the jewelery industry and glass, polygraphy and mechanical engineering production. Today Turnov is a tourist center in the Český ráj region .
Community structure
The town of Turnov consists of the districts Bukovina ( Bukowina ), Daliměřice ( Dalimerschitz ), Dolánky u Turnova ( Dolanka ), Hrubý Rohozec ( Groß Rohosetz ), Kadeřavec ( Kaderschawetz ), Kobylka ( Kobilka ), Loužek ( Lauschek ), Malý Rohozec ( Klein Rohosetz ), Mašov ( Maschau ), Mokřiny ( Mokerschin ), Pelešany ( Peleschan ), Turnov ( Turnau ) and Vazovec ( Wasowetz ). Basic settlement units are Bukovina, Daliměřice, Dolánky u Turnova, Hruštice ( Hruschtitz ), Kadeřavec, Kyselov, Loužek, Malý Rohozec, Mašov, Mokřiny, Nudvojovice ( Nudwojowitz ), Ohrazenice ( Wochrasenitzo, 2nd part ), Peleazenice ( Wochrasenitzice 2nd part ), Peleazenice Rovinka, Skalní město, Turnov-střed, U Jizery, U nádraží, Výšinka and Za nádražím.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Bukovina u Turnova, Daliměřice, Malý Rohozec, Mašov u Turnova and Turnov.
Twin cities
Attractions
- Gothic church of St. Nicholas from the 14th century (reconstruction in Baroque style in 1722)
- St. Mary's Basilica
- Renaissance town hall from 1526 (reconstruction in 1894 and 1993)
- Franciscan monastery of the early baroque with the church of St. Francis of Assisi from the years 1651–55
- Marien Cemetery Church (1823/53)
- Museum of the Bohemian Paradise Museum Český ráj, u. a. with the 8.5 × 10 meter diorama Pobití Sasíků pod Hrubou Skalou ("The slaughter of the Saxons under Hrubá Skála ") created by Mikoláš Aleš in 1895
- Turnov Jewish cemetery and synagogue
- Hrubý Rohozec Castle in the north of the city
Náměstí Českého ráje (“Market Square of the Bohemian Paradise”) with a savings bank and Franciscan church
Town hall (right)
Marienkirche
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Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Antonín Marek (1785–1877), writer and translator
- Josef Pekař (1870–1937), historian
- Josef Vítězslav Šimák (1870–1941), historian
- Zdeněk Folprecht (1900–1961), composer
- Georg Christian von Lobkowitz (1907–1932), nobleman and automobile racing driver
- Jan Patočka (1907–1977), philosopher
- Jan Kotík (1916–2002), painter
- Josef Jíra (1929–2005), painter, graphic artist and illustrator
- Alexandr Kliment (1929–2017), prose writer, author of psychological novels and poet
- Vlastimil Picek (* 1956), military person
- Jaroslav Rudiš (* 1972), writer and journalist
- Magda Rezlerová (* 1982), former biathlete
- Lenka Muclingerová (* 1987), former cross-country skier and biathlete
- Adam Hloušek (* 1988), football player
- Roman Koudelka (* 1989), ski jumper
- Adam Sebastian Helcelet (* 1991), decathlete
People who have worked in the city
- Georg Israel (around 1505–1588), preacher of the Bohemian Brethren
- Josef Wenzig (1807–1876), writer and author of libretti
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/577626/Turnov
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/577626/Obec-Turnov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/577626/Obec-Turnov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/577626/Obec-Turnov