Ignacy Krasicki

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Ignacy Krasicki
Krasicki as Prince-Bishop of Warmia in choral clothing around 1768

Ignacy Krasicki Błażej Franciszek listen ? / i (also Count Ignatius Krasicki ; * February 3, 1735 in Dubiecko ; † March 14, 1801 in Berlin ) was Prince-Bishop of Warmia , Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland . In addition, he was a well-known Polish writer and Enlightenment representative in Poland-Lithuania . Audio file / audio sample

Life

Ignacy was born into the aristocratic family of the Krasickis , who held the title of Imperial Count of the Holy Roman Empire . His spiritual career began with training at the Jesuit College in Lemberg (1743–1750) and was continued at the Seminary of the Missionaries of Saint Vincent in Warsaw (1751–1754). In 1759 he was ordained a priest, in the same year (until 1761) he continued his education in Rome .

In 1765 Krasicki was appointed court chaplain by the Polish King Stanislaus II August ; In 1766 he was appointed coadjutor of the Prince-Bishop of Warmia Adam Stanislaus Grabowski . Grabowski died that same year; Krasicki was called to be his successor and was ordained bishop on December 28, 1766 in the Theatiner Church in Warsaw.

After Krasicki got to know Frederick the Great in 1772, after the incorporation of his prince-bishopric into the Kingdom of Prussia , he inaugurated the Saint Hedwig's Cathedral in Berlin in 1773 . During this time, Krasicki often stayed with Friedrich in Sanssouci ; at the same time he was friends with the Polish King Stanislaus II August, who in 1774 awarded him the Order of the White Eagle .

In 1786 Krasicki was appointed to the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. After the death of Frederick the Great (1786), the good relationship with the Prussian royal house persisted and he maintained good relationships with Friedrich Wilhelm II and Friedrich Wilhelm III. Friedrich Wilhelm II successfully nominated him in 1795 for the election of Archbishop of Gniezno (Gniezno); the appointment took place on December 22, 1795. 1798 he was by Friedrich Wilhelm III. awarded the Order of the Red Eagle .

Krasicki died on March 14, 1801 in Berlin and was buried in St. Hedwig's Cathedral. In 1829 his remains were transferred to the Cathedral of Gniezno .

Create

Krasicki's importance results less from his high ecclesiastical position than from his literary activity. He used to delegate pastoral tasks and preferred to work as a political advisor, art patron, poet and enlightener . From 1765 he published numerous articles in the Warsaw magazine Monitor , z. T. under a pseudonym. He wrote plays and had them performed in his residence.

His friendship with Frederick the Great resulted in the satirical book Monachomachia (German: Monks' War ) published in 1778 . Written for the enlightened, religiously tolerant to indifferent Frederick the Great, this book earned him fierce criticism from Poland; The fact that a Polish bishop wrote for a Prussian ruler who initiated the partition of Poland among his neighbors six years earlier met with considerable incomprehension. In response, Krasicki wrote the Anti-Monachomachia (1780) to remove the bad impression.

A number of other writings originate from his pen, including the fables and parables published in 1779 as well as numerous satires, comedies and poems. In 1781 he published the first Polish encyclopedia in two volumes in Michael Gröll's Warsaw printing works.

Today Krasicki is considered to be one of the most important representatives of Polish Enlightenment literature.

Works

  • Myszeis (Mäuseade) 1775, German 1790
  • Mikołaja Doświadczyńskiego przypadki (The Incidents of Mikolaj Doświadczyński) 1775
  • Pan Podstoli (Der Herr Unterertruchsess) 1778, German 1779
  • Monachomachia (war of the monks, satire on ignorance and indolence of monks) 1778, dt.
  • Bajki i Przypowieści (Fables and Parables), 1779, German 1796
  • Antimonachomachia 1780;
  • Fables. [Adaptations by Martin Remané. Illustrations by Jan Marcin Szancer.] Berlin, Holz, 1956.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry on Ignacy Błażej Franciszek Krasicki on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on March 26, 2019.

literature

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Adam Stanislaus Grabowski Bishop of Warmia
1766 - 1795 		Karl von Hohenzollern-Hechingen
personal data
SURNAME Krasicki, Ignacy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krasicki, Ignatius von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish clergyman and writer
DATE OF BIRTH February 3, 1735
PLACE OF BIRTH Dubiecko , Poland
DATE OF DEATH March 14, 1801
Place of death Berlin , Germany