BHStB IVa5
BHStB / BHLB / SHS IVa5 JDŽ series 83 ZB 4 III |
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Manufacturer: |
Krauss , MÁVAG , Jung , Đuro Đaković |
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Years of construction: | 1903-1949 | |
Wheel alignment | D'1 n2v | D'1 h2 |
Gauge | 760 mm / 1000 mm | |
Length over buffers: | 13 700 mm | |
Top speed: | 35 km / h | |
Service weight | 36 t | 38 t |
Friction mass: | 32 t | |
Driving wheel diameter: | 900 mm | |
Impeller diameter: | 650 mm | |
fixed wheel base: | 3300 mm | |
Total wheel base: | 5650 mm | |
Cylinder diameter: | 370/550 mm | 430 mm |
Grate area: | 1.7 m² | |
Boiler overpressure: | 13 bar | 12 bar |
Evaporation heating surface: | 112 m² | 88 m² |
Superheater area: | - | 24 m² |
The IVa5 series was a narrow-gauge steam locomotive with a tender of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian State Railways (BHStB) and the Yugoslavian State Railways (JDŽ, later JŽ) built in large numbers . The locomotives of the JDŽ were designated as class 83 , and they continued to procure locomotives of this type for years.
particularities
- Old Austrian narrow-gauge locomotive construction built in large numbers
- built by five manufacturers in almost unchanged form over a period of 45 years
- individual copies are still in use - and not just on museum railways
- the majority went to 760 mm, some copies but were meter gauge executed
- was in operation on the large south-east European narrow-gauge network in Bosnian gauge , also drove in Hungary, Austria and was also in use in the USSR
history
In 1878, by resolution of the Berlin Congress, Austria-Hungary occupied the previously Ottoman (Turkish) countries of Bosnia and Herzegovina and incorporated them into the dual monarchy of that time as regions with a special status . Shortly afterwards, railway construction began with the then exotic gauge of 760 mm - it is still known today as the Bosnian gauge. The kk Bosnabahn, the Bosnian-Herzegovinian State Railways , which later became the Bosnian-Herzegovinian State Railways, operated a growing network with 760 mm narrow gauge, mostly in difficult terrain.
After a large number of different locomotive series, a design was achieved in 1903 that was to become the standard locomotive of the narrow-gauge network. Krauss / Linz , specializing in local railway and narrow-gauge machines, delivered as IVa 5 1000ff. a four-coupler wet steam composite construction with a tender , which should prove to be a good success for the rapidly growing narrow-gauge network. The superheated steam variant IVa 5 1100ff. could convince even more. Since the special status of Bosnia-Herzegovina provided for joint administration by the Austrian and Hungarian halves of the empire, the Budapest machine factory was also given individual tranches for replicas.
The end of the monarchy made Bosnia-Herzegovina part of the new SHS state . The state railways of this forerunner state of Yugoslavia expanded the 760 mm network extensively and connected the Bosnian-Herzegovinian with the Serbian routes. The need for further IVa 1100ff. was big, as there were new routes all the way to Belgrade . Since there were no locomotive factories of its own in the SHS state at that time, the production orders of the now went as 1300ff. as well as RU designated machines to Budapest as well as to Germany to Jung / Jungenthal . Two Serbian private railways also ordered a total of four machines.
After the founding of Yugoslavia , more machines were needed. The Yugoslav manufacturer Đuro Đaković and the Budapest locomotive factory , which has since been renamed MÁVAG , delivered the last examples in 1948 and 1949, the last of the series now designated as 83. The construction was now 45 years old.
The 83 with the highest number was the 83-182. The 182 is not the total number of machines built, because on the one hand there was a numbering gap and on the other hand, three Serbian private railway machines were later added to the state railway scheme with a second line-up.
Due to the long construction time and the large number of units, class 83 locomotives could keep in operation for a long time. In 1966, the Austrian journal Eisenbahn published official statistics for the Yugoslav State Railways. As of December 31, 1965, the "83 D1-n2v / h2" range still included:
Directorate | number |
---|---|
Sarajevo | 118 |
Belgrade | 41 |
Titograd | 10 |
.
According to their own information, the JŽ still had a total of 169 locomotives of the 83 series at that time. However, this list lacks seven machines that drove in the Zagreb division on the former kkStB route Split - Sinj , which had no connection with the large narrow-gauge network.
Some locomotives built by MÁVAG never came to Yugoslavia, but stayed in Hungary. They ran on meter gauge on a works railway in eastern Hungary until the 1980s. One of these machines was preserved as a monument locomotive. Another MÁVAG machine, the 83-040, was in use on the pioneer railway in Kharkiv in the Ukraine until the 1950s .
The 83-175 hauled the farewell train on May 26, 1979 on the last Bosnian narrow-gauge line from Bijeljina to Bosanska Mezgraja . The last 83 in service in Serbia were the 83-020, 035, 037, 064 and 182. They drove on the Mladenovac - Aranđelovac - Lajkovac route until 1983 . Six 83s came to the Banovići coal railway , where two locomotives are being kept operational as reserves. This railway is considered to be the last place of use in the series' commercial freight train service in its traditional area of operation.
The IVa5 is also considered a model for the Mh / Mv (ÖBB 399/299) built by Krauss / Linz for the Lower Austrian State Railways - both types are occasionally confused. Both designs differ fundamentally, despite their external similarities, while the standing tank on the class 83 locomotives is supported by a trailing axle, the Mv and Mh are from the NÖLB support tank locomotives . The 85 series of the JD® is considered a more powerful further development of the 83 series .
Preserved copies
Since the series was built in large numbers for over four decades without any noteworthy change, a number of copies could be obtained. "Survivors" of the 83 are known not only in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, but also in Croatia, Macedonia, Hungary and Austria.
For Austrian railway enthusiasts, the events on the railways of Southeast Europe were of great interest, as numerous series of old Austrian construction drove partly, mostly or even entirely beyond the current state borders. When steam production came to an end in these countries too, interest decreased. From around 1975 onwards, the Austrian trade journals no longer reported quite as intensively on the railroad events beyond the red, white and red border bars. Bans on photography at the railway companies made reporting even more difficult. Nevertheless, during this time the Austrian Club 760 managed to acquire several Yugoslavian narrow-gauge locomotives, including an 83, for museum preservation.
In 1987, at the celebrations for the 150th anniversary of the Austrian railways, the focus was briefly on the 83-076, which was rescued and externally restored during this campaign, and an Austrian locomotive that had never before operated in what is now Austria. The 83-076 is owned by Club 760, was loaned to the Zillertalbahn and, after being repaired in the Meiningen steam locomotive works , runs there as the ZB 4 III.
The last place of work in the area of the former Yugoslavia is the Banovići coal railway . The 83-158 and 159 are still in use there occasionally after the turn of the millennium. The inoperable machine 83-181 is also located there. The steam locomotives were preferred for shunting in Banovici because they are more powerful than the existing diesel locomotives of the former 740 series of JŽ. The 83-180 was from the Banovići coal mine in August 1998 to the Feistritztalbahn Betriebsges. mbH was sold for the Feistritztalbahn , but was only transferred from Bosnia to Styria in 2001.
Copies of this series could also be reserved for the newly built Serbian museum and tourist railway Šarganska osmica near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The 83-052 and 83-173 received a general inspection and have been in use for several years.
Further specimens can be found in the narrow-gauge railway museum in Požega (Serbia) and as monuments in various places, such as the 83-182 mentioned in Lajkovac.
Operational examples of the 83 series were available in 2016 on the Banovići coal railway, the Šarganska osmica, the Zillertal Railway and the Feistritztal Railway.
Overview of all locomotives
BHStB no. | BHLB no. | SHS | JDŽ no. | Manufacturer | Factory number / year of construction |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1301-1337 | 83-001 - 83-037 | MÁVAG | 4963-4999 / 1929 | ||
1338-1344 | 83-038 - 83-044 | MÁVAG | 5001-5007 / 1929 | ||
RU 1 - RU 24 | 83-045 - 83-068 | Jung / Jungenthal | 3527-3550 / 1923 | ||
IVa5 1101 | IVa5 1101 | 83-069 | Krauss / Linz | 5972/1909 | |
IVa5 1102-1108 | IVa5 1102-1108 | 83-070 - 83-076 | Krauss / Linz | 6029-6035 / 1909 | |
IVa5 1109-1111 | IVa5 1109-1111 | 83-077 - 83-079 | MÁVAG | 2674-2676 / 1911 | |
IVa5 1112-1115 | IVa5 1112-1115 | 83-080 - 83-083 | Krauss / Linz | 6442-6445 / 1911 | |
IVa5 1116-1117 | IVa5 1116-1117 | 83-084 - 83-085 | Krauss / Linz | 6583-6584 / 1912 | |
IVa5 1118-1119 | IVa5 1118-1119 | MÁVAG | 3030-3031 / 1912 | ||
IVa5 1120-1125 | IVa5 1120-1125 | 83-088 - 83-093 | Krauss / Linz | 6725-6730 / 1913 | |
IVa5 1126-1128 | IVa5 1126-1128 | 83-094 - 83-096 | Krauss / Linz | 6892-6894 / 1914 | |
IVa5 1129-1131 | IVa5 1129-1131 | 83-097 - 83-099 | MÁVAG | 3577-3579 / 1914 | |
IVa5 1132-1135 | IVa5 1132-1135 | 83-100 - 83-103 | MÁVAG | 3966-3969 / 1914 | |
IVa5 1136-1139 | IVa5 1136-1139 | 83-104 - 83-107 | Krauss / Linz | 7141-7144/1916 | |
IVa5 1140-1151 | IVa5 1140-1151 | 83-108 - 83-119 | Krauss / Linz | 7289-7300 / 1917 | |
IVa5 1152-1155 | IVa5 1152-1155 | 83-120 - 83-123 | Krauss / Linz | 7500-7503 / 1919 | |
IVa5 1001-1004 | IVa5 1001-1004 | IVa5 1001-1004 | 83-124 - 83-127 | Krauss / Linz | 5068-5071 / 1903 |
IVa5 1005-1010 | IVa5 1005-1010 | IVa5 1005-1010 | 83-128 - 83-133 | Krauss / Linz | 5189-5194 / 1904 |
IVa5 1011-1017 | IVa5 1011-1017 | IVa5 1011-1017 | 83-134 - 83-140 | Krauss / Linz | 5472-5478 / 1906 |
IVa5 1018-1024 | IVa5 1018-1024 | IVa5 1018-1024 | 83-141 - 83-147 | Krauss / Linz | 5763–5769 / 1907 and 1908, respectively |
IVa5 1025-1029 | IVa5 1025-1029 | IVa5 1025-1029 | 83-148 - 83-152 | MÁVAG | 2063-2067 / 1908 |
83-153 - 83-162 | Ðuro Ðakovic | 48-57 / 1948 | |||
83-163 - 83-168 | MÁVAG | 5676-5681 / 1948 | |||
83-173 - 83-182 | Ðuro Ðakovic | 129-138 / 1949 |
Some original machines ended up in Hungary, where they were partially included in the series scheme of the Hungarian State Railways MÁV:
JŽ | MÁV |
83-021 | - |
83-032 | 483.101 |
83-043 | 483.001 |
83-070 | 483.102 (?) |
83-105 | 483.103 (?) |
On the other hand:
MÁVAG | MÁV | intended as |
5682/1950 | OKÜ 29 | (83-169) |
5683/1950 | Diosgyor 485.5002 | (83-170) |
5684/1950 | OKÜ 36 | (83-171) |
5685/1950 | OKÜ 30 | (83-172) |
built | Private railway number | JŽ number |
Jung 3808/1926 | POŽ 11 | 83-021 II |
Jung 3808/1926 | POŽ 12 | 83-035 II |
O&K 11800/1928 | POŽ 21 | JDŽ П 21 II |
Jung 3999/1926 | ŽDB S 83-3 | 83-043 II |
literature
- H. Strach: The history of the railways of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy .
- Bernhard Schmeiser: Krauss locomotives . Slezak publishing house
- Tadej Braté: The steam locomotives of Yugoslavia . Slezak publishing house, Vienna 1971, ISBN 3-900134-01-4
- Walter Krobot, JO Slezak, H. Sternhart: Narrow gauge through Austria . 4th edition. Slezak publishing house, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-85416-095-X
- Keith Chester: The Narrow Gauge Railways of Bosnia-Hercegovina. Stenvall Verlag, 2006, ISBN 91-7266-166-6
- Johann Rihosek : The locomotives of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian state railways . Reprint 2005
- Zoran Veresić: Steam in Serbia 1882-2007 . Royal Railway Society of Serbia, Belgrade 2007
- Werner Schiendl , Franz Gemeinböck: The railways in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1918–2016 . Edition Bahn im Film, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-9503096-7-6 .
Web links
- Complete overview of all received 83s in the Austrian Steam Base
- List of all built locomotives of the JDŽ 83 series
References and comments
- ↑ Hellmuth Fröhlich: The stock of narrow-gauge locomotives of the JŽ on December 31st. 1965 . Eisenbahn Österreich 7/1966, pp. 146–147.
- ↑ Paul Engelbert, The TU2 pages: Pioneer railways in the Ukraine ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Banovici: Double Headed Class 83. Accessed on 30 December 2012 .
- ^ Bosnian-Herzegovinian state railways