Joachim Andreas von Schlick

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Joachim Andreas von Schlick, Count of Passaun and Weißkirchen ( Czech Jáchym Ondřej hrabě Šlik ; born September 9, 1569 in Schlackenwerth ; † June 21, 1621 in Prague ), was one of the leaders of the Protestant estates in Bohemia .

Execution of Schlick

Life

The Schlick , originally resident as patricians in the free imperial city of Eger and raised to the nobility with Kaspar Schlick in 1422 , had grown rich with mining in Sankt Joachimsthal . Schlick's parents were Julius Graf von Schlick and Anna Ungnad von Weissenwolff . Joachim Andreas von Schlick studied in Jena and was a prince educator at the Electoral Saxon court in Dresden .

Schlick's real estate was mainly in western Bohemia. Through his second marriage to Anna Katharina Smiřický von Smiřice , he acquired the North Bohemian estate Svijany bei Turnov in 1614 . His son Julius († 1623) and his two daughters came from their first marriage with Anna von Liebstein and Kolowrat.

From the turn of the century he became more involved in politics in his homeland, on the side of the class opposition to Emperor Rudolf II. In 1608 at the Bohemian Landtag he presented the petition written by Wenceslaus von Budovec to the Emperor , with which the Protestant classes demanded religious freedom for themselves . At the turn of the year 1608/1609 he was involved in the negotiation of the Treaty of Libeň . In March 1609 he again appeared before Emperor Rudolf II as spokesman for the estates on the Hradschin , but without being able to achieve anything. Thereupon he was sent by the Estates opposition to Dresden in order to win the support of the Saxon Elector Christian II for the evangelical cause. In June he was again sent to the emperor as spokesman for the estates to hand over the draft for the letter of majesty .

After the letter of majesty was issued, Schlick was elected one of the 30 defensors of the Protestant religion in Bohemia. He now made energetic efforts to erect churches for the Lutherans. Schlick achieved that from 1609 Lutheran services could be held in St. Benedict's Church in Prague. The construction of the Church of St. Salvator and the associated school can be largely traced back to his initiative. He had bought the building site and donated 1200 thalers for it. The school opened in 1611 and the church in 1614. The Saxon court preacher Matthias Hoë von Hoënegg worked as school rector until 1613. This clergyman, hostile to the Calvinists, became a bitter enemy of Count Schlick at the time of the uprising.

He soon came into opposition to the new ruler of Bohemia, Emperor Matthias . In 1614, Schlick was one of those nobles who contemplated his deposition and wanted to offer the Bohemian throne to Johann Georg von Sachsen . Nevertheless, in 1617 he was persuaded by the emperor to vote for his nephew Ferdinand II as his successor in Bohemia. His wavering attitude became clear when, shortly after the momentous decision, he again worked on the side of the opposition against the Habsburgs .

After the second lintel in Prague in 1618, he was head of the provisional government in Prague. He was entrusted by the estates with the drafting of the second apology, which was supposed to justify the actions of the Bohemian rebels before the European public. In 1619 Schlick again advocated the election of the Saxon Elector Johann Georg as Bohemian King, but could not prevail and the choice fell on the later "Winter King" Friedrich von der Pfalz . Schlick was then at the head of the estate delegation, which Friedrich welcomed on the border near Waldsassen as the new Bohemian king. The new king appointed him bailiff of Upper Lusatia in the summer of 1620 . In this office, however, Schlick could hardly develop any effectiveness, since the occupation of the margravate began in September.

After the defeat of the Protestants in the Battle of the White Mountain , Schlick hid in 1621 at Friedland Castle , which belonged to his cousin Christoph von Redern . He was betrayed and captured by the troops of the Saxon Elector and brought to Dresden. At the request of Emperor Ferdinand II, Johann Georg I extradited him to Prague, where he was the first of 27 leaders of the Bohemian uprising to be publicly beheaded in the Old Town Square ; his right hand was nailed to the gate of the Old Town Bridge Tower of the Charles Bridge . He was buried in St. Salvator's Church .

With the electoral Saxon court preacher Matthias Hoë von Hoënegg in 1619, Schlick had a journalistic debate about the relationship between Calvinists and Lutherans, which was widely regarded by contemporaries.

literature

swell

  • Fasciculus Ex Bohemia: [5 parts] I . D. Matthiae Hoen's letter to Count Joachim Andres Schlick from Wolgeborn. II . Wolmeynend Missiv to D. Hoen / because of his letter / so he did to the Wolgeborn Herr Graf. III . & IV . Kurtze repetition / how and how far D. Martin Luther compared himself with the Reformists. V . Item / How much Lutherans hold good brotherly unity with the Reformed ...; From this it can be seen clearly how unreasonably D. Hoe treats and exclaims the Reformed people without distinguishing between Oriental Antichrists and Turks. [Prague et al.] 1619.

Secondary literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schlick, Joachim Andreas von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schlick von Passaun and Weißkirchen, Joachim Andreas von (full name)
SHORT DESCRIPTION Leader of the Protestant Estates in Bohemia
DATE OF BIRTH September 9, 1569
PLACE OF BIRTH Slag value
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1621
PLACE OF DEATH Prague