Svijany
| Svijany | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Liberecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Liberec | ||||
| Area : | 269.7033 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 34 ' N , 15 ° 3' E | ||||
| Height: | 255 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 329 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 463 46 | ||||
| License plate : | L. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Turnov - Mnichovo Hradiště | ||||
| Railway connection: | Prague - Turnov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Petr Lelek (as of 2008) | ||||
| Address: | Svijany 69 463 46 Příšovice |
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| Municipality number: | 564443 | ||||
| Website : | www.obecsvijany.cz | ||||
Svijany (German Swijan ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers west of Turnov and belongs to the Okres Liberec . The place is best known for the brewery company Pivovar Svijany , which is one of the oldest in the Czech Republic, and the Battle of Podol .
geography
Svijany is located on the right bank of the Jizera below the confluence of the Příšovka in the Turnovská pahorkatina ( Turnauer hill country ). To the south are the rocky landscapes of the Bohemian Paradise . Svijany is located on the R 10 / E 65 expressway and the Prague-Turnov railway line, where the nearest train station is in Příšovice .
Neighboring towns are Svijanský Újezd and Vitanovice in the north, Pěnčín and Čtveřín in the Northeast, Příšovice and Podolí in the east, Mokrý, Ploukovice, Všeň and Břehy the southeast, Doubrava and Dařenice in the south, Loukov and Loukovec in the southwest, Kyjov and Koryta the west and Sezemice , Jirsko 1. díl, Jirsko 2. díl and Močítka in the northwest.
history
Based on archaeological finds, a settlement of the area can be proven up to the Neolithic . After 1145 the area belonged to the Hradiště monastery , which built a farm on the Jizera. It is believed that the monks kept a large pack of pigs on the farm and that the name of the village is derived from this. On August 23, 1345, the first written mention took place, when the brother Nicholas was named as grangiarius (administrator) in Swinian . In 1417 the monastery sold the farm to Heinrich von Wartenberg with the right of reversion after death. After the destruction of the monastery by the Hussites , Svijany was first occupied by the Taborites , then the Orebites and from 1424 by Jan Žižka . In 1437, Emperor Sigismund released the Svinary court together with the court village Jenišovice and other localities from the monastery property and handed it over to Hynek von Waldstein . In 1468, German armies passed through the village, supporting the Bohemian Catholics in the fight against Georg von Podebrady . On June 4, 1468, Bohemian troops under Jindřich von Michlovice pierced the dams of the ponds in order to flood the camp of their opponents at Březina ; then they attacked the drowning people.
In 1534 Johann von Wartenberg bought Wolf Kraiger von Kraigk's farm on Zvířetice and Hrubý Rohozec . He enlarged the rule and two years later bought the Skal estate from Karl von Waldstein , which was then called the Wartenberger Skal ( Skály vartenberské ). Svijany became part of the combined rule of Wartenberger Skal and Gross Rohosetz. John's son Adam von Wartenberg in 1564 acquired the right to brew and built a brewery in Svijany. In the following year an inheritance was divided between the sons of Adam, in which Svijany fell to Jaroslav von Wartenberg. In 1578 he had a two-wing renaissance castle built on a hill above the Jizera, which he made his seat. After his death, his widow, Anna Katharina Smiřický von Smiřice , inherited the rule and brought it into her second marriage to Joachim Andreas von Schlick in 1614 . Schlick was executed in 1621 as the leader of the class uprising in Prague and his goods were sold to Albrecht von Waldstein in 1622 . The Waldsteiners received back Münchengrätz and Swijan from the goods confiscated after the murder of Wallenstein and held the rule until 1820. In 1775, 1794 and 1818 the subjects revolted against the Counts of Waldstein. After Prince Charles Alain de Rohan bought the Swijan rule in 1820, he united them with Sychrov . The castle was reconstructed under the Prince Rohan.
After the abolition of patrimonial Svijany formed from 1850 a district of the municipality Podolí in the political district Turnov . During the German War , the battle of Podol and Swijan took place on June 26, 1866 on the Iser . In 1877 the Podol-Swijan Volunteer Fire Brigade was established . In 1890 Swijan had 502 inhabitants and 280 people lived in Podol. In 1910, Podolí consisted of 38 houses and Svijany 30. Together, 502 inhabitants lived in Podolí, all of them Czech. By 1914 the population had decreased to 490. From 1921 Svojany formed its own political municipality. In 1924 a reinforced concrete bridge was built over the Jizera near Podolí. On April 20, 1929, the communities Podolí and Svijany merged to form Svijany. The following year, the decision was made to build a new school, which was implemented in 1932. In 1930 432 people lived in the 66 houses of the community. At the end of the Second World War, in March 1945, refugees from Silesia came to the village, and the Wehrmacht built fortifications against the advancing Red Army . In 1950 the community consisted of 73 houses and 326 inhabitants. In 1976 it was incorporated into Příšovice . The municipality of Svijany has existed again since 1990. In 1941, 1978, 2000 and 2006 parts of the village were flooded by the Jizera floods.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Svijany. Basic settlement units are Podolí ( Podol ) and Svijany ( Swijan ).
Attractions
- Svijany Castle, built in 1565 for the Lords of Wartenberg and rebuilt by the Waldsteiners between 1768 and 1789. The castle chapel was consecrated in 1768
- Nature reserve Bažantnice u Loukova, southwest of the village on the Jizera
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk, created 1733
- Statue of St. Anthony of Padua, from 1741
- Mill on the Jizera, one of the owners of the manorial mill built in 1420 was Michal Mácha, a brother of Karel Hynek Mácha . After the old mill burned down in 1938, it was rebuilt as a modern industrial facility.
