Nové Město pod Smrkem

Nové Město pod Smrkem
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Liberecký kraj
District :	Liberec
Area :	2892.8459 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 56 ' N , 15 ° 14' E Coordinates: 50 ° 56 '0 " N , 15 ° 14' 0" E
Height:	465 m nm
Residents :	3,674 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	463 65
License plate :	L.
traffic
Railway connection:	Frýdlant v Čechách – Jindřichovice pod Smrkem
structure
Status:	city
Districts:	3
administration
Mayor :	Pavel Smutný (status: 2007)
Address:	Palackého 280 ; 463 65 Nové Město pod Smrkem
Municipality number:	564265
Website :	www.nmps.cz

Nové Město pod Smrkem (German Neustadt an der Tafelfichte , formerly Neustadtl , also Böhmisch Neustadtl ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It belongs to the North Bohemian Okres Liberec .

Geographical location

City area and surroundings seen from a mountain

The city is located in northern Bohemia at 465 m above sea level. M. north of the Jizera Mountains at the foot of the table spruce ( Smrk , 1124 m) at the transition to the Jizera Mountains foreland . The Andělský vrch ( Schöbicht , 572 m) rises to the east and the Jindřichovický hřeben ( Heinersdorfer Ridge ) with the Hřebenáč ( Kohlhübel , 566 m) to the north . The city is located on the left bank of the Lomnice ( Lomnitz ) and is crossed by a stream Novoměstský Potok.

history

Street in the city center

Protestant church

Melchior von Redern founded the town of Böhmisch-Neustadt in 1584 as a mining town for those Saxon miners who mined copper, iron and tin in the surrounding mountains. Already in 1592 it granted its town charter and Neustadt received its town coat of arms as well as other privileges such as the prospecting right or the right to hold a weekly market. The square market square and the regularly laid out streets are still reminiscent of this time and have similarities to the Saxon-Erzgebirge mountain town of Marienberg . The town of “Böhmisch Neustadt” lived from tin mining for a long time. Both vessels for Friedland Castle and coffins for the noble family resident there were made from Neustadt pewter. Mining came to a standstill as a result of the Thirty Years' War. The residents of Neustadt did not take part in the uprising from 1679 to 1681 under the leadership of the Rückersdorfer blacksmith Andreas Stelzig.

The new main source of income were sawmills, flax and cotton spinning and the linen trade. Since the 1840s, machines have replaced manual work in textile production at Ignaz Klinger , whose successor company, after more than 100 years, was the company "Textilana". The Klingermausoleum and the Villa Ottomar Klinger bear witness to this era. Porcelain, toys and metal products were also produced. Other parts of the population earned their livelihood by making painted porcelain house numbers. The place belonged from the middle of the 19th century to the Friedland district . The traditional name Neustadtl was changed to "Neustadt an der Tafelfichte" in 1901 at the request of the citizens.

After the Munich Agreement , the town was to the German Reich affiliated and belonged until 1945 to the county Friedland , Region of Usti nad Labem , in the Reich District of Sudetenland .

Until the Second World War , members of the German ethnic group formed the majority in the city (1930: 95.8%). Most of them were expelled in 1945 and 1946, and some families voluntarily moved to the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany .

Demographics

Until 1945 Neustadt was mainly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.

Population development until 1945
year	Residents	Remarks
1830	2430	in 379 houses
1857	2993	on October 31st
1900	5457	German residents
1930	4279
1939	3908

Population since the end of the Second World War
year	1870	1930	1980	1991	2001	2003	2005	2010
Residents	4158	3442	3916	3883	4018	3915	3922	3897

Community structure

Nové Město pod Smrkem consists of the districts Hajniště ( Hegewald ), Ludvíkov pod Smrkem ( Lusdorf ad Tafelfichte ) and Nové Město pod Smrkem ( Neustadt an der Tafelfichte ), which also form cadastral districts. Basic settlement units are Hajniště, Ludvíkov pod Smrkem, Nové Město pod Smrkem, Podlesí ( edge of the forest ) and Přebytek ( Übersar ).

Attractions

Sour well

Church of Saints Peter and Paul ( Kostel sv. Petra a Pavla , from 1346 with a Gothic presbytery) in the Ludvíkov district
Church of St. Catherine ( Kostel sv. Kateřiny , originally a Protestant church from 1607, occupied by a Catholic priest in 1683 at the instigation of Count Franz Ferdinand von Gallas ). The building, which originally consisted of half-timbered houses, was given a tower in 1693. In 1821–1829 the church got its present appearance after a renovation. Josef Führich from Chrastava painted the altarpiece. The entrance area is decorated with an iron cross on a stone plinth from 1816 and a statue of St. Nepomuk from 1770.
Monument to the scientist Gottfried Menzel from 1880 in the park behind the church.

Marble obelisk for Gottfried Menzel

Evangelical Church - a building from 1911 with a slim tower according to the plans of Otto Bartning . The chorale of Martin Luther “A strong castle is our God” should be the occasion to create a more functional building - consisting of a church and a community hall. The inauguration was celebrated on August 11, 1911. As early as 1928 Neustadt an der Tafelfichte had an independent parish of the German Evangelical Church. After the Second World War, the building complex was taken over by the Evangelical Church of the Bohemian Brothers , which provided a home for emigrants, especially from Volhynia and Sellau .
Mausoleum of the Klinger entrepreneurial family (opening of the building on July 9 and 10, 1901).
Sauerbrunnen (Pramen Novoměstská kyselka) south of the village on the slope of the Copper Mountain (Měděnec), 777 m. A source of calcium bricarbonate with rich parts of iron and carbonic acid. It also contains a small amount of radioactive materials.
Starting point for hikes on the table spruce (Smrk), 1124 m.
The Villa Klinger is a castle-like structure that was built in 1891 for Ottomar Ignaz Klinger von Klingerstorff. It is now privately owned again and has been restored.

traffic

Nové Město pod Smrkem is located on the Frýdlant v Čechách – Jindřichovice pod Smrkem railway line .

sons and daughters of the town

Gottfried Menzel (1798–1879), dean and scientist
Anton Pohl (1870–1939), founder of the local consumer association, later a leading consumer cooperative in Austria
Josef Hartmann (1880–1954), Austrian politician
Alfred Baeumler (1887–1968), philosopher and educator , played a leading role in shaping education under National Socialism
Hermann Michel (1888–1965), mineralogist and gemstone specialist
Oskar Ignaz Wilhelm Ottomar Klinger (1852-1918), owner of the Ignaz Klinger company until 1934, on December 20, 1902, Mayor Adolf Glöckner made him an honorary citizen of Neustadt an der Tafelfichte.

literature

Marek Řeháček: The Jizera Mountains. Hiking guide through the mountains and its surroundings . Kalendář Liberecka, 2003.
Mahulena Čejková; Evangelical Church of the Bohemian Brothers (ed.): On the trail of Reformation sites in the Czech Republic. Trilabit, Praha 2011, ISBN 978-80-87098-19-6 .