Joachim Haupt

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Joachim Haupt (born April 7, 1900 in Frankfurt (Oder); † May 13, 1989 in Neustadt am Rübenberge ; pseudonym: Winfrid ) was a German politician ( NSDAP ).

Live and act

Haupt came from a family of officials. His father died early. He attended the Friedrichgymnasium in Frankfurt (Oder) and in the last years of the war the Royal Prussian Principal Cadet Institute in Berlin-Lichterfelde , which he graduated from high school in 1919. After the war he joined the Maercker Freikorps . He then studied philosophy from 1920 to 1928 at the universities in Kiel , Frankfurt am Main and Greifswald . Haupt financed his studies through manual work, including underground.

As a student, Haupt founded a National Socialist working group in Frankfurt in 1921. Before that, he had already published a program guide on German National Socialism. Haupt was a leading member of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) in northern Germany since 1922. Haupt was the founder in 1922 and editor-in-chief of the newspaper Pommerscher Beobachter until 1923 , which later became part of the newspaper Norddeutscher Beobachter . From 1924 to 1928 he was active in the NSDAP local group in Kiel. There he founded and directed the National Socialist Student Union (NSDStB). From 1926 to 1928 he was university group leader of the NSDStB in Kiel . At the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel , Haupt organized rioting by the Nazi student body. At that time, Haupt was also a candidate for the post of leader of the NSDStB, which was eventually awarded to his rival Baldur von Schirach . Later, Haupt again competed with von Schirach for an important party office, namely that of the leader of the Hitler Youth , for which he applied as Ernst Röhm's candidate . Hitler supported Haupt's appointment for a while, but eventually decided on Schirach.

In 1929 Haupt received his doctorate from Professors Freyer and Litt in Leipzig . From 1928 he taught as a study assessor in Kiel and Ratzeburg as well as an educator at the State Educational Institute in Plön , where he was dismissed in 1931 after repeated warnings for National Socialist influence on the students and homoerotic relationships by President Kürbis. From 1931 to 1933 he was editor of the Lower Saxony daily newspaper in Hanover. He also regularly contributed articles for the Völkischer Beobachter . Haupt was a member of the NSDAP in the Prussian state parliament from 1932 to 1933 .

After the Nazis' seizure of power "1933 head was as Councilor to the Prussian Ministry of Science, Art and Education appointed (PMWKV) which, at the May 1, 1934 Reich Ministry of Science, Education and Culture was. There he was subordinate to the newly appointed Minister Bernhard Rust . In September of the same year he became SA-Sturmbannführer . Haupt was acting head of the university department of the PMWKV from November 1933 to April 1934. In April 1934 he became inspector of the state administration of the National Political Educational Institutions (NAPOLAs). Haupt is considered to be the inventor of the concept of the National Political Education Institute, which he is said to have chosen to deliberately differentiate from other party organizations such as the Hitler Youth . The actual idea for establishing the NAPOLAs also came from Haupt, who intended to "create a new type of school in which the idea of ​​Nazi community education was to become a reality." The state administration was finally separated from the general school administration to accommodate the normalizing To eliminate influence on the elite schools.

During the wave of political cleansing by the National Socialists in the early summer of 1934, later known under the propaganda name of the " Röhm Putsch ", Haupt, who had been targeted by the SS as a friend of Ernst Röhm , only narrowly escaped the assassination.

In October 1935, Haupt was arrested by the Gestapo . In November 1935, at Heinrich Himmler's insistence, he was dismissed from Rust for alleged homosexual misconduct. The actual reason was the main endeavor to maintain the NAPOLAs as a state institution and to prevent their takeover by the Hitler Youth and the SS. His successor in office was August Heissmeyer . In 1938 he was expelled from the NSDAP after a long process.

Then Haupt worked as a farmer and writer. During the Second World War he was drafted into the Wehrmacht and fought in Poland and Norway from 1939 to 1945. From 1945 to 1947 Haupt was a prisoner of war in the Gadeland and Eselsheide camps .

In 1953 he was a temporary teacher at the Leibniz School in Hanover . 1955 Haupt was presumably a teacher at the private high school Kiel-Wik . After that, Haupt taught at the Higher Commercial School in Kiel-Ravensberg , the Technical Naval School , which reopened on June 1, 1956, and the German Armed Forces School in Hanover.

Main ideas about politics and education

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Haupt represented the demand for a specifically German socialism and for a new form of freedom. In an article in the Frankfurt University newspaper, he described his idea of ​​free life: "[Life like] a pair of eagles in the wide space of a free and wild-growing German landscape." As the goal of education, Haupt formulated "the political turning of the spirit towards the state, the classification of the Individuals as a member of the nation, the conscious awareness of the socialist ways of life that alone can make us people. "

From the educator he expected the “mental and intellectual mastery of the National Socialist worldview in all its effects, the direct relationship to the youth and aptitude for youth leadership; finally military sports training. "

"In these institutions there is only ... one single idea: that is the volkish idea, only a scientific doctrine: the organic, only one political will: that is that of national socialism ."

Fonts (selection)

In the Soviet occupation zone , his writings were reorganized in the school system and higher education ( Heymann , Berlin 1933), a change in formal education (Armanen-Verlag, Leipzig 1935) and national education (Beyer, Langensalza 1936) and in the German Democratic Republic Völkisch or national? A fundamental dispute with the German “national” upper class ( Deutscher Volksverlag , Munich 1924) was placed on the list of literature to be sorted out.

  • Völkisch or National? , 1924.
  • Reorganization in the school system and higher education , 1933.
  • Change of mind in formal education , 1935.

literature

  • Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon on National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 71.
  • Beatrix Herlemann , Helga Schatz: Biographical Lexicon of Lower Saxony Parliamentarians 1919–1945 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen. Volume 222). Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 2004, ISBN 3-7752-6022-6 , p. 143.
  • Christoph Sperling: Joachim Haupt (1900–1989): on the rise of a Nazi student functionary and the fall of the inspector of the national political educational institutions: a biographical study , Berlin a. a .: Peter Lang [2018] (legal history series; Volume 478), dissertation, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 2018, ISBN 978-3-631-77113-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Joachim Haupt. In: ns-reichsministerien.de. Retrieved March 25, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Hanna Behrend: The relations between the NSDAP headquarters and the Gauverband Süd-hannover , 1981, p. 76.
  3. ^ Hans Waldemar Koch: The Hitler Youth. Origins and Development , 1975, p. 77.
  4. ^ A b Ernst Klee : The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 222.
  5. ↑ Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller : Man for man. Biographical lexicon on the history of love for friends and male sexuality in the German-speaking area. Hamburg 1998, ISBN 3-928983-65-2 , p. 590.
  6. ^ Letter H, List of literature to be discarded. Published by the German Administration for Public Education in the Soviet Occupation Zone. Preliminary edition as of April 1, 1946 (Berlin: Zentralverlag, 1946). In: polunbi.de. Retrieved March 25, 2020 .
  7. ^ Letter H, List of literature to be discarded. Published by the German Administration for Public Education in the Soviet Occupation Zone. Second addendum as of September 1, 1948 (Berlin: Deutscher Zentralverlag, 1948). In: polunbi.de. Retrieved March 25, 2020 .
  8. ^ Letter H, List of literature to be discarded. Published by the Ministry for National Education of the German Democratic Republic. Third addendum from April 1, 1952 (Berlin: VEB Deutscher Zentralverlag, 1953). In: polunbi.de. Retrieved March 25, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Haupt, Joachim
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Winfrid (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP)
DATE OF BIRTH April 7, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt (Oder)
DATE OF DEATH May 13, 1989
Place of death Neustadt am Rübenberge