Johann Glocker (painter, around 1690)

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Johann Glocker (also Johannes Glocker , * around 1690 in Esslingen , † 1763 probably in Tübingen ) was a painter from Württemberg . He lived most of the time in Tübingen. He also spent several years of his life in Heidelberg . He was the father of the painter Johann Friedrich Glocker .

Prof. Gabriel Schweder , portrait by Johann Glocker, around 1717

Life

youth

It is not known who Glocker's father was; In any case, the family came from the Electoral Palatinate . Another Johann Glocker who was documented in Württemberg in the middle of the 17th century probably belonged to his ancestors . It is not known who Glocker trained as a painter. Since Esslingen did not offer enough portraits, Glocker was probably forced to carry out various manual painting work as well as artistic decoration of doors, walls and furniture.

Tübingen

For this reason, he applied to the University of Tübingen for permission to work within the university. He hoped that by dealing with professors and students, he would get additional commissioned work, for example in the area of portrait , miniature or library painting , as can be seen from his application letter. The university senate approved the application, but with the condition that Glocker should first get rid of the "Weibspersohn zu Stuttgardt" who accused him of a vow of marriage. Apparently this matter was settled quickly and on September 13, 1713 Glocker was entered in the university register.

At first he apparently succeeded in making acquaintances and getting enough orders. For example, an entry (of 3 August 1716 signed "John Glocker of Esslingen Art Mahler") with an on Greek mythology ATTACHING gouache in studbook Burkhard David Maucharts received. The gouache shows Pallas Athena holding the laurel wreath in her right hand. At the same time, Hermes brings the amphora with the god's drink to the traveler who is about to draw water with his hat.

The earning opportunities in Tübingen soon proved to be quite limited because there was great competition among painters. At that time there were two other university painters: Johann Emmanuel Schleich and Johann Gottfried Schreiber ; A few years later, someone else was added: Johann Christoph Kayßer . After Glocker founded a family in Tübingen, probably in 1717 - his eldest son Johann Friedrich was born in 1718 - he had problems feeding them. Around 1717 he painted a portrait of Gabriel Schweder for the professors' gallery , which is excellently vivid and vivid, but hardly any further commissions came after that. In 1723, for example, he offered to remove dust from the paintings in the Senate Chamber, to clean and repair them, and to repeat this every six months in the future. He also offered to make the missing professor portraits for the professors' gallery.

In 1726 Glocker was commissioned to carry out decorative work in Hohentübingen Castle . He was busy with this for several months until 1727. But after that he had no assignments and the precarious situation forced him to leave Tübingen for a while and to go to Waiblingen and Hall for better earnings , while his family stayed in Tübingen. In 1728 he was commissioned to give drawing lessons to the then 13-year-old Prince Carl Christian Erdmann von Württemberg-Oels , who was educated at the Collegium Illustre . Since at that time drawing lessons at the knight academies were considered almost superfluous and enjoyed the slightest reputation, the commission can be traced back to a personal inclination of the prince. The lessons continued to the satisfaction of both parties until 1729 and were later given special emphasis by Glocker. However, the prince remained his only student. In 1733 Glocker took part in the illuminations on the occasion of Duke Karl Alexander's inauguration .

Heidelberg

Letter from Johann Glocker to Unisenat dated July 7, 1739, in which he asks to extend his “academic citizenship”. (Excerpt)

Around 1735 Glocker moved to Heidelberg with his son and apprentice Johann Friedrich in the wake of the students Wilhelm Ludwig and Anton Wickenburg. There he became an electoral administration painter and also worked for various noble families. Since they were obviously satisfied with his abilities and recommended him to others, he got more and more assignments. Because of this, the rest of his family came to Heidelberg in 1739, but Glocker asked the Senate of the University of Tübingen to extend his “academic citizenship”. H. to maintain the permit to work at the University of Tübingen. This request was granted to him. Very soon - probably in 1741 - the contacts in Heidelberg ran out, but Glocker managed to get a job with Freiherr von Göler in Sulzfeld in the Kraichgau . Then (1741/42) he worked for the Lords of Sternenfels, possibly in the nearby Sternenfels , but mainly in Ochsenburg ( Oberamt Brackenheim , today the district of Heilbronn ).

At the end of 1742 he was forced to look for a new place to live and applied to work as a painter at the Württemberg court. However, the application was rejected in early 1743. He was even refused the branch in Stuttgart, because one was "sufficiently provided with such people". It is surprising what the trigger for such treatment on the part of Duke Carl Eugen was, especially since Glocker had good relations with the court during the time of Karl Alexander.

Tübingen again

What Glocker did in the following years is not known. Later - probably at the beginning of the 1750s - he returned to Tübingen. In April 1753 he painted a life-size portrait of the reigning Duke Carl Eugen on behalf of the university and offered himself again to paint pictures of the professors.

Johann Glocker had two sons who became painters, the older of whom was more successful.

  • Johann Friedrich Glocker (* 1718 in Tübingen, † 1780 in Tübingen)
  • Friedrich Glocker (* 1720 in Tübingen, † 1793 in Esslingen)

More famous works

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ 1690 should be understood as the latest year of birth.
  2. ↑ a b c d General Artists Dictionary , Vol. 56 (2007), p. 192.
  3. ↑ Werner Fleischhauer: The beginnings ... , p. 205.
  4. ↑ Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker ..." , p. 16/21, quoting his letter of application, received in the Tübingen University Archives, call number 9/5, 9 No. 22.
  5. ↑ a b c d Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker ..." , p. 16.
  6. ^ In the Duchess Anna Amalia Library in Weimar, signature Stb45.
  7. ↑ "In Eternal Friendship". Studbooks from Weimar and Tübingen , ed. by Nicole Domka, Eva Raffel, Volker Schäfer, Karlheinz Wiegmann. Tübingen: Stadtmuseum Tübingen 2009, ISBN 978-910090-92-7 (= Tübingen catalogs, 83), p. 94. See also: Karlheinz Goldmann: Nürnberger and Altdorfer family books from four centuries. A catalog . Nuremberg 1981 (= contributions to the history and culture of the city of Nuremberg), No. 1040.
  8. ↑ Werner Fleischhauer: Baroque ... p. 282.
  9. ↑ Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker ..." , p. 16, reproduces the letter to the Senate of June 8, 1723, (University Archives Tübingen, call number 117/815).
  10. ↑ Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker ..." , p. 13 u. 16.
  11. ↑ a b c Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker ..." , p. 17.
  12. ↑ Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker ..." , p. 17, refers to his application to the Oberhofmarschall from November 26, 1742, in which Glocker listed his previous activities ( Main State Archives Stuttgart , signature A21, Büschel 367).
  13. ↑ Werner Fleischhauer: Barock ... , p. 282.

literature

  • Silke Schöttle: "Mahler Glocker informs in the Zaichnen". Traces of first drawing lessons in the 18th century . In: Artists for Students. Pictures of the university drawing teachers 1780–2012 , ed. by Evamarie Blattner, Wiebke Ratzeburg, Ernst Seidl, Stadtmuseum Tübingen 2012 (= Tübingen catalogs no. 94), ISBN 978-3-941818-13-2 , pp. 12-23
  • General Artist Lexicon , Vol. 56 (2007), p. 192
  • Werner Fleischhauer : Baroque in the Duchy of Württemberg , Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 1958 (= publication of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg), p. 282

Web links

Commons : Johann Glocker  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Glocker, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Glocker, Johannes (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Württemberg painter
DATE OF BIRTH around 1690
PLACE OF BIRTH Esslingen
DATE OF DEATH 1763
Place of death uncertain: Tübingen