Johann Paul Karplus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johann Paul Karplus (born October 25, 1866 in Troppau , Austrian Silesia ; † February 13, 1936 in Vienna ) was an Austrian neurophysiologist and psychiatrist .

Life

Johann Paul Karplus studied at the University of Vienna , where he received his doctorate in medicine in 1890. He then became an assistant doctor to Hermann Nothnagel at the I. Medical University Clinic in the General Hospital in Vienna . From 1894 to 1900 he was assistant to Richard von Krafft-Ebing at the Psychiatric-Neurological University Clinic.

Further stations in his career were the Neurological Institute under Heinrich Obersteiner (1900-1903) and the Physiological Institute under Siegmund Exner-Ewarten from 1903. In 1901 he qualified as a professor in Physiology and Pathology of the Central Nervous System and in 1909 became Associate Professor, and in 1914 Associate University Professor. In 1909 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

At the of Nathaniel Rothschild donated mental hospital Rosenhügel in Vienna Karplus was consulting physician during World War II. After all, from 1917 to 1933 he worked as a primary physician in the neurological-psychiatric department of the Vienna General Polyclinic . He was awarded the professional title of Medical Councilor.

Johann Paul Karplus lived with his wife Valerie von Lieben, a sister of Robert von Liebens , in the Palais Lieben-Auspitz opposite the main building of the University of Vienna . In 1919 both resigned from the Israelite religious community . Valerie died in early 1938, two years after her husband. Both are buried for the duration of the cemetery in the Döblinger Friedhof (group 17, grave no. 34). (Beginning with Valeries' grandfather Ignatz Lieben , who was buried here in 1887 , some members of her family are buried in the cemetery.)

In 1956, Karplusgasse on the border between the 10th and 12th districts of Vienna was named after him.

Johann Paul and Valerie Karplus had four sons, Hans Karplus (September 3, 1898 to September 1, 1971), married to Lucie Isabella Goldstern (March 12, 1900 to March 19, 1967), Eduard Karplus (September 7, 1899 to August 1979 ), Walter G. Karplus and Heinrich Karplus. 2013 Hans' and Lucie was son in since 1938 as his parents United States living Martin Karplus , the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. A brother of Martin K. is the physicist Robert Karplus .

meaning

Karplus was mainly concerned with researching the centers of the central nervous system , the sensory pathways and sweat secretion. Together with Alois Kreidl, who was also a student of Exner-Ewarten, Karplus described the sympathetic center at the base of the diencephalon. His method of exposing both cerebral hemispheres is in part still used today. Before completing a monograph on the physiology of the vegetative centers, Karplus died in 1936.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member entry by Paul Karplus at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on December 4, 2016.
  2. ^ Hohenems Genealogy - Jewish Family History in Vorarlberg and Tyrol .
personal data
SURNAME Karplus, Johann Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian neurophysiologist and psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH October 25, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Opava , Austrian Silesia
DATE OF DEATH February 13, 1936
Place of death Vienna