Johann von Clausenheim

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Coat of arms of Clausenheim

Johann von Clausenheim , originally Johann Clausen / Claussen (born January 25, 1653 in Kiel , † May 23, 1720 in Hamburg ) was a German university professor and financial politician.

Life

Johann Clausen was the younger son of the physician Matthias Clausen (1610–1675), who came to wealth and influence as a personal physician at the court of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , and his wife Ursula (1625–1692), née. Müller, a daughter of the Kiel city ​​physician Bernhard Müller (also Möller ). Bernhard von Clausenheim was his older brother, with whom he was matriculated together on October 5, 1667 at the University of Kiel , which was only founded in 1665 . For Johann, due to his age, it will have been a child's matriculation, to be understood as an honor to his father.

From 1673 he studied at the University of Rostock . In his hometown of Kiel he appeared in 1672 and 1673 as a respondent to disputations chaired by his brother-in-law Christoph Franck , the husband of his sister Catharina. In 1674 he graduated from Rostock with a master's degree . and then went to the University of Jena , where he heard the news of his father's death. In Jena he is attested as the praeses of a disputation.

In 1676, Duke Christian Albrecht appointed him to succeed Franck as Professor of Metaphysics at the University of Kiel. From 1689 he also taught logic . In 1683, 1687 and 1693 he was Vice Rector of the University.

In 1699 he entered the administrative service of the new Duke Friedrich IV as a chamber councilor and land rent master . He was thus responsible for the ducal income. His tenure fell in a phase of political and economic uncertainty in the small duchy in the Great Northern War . Frederick IV was looking for an alliance with King Karl XII. of Sweden , his brother-in-law, against his overpowering neighbor Denmark. In the Peace of Traventhal in 1701, Denmark was forced to recognize the Gottorfer sovereignty in its share from the Duchy of Schleswig and to pay Duke Friedrich a high compensation. As a result, Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf was at the height of its power for a short time.

His brother Bernhard was raised to the knightly imperial nobility with a diploma from Emperor Leopold I on December 10, 1703 with the predicate of Claussenheimb . The corresponding diploma for Johann was only issued on June 25, 1716.

In spring 1702 Duke Friedrich decided to join the Swedish army in its campaign against Russia and Poland . He left the government of his duchy to the Clausenheim brothers in return for a rent. Bernhard von Clausenheim's son-in-law, Lieutenant Colonel Tilemann Andreas von Bergholtz, became governor-general. The responsibility of the ducal privy council president Magnus von Wedderkop and his deputy Johann Ludwig von Pincier was limited to foreign affairs.

The Duke's death by a cannonball on July 19, 1702 in the Battle of Klissow put an end to this innovative agreement. During the reign of the Duke's widow, Hedwig Sophia of Sweden , and the administrator Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , Georg Heinrich von Görtz gained influence. The chamber bill of 1703 became a long-standing point of contention because of a request by Jacob Mussaphia . Clausenheim resigned from the office of land rent master in 1705, but remained a member of the ducal rent chamber . When the Northern War came to Holstein after the Battle of Gadebusch in 1712 and the victorious Danes occupied the ducal shares of the Duchy of Schleswig in 1713, he fled to his son in Hamburg. From 1719 until his death he was Vice President of the Chamber of Rent from Hamburg.

Due to old demands from Jacob Mussaphia, now made by his son Isaac Mussaphia , amounting to 32,000 and 4,700 thalers, Johann von Clausenheim's heir was still burdened with lawsuits up to the generation of his granddaughter, married conference councilor von Roepstorff, up to the Imperial Court of Justice .

family

Johann Clausen was married to Maria Elisabeth, geb. Cutter. The couple had a daughter and son Matthias von Clausenheim (the elder) († 1744), who followed his father as land rent master and, in the 1720s, during the absence of Duke Karl Friedrich and his privy councilor Henning Friedrich von Bassewitz as head of the General Land Commission of Hamburg carried out government affairs. The daughter († May 10, 1743) was married to the Chamber Councilor von Pincier († 1736).

Library

Clausenheim donated his extensive private library of 1,800 volumes to the Kiel University Library in 1709 .

Works

  • Atheus Convictus, Brevi Dissertatione exhibitus. Kiel: Reumann 1672
Digitized , SUB Hamburg
  • Specimen Controversiarum, Quae Ecclesiae Lutheranae cum Remonstrantibus intercedunt: Ubi de iis, quae ad Locum de S. Scriptura pertinent, cum contra Remonstrantes in genere, tum nominatim contra Sim. Episcopium, Hug. Grotium, Steph. Curcellaeum, aliosque disputatur ... Tribus Disputationibus ventilatum. Kiel: Reumann 1672
Digitalisat , UB Rostock
  • De dubitatione morali. Jena 1675
Digitized version , Narva Church Library

literature

  • Zacharias Ernst Groht: Message from the Claussenheim-Musaphischen main trial. Glückstadt 1750
  • Johannes Clausenius , in: Johann Moller : Cimbria Literata, Sive Scriptorum Ducatus Utriusque Slesvicensis Et Holsatici, Quibus Et Alii Vicini Quidam Accensentur, Historia Literaria Tripartita. Copenhagen 1744, volume 1, p. 95

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter von Kobbe : Schleswig-Holstein history from the death of Duke Christian Albrecht to the death of King Christian VII (1694 to 1808). Altona: Hammerich 1834, p. 26
  2. ^ Franz Gundlach: The album of the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 1665 - 1865 , p. 6
  3. ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
  4. ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
  5. ↑ Matthias Burchard: Tabula Smaragdina, Or The Christians Blissful Healing and Life Taffel ... To the Epitaphio, or comforting tombstone Des ... Hn. Matthiæ Clausen / Well-known Doctoris Medicinæ and Practici ..., when the same on November 14th of the 1675th year ... was taken to his resting room / In the HauptKirche St. Nicolai zum Kiel , p. 82 ( digitalisat ), UB Kiel
  6. ↑ AT-OeStA / AVA Adel RAA 66.13 Clausen, Bernhard, ducal Schleswig-Holstein real councilor, knightly nobility "von Claussenheimb", 1703.12.10 (file (collective file, base number, bundle, dossier, file))
  7. ↑ AT-OeStA / AVA Adel RAA 66.14 Clausen, Johann, princely Schleswig-Holstein real state councilor, knightly nobility "von Clausenheimb", 1716.06.25 (file (collective file, basic number, bundle, dossier, file))
  8. ^ Albert de Boor: directories of grand princely officials in Holstein. In: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History 32 (1902), pp. 137–176, here p. 149
  9. ↑ Peter von Kobbe : Schleswig-Holstein history from the death of Duke Christian Albrecht to the death of King Christian VII (1694 to 1808). Altona: Hammerich 1834, p. 199
  10. ↑ Johann Ulrich von Cramer : Wetzlarische auxiliary hours, in which exquisite jurisprudence decided by the highest-priced Cammer Court is used to expand and explain the German legal scholarship customary in courts. Volume 5, p. 72ff ( On the difference between Schleswig and Holstein things in view of the appellation to the highest imperial courts )
  11. ^ History of the Kiel University Library (writings from the University of Kiel) 1863, p. 118
personal data
SURNAME Clausenheim, Johann von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Clausen, Johann; Claussen, Johann (original name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German university professor and finance politician
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1653
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiel
DATE OF DEATH May 23, 1720
Place of death Hamburg