Johannes Haller the Younger

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Johannes Haller (born January 18, 1523 in Amsoldingen , † September 11, 1575 in Bern ) was a Swiss Protestant clergyman and reformer .

Life

John Haller came from the family Haller , one originally from Wil coming, Bernese patrician family and was the son of the pastor Johannes Haller same name (* 1487 in Wil in St. canton of St. Gallen , † 11 October 1531 in the Battle of Kappel ), who later , because of his Reformation inclinations, was expelled as a new believer , and his wife Verena (* 1505 in Amsoldingen; † February 28, 1569), daughter of Josua Zerer, Tuchmann from Zurich . His uncle was Sulpitius Haller, who sat in the Grand Council of Bern in 1525 and later became an ardent advocate of the Reformation.

He was the first Protestant pastor's son in the canton of Bern , but grew up in Zurich and later studied theology at the universities of Zurich , Tübingen , Marburg , Leipzig and in the Netherlands . During his studies he made the acquaintance of Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon .

After completing his studies, he initially took on parish offices in Hirzel and Illnau in the canton of Zurich and later in Augsburg . From there he returned under the pressure of the Reichstag , but he himself wanted his recall after the defeat of the Protestants in the Schmalkaldic War , 1547 to Zurich, where he was in November 1547 for preachers on Grossmünsterplatz ordered in which Heinrich Bullinger preached. In the following year, as the successor to Simon Sulzer , he was temporarily and from 1550 permanently given over to the Bernese church service. Together with the pastor Wolfgang Musculus , he initiated in 1549 through the authorities that the weekly exegetical-dogmatic colloquia of the pastors were only held four times a year in order to nip future dogmatic disputes in the bud. This show of force by the authorities represented an illegitimate interference in the internal affairs of the Church for John Calvin , so the fact that this settlement was initiated by the Bernese pastors hit him particularly hard.

In 1552 he was then appointed dean by the Bern Council .

In the period from 1555 to 1556 he reformed the Saanen landscape and in 1558 campaigned for the reintroduction of church singing in Bern. On behalf of the Bern Council, he repeatedly intervened in the settlement of church issues in Vaud . Internally, he was always critical of the authorities, but externally appeared as their loyal ecclesiastical enforcer. He remained strictly imperative in his attitude towards the Anabaptist and anti-Trinitarian dissidents . When Giovanni Valentino Gentile presented his theses against the Trinity in Bern in 1566 , he was arrested and charged with blaspheming the Trinity and insulting the Reformed Church. As head of the Bern regional church, Johannes Haller proposed a strict approach at the insistence of Theodor Bezas and Heinrich Bullinger, but tried to persuade Valentino Gentile to turn back; he was beheaded after a month-long trial.

Friends of the musician Cosmas Adler , in 1558 he made the psalms part of the Sunday service; he composed hymns himself and played the lute .

Johannes Haller's first marriage to Elisabeth (* 1527; † April 28, 1558 in Bern), daughter of the guild master and bailiff in Töss , Junghans Kambli, had been married since 1543 . They had 9 children together.

In his second marriage he was married to Anna Glauer or Glaser (born April 3, 1537 in Bern; † 1599) from 1558; they had seven children.

Johannes Haller fell ill with the plague in 1566 , but survived the disease.

Writing

Johannes Haller published fifty sermons by Heinrich Bullinger in German as a house book. He wrote two chronicles, one in Latin and the other in German, both of which are important historical sources. He justified the Bernese Reformation in excerpts from the Decretum Gratiani , a collection of canon law from the 12th century, published in 1572 with commentary . Together with Wolfgang Musculus, whose vocation to Bern he had decisively promoted, he was responsible for the decidedly Zwinglian orientation of the Bern church after the conflicts with Lutheranism and those with Calvinism.

Fonts (selection)

Literature (selection)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Haller, Sulpitius. Retrieved September 28, 2019 .
  2. ^ Heinrich Bullinger . S. 130. Theologischer Verlag Zürich, 2007, ISBN 978-3-290-17387-6 ( google.de [accessed on September 28, 2019]).
  3. ↑ Politics and Reformations: Communities, Polities, Nations, and Empires. Retrieved September 28, 2019 .
  4. ↑ On the biography of the Bernese pastor Johannes Haller. Zwingliana: Contributions to the history of Protestantism in Switzerland and its influence, accessed on September 29, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Martin Ernst Hirzel, Martin Sallmann: 1509 - Johannes Calvin - 2009: His work in church and society: Essays for the 500th birthday . P. 33 f. Theological Verlag Zurich, 2008, ISBN 978-3-290-17494-1 ( google.de [accessed on September 28, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Hartmut Laufhütte , Michael Titzmann: Heterodoxy in the early modern times . S. 141. Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-092869-3 ( google.de [accessed on September 28, 2019]).
  7. ^ Family tree of Elisabeth Kambli. Retrieved September 28, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Bernese families - persons. Retrieved September 29, 2019 .
  9. ^ Family tree of Anna Glauer. Retrieved September 28, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Haller, Johannes the Younger
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Haller, Johannes; Haller, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss Protestant clergyman and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1523
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsoldingen
DATE OF DEATH September 11, 1575
Place of death Bern