Töss (Winterthur)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of Töss (District 4)
Winterthur coat of arms
Töss (District 4)
City district of Winterthur
Map of Töss
Coordinates 695 598  /  260780 coordinates: 47 ° 29 '27 "  N , 8 ° 42' 26"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred and ninety-five thousand five hundred and ninety-eight  /  260780
surface 7.21 km²
Residents 11,126 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 1543 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Jan. 1, 1922
BFS no. 230-400
Post Code 8406, 8310
structure
Quarters
Parish before the merger on January 1, 1922

Töss (old also Töß ) is an urban district of the city of Winterthur in Switzerland . The formerly independent municipality of Töss was incorporated in 1922 and forms today's District 4 . The district is named after the river Töss , which flows through Winterthur here.

geography

Aerial photograph by Walter Mittelholzer (1919)

Töss is located in the southwest of Winterthur. The formerly independent municipality of Töss is characterized by the industrial plants and workers' houses of the Rieter and Sulzer companies , which can be found in large numbers in the Eichliacker district. The entire district is divided by the busy Zürcherstrasse, which cuts through the town center and defines the two quarters of Eichliacker and Schlosstal. The Dättnau district is located in a valley, slightly elevated above Töss. It was built in the 1940s and is the largest quarter in the district. The district of Rossberg in the south, which is characterized by a small hamlet and the golf course of the same name, also belongs to the urban district.

history

Early and Middle Ages

Monastery (drawing by Heinrich Murer in the 17th century)

The earliest archaeological finds in the area of ​​the municipality of Töss are an infant grave from the 1st / 2nd centuries. Century in the Nägelsee and Silex finds from the Neolithic on the Rossberg. Töss is first mentioned in a document as “proximus fluviolo, qui dicitur Toissa”, as a property on the Töss . A street village was probably only created in Töss after the construction of a new road connection with the Töss bridge from Winterthur to Steigstrasse, which was maintained by the city of Winterthur from 1384. For a long time, the settlement was only connected to the western side of the road and only grew in the 13th century in the area of ​​what is now known as Chrugeler, towards the river Töss. At that time Töss belonged to the direct jurisdiction of the County of Kyburg .

In 1233, Count Hartmann IV. Von Kyburg founded the Töss Monastery , which was decisive for the further development of the place until the Reformation. Well-known inmates of the monastery were among others Elsbeth Stagel , the co-author of the Tösser Sisters' Book from around 1340 and the Hungarian king's daughter Elisabeth of Hungary . Usually between 60 and 100 nuns lived in the monastery; around 1358 there were over 100 residents. Little is known from documents about the ownership and tithing conditions at that time next to the monastery itself, the place was ecclesiastical after Oberwinterthur and after the construction of the monastery chapel at the latest, building a separate church for the village itself was no longer an option.

Reformation and Tösser Bauernsturm

In the 16th century, the dissatisfaction of the citizens in the countryside grew and as part of the Reformation , the Zurich council gave in to various demands from the countryside and, among other things, abolished the mass on Zwingli's advice and came a little later with the abolition of serfdom and the small tithe Part of the peasant demands. After this decision was opened to the farmers in Oberwinterthur on May 29, 1525, they were dissatisfied and gathered on Whit Monday, June 5, in Töss. Far more than the expected delegation of one person per household came to the meeting, a total of 4,000 farmers from the county and the governor of the county Kyburg, Rudolf Lavater and a six-person delegation from Zurich led by Mayor Heinrich Walder were present. In front of the gates of the monastery, they made demands on the Zurich authorities and threatened to storm the monastery. It was only through the negotiating skills of the councilors from Winterthur that a storm in the monastery could be prevented; the matter was postponed to the gathering of all Zurich farmers in Kloten . Some of the farmers could be persuaded to go home, the food for some of the farmers in the inns of the city of Winterthur, the costs of which were ultimately borne by the monastery, contributed to the calming. However, some of the farmers stayed in Töss and penetrated into the cellar of the monastery under leader Heini Süsstrunk, where they were fed by the nuns. The leader of the convent intruders was executed on February 26 of the following year.

The end of the monastery had already begun with the abolition of masses in Holy Week 1525 and carried out step by step, not least at the will of the nuns. At the end of the same year the monastery and its possessions were transferred to the nationalized monastery office of Töss. At last there were 36 convent women and 20 lay sisters living in the church. In 1532 39 former members of the order and seven other people still lived in the walls of the monastery, the last former nun died in 1572.

Under Zurich rule until the end of the Ancien Régime

The Reformation led to the founding of a separate parish in Töss, whose church became the former monastery church. In addition, the community, which had previously had little land, acquired the Dättnau side valley and its farms from the monastery office for 3000 guilders and issued a construction ban there that lasted until the end of the 18th century. In 1634 363 inhabitants lived in Töss. A school in Töss was documented for the first time in 1606 and was financially supported by the Töss monastery office until the end of the Ancien Régime. All-day teaching was only offered in winter, while the summer school, which was held for three half-days, was no longer held in the second half of the 16th century and was only reintroduced in 1768. Up until 1783 the school took place at the teacher's home, only after that school premises were set up in the parish hall. In addition to the school, the Töss office, located in the former monastery building, was important for the village and, among other things, was present at the feeding of the poor and at all kinds of social events.

The Töss Office was dissolved at the end of the Ancien Régimes , the possessions of the Office became the property of the Confederation and the municipality of Töss, which had previously belonged to the county, was assigned to the Winterthur district. During the coalition wars of 1798–1803 , Töss was plundered several times by French, Austrian and Polish armies and on May 27, 1799 the scene of the battle near Winterthur .

Töss after 1800

Former parish hall of Töss, built in 1825

The Swiss Confederation, as the new owner of the monastic lands, leased a large part of them, but the monastery itself remained unaffected. Some of the goods outside the monastery walls were lent to the community of Töss. When the space available in the previous parish hall became scarce, a new combined parish and school building was built in 1825, which, due to the lack of a church clock, got its clock tower that still exists today. In 1862, due to the growing number of pupils, the next school building, the Zelglistrasse, had to be built. From 1818 to 1826 there was also a cantonal school for the poor on the Bläsihof south of the village.

In 1825 Heinrich Rieter (1788–1851) founded the Rieter cotton spinning mill in Niedertöss. Eight years later, Johann Jacob Rieter bought the former site of the Töss monastery from the Swiss Confederation for 108,000 francs and built his factories on it. In 1838 the post office opened a branch in Töss. In 1852, Rieter built Switzerland's first workers' settlement; A large part of Töss still consists of former workers' settlements today. Only the monastery church was excluded from the purchase of the monastery grounds, as it was used by the Töss parish. This only changed in 1855, when the newly built Töss Church was opened , also with financial support from Heinrich Rieter (1814–1889). In addition to the Rieter machine factory, the factories of Sulzer AG and SLM were also important for the population of Tössem, since in 1910 of the 5,366 employees of the two factories, 665 lived in Töss. The large number of factory workers led to the establishment of the Töss workers' association in 1865, a forerunner of the SP Switzerland , which not only campaigned politically but also in other ways for the working population. For example, the workers' association from 1869 opened a consumer shop, one of the first forerunners of today's Coop . In 1871, the Winterthur Workers' Union was founded in Töss . The Tössem pastor Johann Felix Meyer was a pioneer of the Zurich labor movement and was responsible for the first cantonal popular initiative of the same.

Töss in 1866

With the Töss train station , the place received a rail connection in 1876 and from 1898 the Winterthur tram drove to the community. Various areas of politics were coordinated between Winterthur and Töss. In 1900 Töss had 4,930 inhabitants and was recently fused with the city of Winterthur and, together with Wülflingen, one of the first communities in the canton of Zurich to have a social democratic majority.

Due to the increasing school load and the spatial fusion of the municipality of Töss with the city of Winterthur through the overbuilding of the Tössfeld, the unification of the municipality with the city became an issue that the former vine-growing village had long since developed into the working class suburb of Winterthur in the course of the 19th century. In 1899, the local council was still of the opinion that such a union should not be sought at any price. In 1903, the Töss school community received aid funds from the city and canton of CHF 10,000 per year by resolution of the cantonal council. In the following years, the pressure continued to grow and after a bill based on financial equalization was rejected in July 1915, a bill was adopted in August 1916 An initiative request signed by 15,644 eligible voters submitted for total unification and on May 4, 1919 the incorporation of the Winterthur outer communities was accepted by the cantonal sovereign. At the last community meeting before the dissolution on December 18, 1921, the Bläsihof, which had previously belonged to the community but was remote, was assigned to the community of Lindau .

On January 1, 1922, the former municipality of Töss became part of the newly created city of Winterthur. The Töss machine factory continued to expand its factory buildings until 1970. The construction of the A1 autobahn also changed the townscape , for which the former Hotel Krone Töss and its ballroom had to give way, but from 1968 onwards, Töss received its own autobahn connection. In 1970 the Töss center was built with a high-rise building.

coat of arms

Blazon

A shortened red point in gold, inside a silver double cross on a green three- hill, raised to the right by a blue grape with green leaves, to the left by a blue pruning knife with a red handle.

Until the end of the Ancien Régime, the community did not have its own coat of arms, while the Töss Office took over the monastery coat of arms. After the abolition of the monastery office in 1799, the community gave itself its own coat of arms, which contained a grape and a vine knife in memory of the main occupation of the villagers at that time. However, there was never an official coat of arms, so that later on other variations of the coat of arms appeared. Before the city association, a commission entrusted with the publication of a local history then tried to determine a heraldic correct coat of arms. This coat of arms, which now corresponds to today's coat of arms, contains, in addition to the previous municipal coat of arms, a Hungarian double cross , which adorned the former monastery coat of arms in honor of Princess Elisabeth of Hungary , who lived in the Töss monastery at the beginning of the 14th century .

Transport links

Trolleybus 1 at the final stop in Töss.

The main connection is the trolleybus line 1 (Töss - HB - Oberwinterthur) which runs along Zürcherstrasse. Several other lines also run through Töss. Bus line 5 (Dättnau - HB - Technorama) goes to Dättnau via the center of Töss and Rosenau. The line 11 (HB - riser) operates via Storchenbrücke and Tössfeld into the riser . Line 7 (HB - Schlosstal - Wülflingen station) also crosses the district, but the line mainly serves the Schlosstal and ends at Wülflingen station. The regional line 660 (HB - Brütten - Nürensdorf - Bassersdorf (- airport)) serves the stations Zentrum Töss, Töss and Steig for getting on and off. At the weekend the night line N66 (HB - Töss - Brütten - Nürensdorf - Bassersdorf - Lindau - Kemptthal) crosses the district.

Since 1876, Töss has owned the Winterthur-Töss train station on the Winterthur – Bülach – Koblenz line , which was built by the Swiss Northeast Railway in the wake of the railway euphoria in Winterthur . The station is served by the S41 ( Winterthur HB - Bülach - Bad Zurzach - Waldshut ) of the Zurich S-Bahn and by the Winterthur - Bülach night train. In the cantonal structure plan, a second railway station with the project name “Winterthur-Töss Försterhaus” on the Zurich – Winterthur railway line is entered as a long-term goal and to secure land . In addition, the north portal of the planned Brüttener Tunnel would come to rest in Töss.

For private Töss 67 (Winterthur-Töss) of the motorway exit A1 tapped. The motorway junction ends in Zürcherstrasse coming from Kempthal , which Töss crosses and divides into town. In addition, a connecting road leads over the castle valley to Töss and another cross-connection across the Breite, which begins near the city limits, opens into Tösstalstrasse in the Mattenbach district . The Steigstrasse also connects Töss with the village of Brütten in the south .

Churches

Reformed Church Töss

There are two churches in Töss:

Culture and leisure

The Gaswerk is located in Töss , an alternative cultural center that regularly hosts concerts. On Sundays there is a film screening in the niche sofa cinema. The last Winterthur Dorfet to take place is the Tössemer Dorfet, the Töss village festival. In the Freizeitarena Steig there is the Tempodrom, a go- kart track and a “children's paradise”.

The Töss and the Reitplatz sports field in their vicinity are ideal recreational areas . The “ Dättnauerweiher ” nature reserve is located in Dättnau .

education

There are seven kindergartens in Töss (Am Weiher, Auwiesen, Dättnau, Emil Klötli, Schlosstalstrasse, Strittacker and Steig) and the Strittacker language therapy kindergarten. There are five primary school buildings for grades 1 to 6 (Laubegg / Dättnau, Eichliacker, Gutenberg, Rebwiesen and Zelglistrasse). The upper school for secondary schools A, B and C is Rosenau. The canton schools and other higher schools are in the city center.

Sports

The local football club is called FC Töss and plays on the riding arena, which also has a beach soccer field (playground for the Winti Panthers ), a pump track and beach volleyball fields . In Dättnau is the Hornussenanlage of the city club and the BMX track from Powerbike Winterthur , which is also used for European championship runs. In Töss there is a tennis hall next to the swimming pool built in 1970. In spring, the school sports event Töss-Stafette takes place, which starts at the riding arena.

The Töss gymnastics club was founded in 1870. Its current status came from the merger of the gymnastics clubs Töss and Tössfeld in 2000 (founded in 1895). The catchment area also includes the residential areas Brühlberg, Dättnau, Eichliacker, Nägelsee, Steig and Vogelsang / Breite. The gymnastics club offers a wide range of sports. The record Olympic champion Georges Miez was a member of TV Töss. Mieze's club colleague Melchior Wezel also won the gold medal in the gymnastics team competition in 1928.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of Töss

literature

  • Peter Niederhäuser: From the monastery to the Töss office building. In: Querblicke, Zürcher Reformationsgeschichten. Edited by Peter Niederhäuser and Regula Schmid. Chronos Verlag, Zurich 2019, SBN 978-3-0340-1498-4, pp. 144-149. (= Announcements of the Antiquarian Society in Zurich. Volume 86.)
  • Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Geschwister Ziegler printing house, Winterthur 1926.
  • Meinrad Suter: Töss (community). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

Web links

Commons : Töss  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Renata Windler: Archeology in the city district of Töss . In: Preservation of Monuments of the City of Winterthur (Ed.): Winterthur-Töss . District with many faces. 2006, p. 10–11 ( stadt.winterthur.ch [PDF; 4.0 MB ; accessed on May 7, 2018] European Heritage Day 2006 newspaper).
  2. ↑ Töss. In: ortsnames.ch. Schweizerisches Idiotikon , May 2018, accessed on May 6, 2018 .
  3. ^ Charles Knapp, Maurice Borel, Victor Attinger, Heinrich Brunner, Société neuchâteloise de geographie (editor): Geographical Lexicon of Switzerland . Volume 6: Tavetsch Val - Zybachsplatte, supplement - last additions - appendix . Verlag Gebrüder Attinger, Neuchâtel 1910, p. 143, keyword Töss (Winterthur) .
  4. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 200 .
  5. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 46 .
  6. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 7 .
  7. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 45-53 .
  8. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 76-80 .
  9. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 80-86 .
  10. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 220 .
  11. ↑ a b Emil Stauber: History of the Töss Community (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 211 .
  12. ↑ a b Emil Stauber: History of the Töss Community (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 155-168 .
  13. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 139-140 .
  14. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 217-218 .
  15. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 148-149; 177-179 .
  16. ↑ The history of the Coop Group - a company in motion. In: Coop (Switzerland) . May 2018, accessed May 2018 on the 6th .
  17. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 148-149; 252-252 .
  18. ↑ Meinrad Suter: Töss (community). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  19. ^ Emil Stauber: History of the community of Töss (=  New Year's Gazette of the City of Winterthur . No. 240 ). Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler, Winterthur 1926, p. 223-224 .
  20. ^ Canton of Zurich (Ed.): Cantonal structure plan . Version approved by the Federal Council, as of September 18, 2015 (PDF, 236 pages, 26 MB). September 18, 2015, p. 4.3–4 ( are.zh.ch [PDF; 28.3 MB ; accessed on May 6, 2018]).