Bulach

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Bulach
Bülach coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton ZurichCanton Zurich Zurich (ZH)
District : Bulachw
BFS no. : 0053i1
Postal code : 8180
UN / LOCODE : CH BUA
Coordinates : 683 122  /  263712 coordinates: 47 ° 31 '8 "  N , 8 ° 32' 32"  O ; CH1903:  683 122  /  263712
Height : 428  m above sea level M.
Height range : 382–597 m above sea level M.
Area : 16.09  km²
Residents: i20,447 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 1271 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		27.5% (December 31, 2018)
City President : Mark Eberli ( EPP )
Website: www.buelach.ch
Bülach March 2012.JPG
Location of the municipality
Deutschland Kanton Thurgau Kanton Schaffhausen Kanton Schaffhausen Bezirk Andelfingen Bezirk Dielsdorf Bezirk Dietikon Bezirk Pfäffikon Bezirk Uster Bezirk Winterthur Bezirk Zürich Bachenbülach Bassersdorf Bülach Dietlikon Eglisau Embrach Freienstein-Teufen Glattfelden Glattfelden Hochfelden ZH Höri ZH Hüntwangen Kloten Lufingen Nürensdorf Oberembrach Opfikon Rafz Rorbas Wallisellen Wasterkingen Wil ZH Winkel ZHMap of Bülach
About this picture
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Bülach [ ˈbyːlax ] (in the native Zurich German dialect Büüli [ ˈbyːli ]) is a political municipality and capital of the district of the same name in the Swiss canton of Zurich .

The city of Bülach is the economic center of the Zürcher Unterland region .

geography

Walnut trees

Bülach is 428 m above sea level. M. at the western foot of the Dattenberg . In addition to the actual urban settlement with a medieval core, the villages Eschenmosen, Nussbaumen and Heimgarten belong to Bülach . The current district of Niderflachs was originally also its own settlement. The air distance to Zurich is 16 km. The municipal area (1609 hectares) consists of 39% forest, 31% is used for agriculture and 30% is used for settlement and transport.


Monthly average precipitation for Bülach
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Precipitation ( mm ) 71 64 73 71 99 102 107 92 81 82 75 84 Σ 1,001
Rainy days ( d ) 10.3 9.3 11.2 10.9 12.0 11.6 11.5 10.5 9.3 10.3 10.3 11.8 Σ 129
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history

Old town, Marktgasse

Early history and the Middle Ages

The area around Bülach was already a settlement zone in prehistoric times. In 1980, fire pits from the Late Bronze Age were discovered in the Schwerzgrueb. The "Celtic wall" on the Rhinsberg as a fortification of a smaller Celtic settlement ( oppidillum, small oppidum) was examined in 1998/99 by the University of Zurich and the cantonal archeology. Dated century BC (Ha B3 period). The wall consisted of stones, a box construction with filling material, a wooden wall front made of oak beams and a trench. Burial mounds from the late Hallstatt period with weapons, jewelry and equipment were found in the Höhragen and Hardwald forests. At the time of the Roman Empire there was a Roman estate in what is now the city area.

The oldest traces of the Alemannic village formation date from the 6th and early 7th centuries. In 1919-28, Alemannic graves with archaeologically significant finds were excavated in the Füchsli near the city center . Two fibulae were found, one is the so-called fish fibula pair , the other the Bülach fibula , the only find with runic inscriptions in Switzerland to date (as of 2013) . The archaeological excavations in the Reformed local church in 1968 brought to light the grave of a noble woman from the 7th century, separated from all other graves found under the nave, directly below the location of the baptismal font of the church. The woman's costume was that of an Alamanness, in addition to rich jewelry, a cotton dress, shoes embroidered with silk, and a linen coat. It is particularly worth mentioning that small copper plates with the Christian cross were incorporated on her collar, which suggests that the woman was of Christian faith. Several plague graves were found in the same excavation in 1968. The deceased were cast in lime, which was common at the time for victims of the plague .

Bülach is mentioned for the first time in 811 in a document from the Abbey of St. Gallen as Pulacha . The name goes back to an unused form (prædium) * Pulliācum "Landgut des Pullius", a derivation of the Latin personal name Pullius with the Celtic suffix -akos .

The village, which developed into a closed settlement in the High Middle Ages, was fortified with walls as early as the 13th century. Until 1376 (at the latest since the 13th century) Bülach was under the rule of Tengen . In 1384 Bülach got on the occasion of the takeover of the Vogtei by Duke Leopold III. granted city rights by Austria with its own jurisdiction. Bülach owed this preference mainly to the very favorable traffic situation. In 1386 Bülach burned down during the Sempach War.

  • Country town Bülach in the Middle Ages

  • Upper gate, broken off in 1838. Drawing by Ludwig Schulthess from 1838

  • Lower gate, broken off in 1840. Drawing by Ludwig Schulthess from 1839

In 1409 Bülach was initially pledged to Zurich and finally fell to the city in 1419; since 1412 it formed a Zurich upper bailiwick together with Bachenbülach , Niederflachs and Nussbaumen . Until the Helvetic Revolution, Bülach had limited political autonomy (mayor's office and citizens' assembly). During the Old Zurich War , Bülach was burned down a second time on August 7, 1444; on June 21, 1506 another fire destroyed a large part of the country town. The town hall was rebuilt in 1672–73.

The current church building dates from 1508-14. The nave and tower were rebuilt several times in the 17th and 19th centuries. In 1523 the Reformation entered Bülach. However, she was only able to gain a real foothold in 1528 when Johannes Haller was appointed pastor. Haller was an important helper and colleague of Ulrich Zwingli at the Grossmünster in Zurich. During this time, the region and Bülach became an important base of the Anabaptists , who were violently suppressed by the reformed Zurich authorities.

18th and 19th centuries

Old town, corner of Markt- / Rathausgasse, town hall on the left

In 1802, at the time of the Helvetic Republic , Bülach temporarily lost its town charter. In 1831, as a result of the new cantonal constitution, the Upper Office Embrach, which had existed until then, was transformed into the current district with the name and main town of Bülach.

The Zurich Unterland was a traditional arable area. Due to the town charter, Bülach was the market place for the agricultural products of the surrounding area. Extensive community forests as well as numerous commercial and handicraft businesses contributed to the prosperity. The manufacture of clothes was particularly widespread (shoemakers, tailors, hat makers). Compared to the rest of the Unterland, industrialization began early in Bülach. The first mechanical spinning mill with 25 employees was built in 1819. In 1850 there were around 150 craftsmen and 20 traders. In the second half of the 19th century there were regular cattle markets. Bachenbülach became an independent municipality in 1849.

The Bülach – Oerlikon line (the Bülach – Regensberg Railway) was created by the Nordostbahn and put into operation in 1865. The Bülach-Schaffhausen line was opened in 1893.

The Heimgarten fruit growing association was founded in 1892 or 1893 . She was the model for the Eden charitable fruit growing settlement in Oranienburg near Berlin.

20th and 21st centuries

Bülach, historical aerial photo from May 23, 1933, taken by Walter Mittelholzer

The Catholic Church (Dreifaltigkeitskirche) was consecrated in 1902 and the parish was founded in 1943.

The glass factory was built in 1890–91. Until 2001, the Vetropack AG glass factory, together with the Saint-Prex and Wauwil glassworks, was the largest glass packaging company in Switzerland. Foundry Sulzer AG started operations in 1917. Other medium-sized industrial companies are active in engine, steel and mechanical engineering as well as in the computer industry. In 1990 a good 1% of the workforce was employed in the 1st sector, 34% in the 2nd sector and 65% in the 3rd sector.

The first water supply for private houses started operating in 1884. The first sewerage ordinance came into force in 1910, with a connection obligation from 1934. The sewage treatment plant has been in operation since 1957. The waste incineration plant (KEZU) built in 1967 was closed again in 1975 for environmental reasons. The Bülach District Hospital has existed since 1937.

The construction of a middle school was first discussed in the canton parliament in 1956; the school operations of the canton school Zürcher Unterland (KZU) could finally be started in 1972. The vocational school emerged from the Sunday or trade school in 1860 and moved into its own school in 1982.

In 1919 Eschenmosen, previously part of the Winkel municipality , came to Bülach.

In addition to the seven-member city ​​council, which acts as the executive, the municipality has had a 28-seat parliament as the legislative authority, the Great Municipal Council, since 1974 .

coat of arms

Bülach coat of arms (bottom right) in the Zürcher Chronik (1485–86) by Gerold Edlibach

Blazon

The silver Laurentius rust in red

The coat of arms refers to St. Lawrence, who was martyred on the grill grate. St. Laurentius was the patron saint of the Laurentius Church, mentioned in the first mention from the year 811, a predecessor of today's Reformed Church in Bülach. According to legend, he died after giving all his belongings to the poor. The rust has appeared in the city seal since 1385 and as a coat of arms for the first time in Edlibach's chronicle (around 1490). After the Reformation, the coat of arms disappeared in favor of a red and white two-part shield. The reintroduction of the old coat of arms was controversial in the 1920s, but was finally decided at the community meeting on July 3, 1931.

population

21,625 people live in Bülach (as of the end of 2019).

Population by nationality:

nationality End of 2019
SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland 71.03%
GermanyGermany Germany 5.26%
ItalyItaly Italy 4.67%
KosovoKosovo Kosovo 2.63%
TurkeyTurkey Turkey 1.40%
PortugalPortugal Portugal 1.35%
SerbiaSerbia Serbia 1.26%
North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia North Macedonia 1.16%
CroatiaCroatia Croatia 0.63%
Population development in the city of Bülach
year 1836 1850 1900 1920 1950 1970 2000 2005 2006 2008 2010 2012 July 31, 2013 1.1.2015 2019
Residents 1,278 1'545 2,175 3,239 4,634 11,043 13,923 14'815 15,571 16,793 17,478 17,928 18,103 18,900 21,625

economy

The small town has suffered massive job losses in recent years. The Vetropack glassworks and the Sulzer iron foundry closed their doors. The branch of the medical technology group Schneider was able to continue operations through a takeover to Biotronik and was redimensioned in the process.

The largest employer is the Bülach Hospital with over 700 employees (as of 2008). In addition, the Mageba , a manufacturer of bridge bearings, based here.

politics

City clerk is Christian Mühlethaler.

3
6th
1
3
2
5
1
7th
3 6th 1 3 2 5 1 7th 
A total of 28 seats

The city ​​council , the highest municipal administrative authority, forms the executive branch of the city of Bülach. For the 2018–2022 term of office, the city ​​council is composed as follows:

  • Mark Eberli ( EPP ) - Mayor (as of December 2018)
  • Walter Baur ( SVP )
  • Andrea Spycher (SVP)
  • Ruedi Menzi (non-party)
  • Daniel Ammann ( FDP )
  • Hanspeter Lienhart ( SP )
  • Virginia Locher (FDP)

The municipal council is the legislative body of the city of Bülach in place of the municipal assembly and within the framework of the municipal regulations. It consists of 28 seats.

In October 2005, those entitled to vote in Bülach were the first in Switzerland to be able to decide on a proposal by text message . Around 12% of those who voted took advantage of this opportunity.

In the 2015 National Council elections, the share of the vote in Bülach was: SVP 30.8%, SP 16.2%, Greens 12.9%, glp 12.1%, FDP 11.4%, EPP 5.9%, CVP 3.9 %, EDU 3.3%, BDP 1.5%.

Transport links

S22 to Singen in Bülach station

Rail transport

With the Bülach train station , the community, like all other Zurich communities, is integrated into the Zurich Transport Association (ZVV). The community was connected to the railway network on May 1, 1865 as the end point of the Bülach-Regensberg-Bahn (BR) to Oerlikon . The railway company was taken over by the Schweizerische Nordostbahn (NOB) in 1877 and nationalized to the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) in 1902 . On August 1, 1876, when the Hochrheinbahn ( Winterthur - Koblenz ) opened the NOB , Bülach became a railway junction with a wedge station . With the opening of the NOB line (Bülach–) Eglisau - Neuhausen am Rheinfall through the Rafzerfeld and the Jestetter Zipfel with connection to the NOB- Rheinfallbahn (Winterthur - Andelfingen - Schaffhausen ) in Neuhausen, the BR line was replaced on June 1, 1897 Bülach is gradually phasing out the Rhine Falls Railway as the main route between Zurich and Schaffhausen. The railway lines have been owned by SBB since the nationalization of the private railways in 1902. The SBB timetable has also been in effect here since the double-lane expansion in 1980 and the Zurich S-Bahn has been operating on behalf of the ZVV since May 1990 .

Bülach is approached every half hour by the S9 (Uster - Zurich HB - Bülach - Rafz), which continues every hour (peak times every half hour) to Schaffhausen. The SBB subsidiary Thurbo operates the S 41 Winterthur - Bülach , which runs every half hour on the Winterthur – Bülach section on weekdays until around 8:00 p.m. Until December 12, 2015, Thurbo also operated the S22 to Rafz-Schaffhausen-Singen, which has now been replaced by the S9, but no longer runs to Singen. There are also hourly InterRegios (Zurich HB – Schaffhausen) and additional S-Bahn trains during rush hour.

Local transport

Bülach train station is a regional and local bus hub. The regional ZVV bus lines 515 (Bülach – Stadel bN) and 525 (Bülach– Höri - ( Dielsdorf ) ) operated by PostBus Switzerland (Zurich region, Unterland market area ) have an hourly basic frequency and line 530 (Bülach– Kloten - Zurich Airport) ) basically runs every half hour during the day, every hour in the evening and on Sunday with a series of densities. On weekdays during rush hour, a direct branch of line 530 (Bülach – Zurich Airport) actually forms a non-stop connection to the airport. In the municipality, nine more stops are served by the regional bus routes.

The three daily Bülach local bus lines 501, 503 and 504 are also the responsibility of PostBus and serve a further 21 stops in the municipality in addition to the train station and three regional bus stops. Line 504 also serves two stops in the neighboring community of Bachenbülach and runs with one stop at the end of the runway for aircraft enthusiasts to Oberglatt ZH .

Private transport

To the west of Bülach, the A51 suburban motorway (Zurich – Airport – Bülach) leads past the community with three junctions, whereby the motorway ends at the Bülach Nord junction and merges into Hauptstrasse 4 (Schaffhausen – Bülach – Zurich). The road connection Dielsdorf – Höri – Bülach– Embrach and regionally the road Niederglatt –Höri– Hochfelden –Bülach are also of importance.

religion

Reformed church tower
Catholic church tower

Denomination statistics

Currently (as of the end of March 2020) of the 16,939 inhabitants, 5608 (26.3%) are Protestant Reformed, 5250 (24.6%) are Roman Catholics, 47 inhabitants (0.2%) are Christian Catholics, and 10 ' 438 (48.9%) have no denomination or belong to another denomination.

Christianity

There are the following churches and ecclesiastical communities in Bülach :

The Evangelical Reformed Church owns in the old town

  • the Reformed Church of Bülach , whose predecessor buildings have been archaeologically proven from the 7th century. Due to wars and fires, the church was rebuilt several times in the Middle Ages. After the Reformation in 1528, the church was expanded to its current size in 1678 and received the roof structure made of Black Forest firs that is now exposed . The church tower as it is presented today dates from the 19th century. The five colored windows in the choir were designed by the artist Hans Affeltranger in 1970. Since 1970 the church has also had an organ made by the organ builder Muhleisen from Strasbourg.

The Roman Catholic Church owns in Bülach

  • the Trinity Church . It is located on Spitalstrasse near the Bülach train station and was built in 1901–1902 according to plans by the architect August Hardegger (1858–1927). Throughout time it has remained almost unchanged in its neo-Gothic form and today represents a historical total work of art from the turn of the century before last.

In addition to the two regional churches, the following church communities are represented in Bülach:

  • The Methodist Church is located on Nordstrasse on the corner of Hochfelderstrasse near the Bülach train station.
  • The New Apostolic Church is located on Nordstrasse directly at Bülach train station. The church, which was rebuilt in 2003, was given an organ in 2004, which comes from the Rieger organ building company and has 22 registers.
  • The Salvation Army is present in the Zurich Unterland on Grampenweg in Bülach.
  • The Free Evangelical Congregation is located in the north of Bülach on Schützenmattstrasse.
  • The Bülach Baptist Congregation is present on Schaffhauserstrasse.
  • The parish hall of the community for Christ (Evangelical Brothers' Association) is also located on Schaffhauserstrasse.

Attractions

The fortifications from around 1290 consisted of a six meter high and one meter thick wall with a ditch in front and a city gate each towards Zurich (Unter or Zürchertor) and Eglisau (Obertor). The five meter wide moat was filled in in 1830, large parts of the city wall are still preserved but hardly explored.

The late Gothic, later partly neo-Gothic remodeled Evangelical Reformed Church (church patron St. Laurentius ) in the city center was built between 1508 and 1510; it has a 75 m high tower. The Catholic Trinity Church was built in 1902 in neo-Gothic style according to August Hardegger's plans.

Culture

Cantonal school in the Zürcher Unterland
ABC cinema, Bülach
Bülach Hospital

The city of Bülach's culture prize has been awarded annually by the city council since 1986. The award is endowed with 4,000 Swiss francs.

Award winners
  • 2002: Toni Haas, painter and draftsman
  • 2003: Walter Ettmüller, Beetle specialist
  • 2004: Bülach Chamber Orchestra
  • 2005: Simon Nagel, film director
  • 2006: Jakub Dzialak, violinist
  • 2007: Mony Aellen, dance teacher and choreographer
  • 2008: Ueli Gantner, sculptor
  • 2009: Fredy Preisig
  • 2010: The Magic Lantern, children's film project
  • 2011: Trombone Choir Bülach
  • 2012: Paul René Tantanini, jazz musician
  • 2013: St. Nicholas Society
  • 2014: Rolf Hutter, musician
  • 2015: Bülacher local chronicles (Heinrich Führer, Jürg Ineichen, Alfred Meier-Graf)
  • 2016: Concert Choir Zürcher Unterland
  • 2017: Pascal Fehr, iron sculptor
  • 2018: Susanne Rathgeb, organist

schools

Bülach is home to the Zürcher Unterland canton school , the Bülach vocational school, the Mettmenriet and Hinterbirch high school houses, the Hohfuri, Schwerzgrub, Böswisli and Lindenhof primary schools, as well as the Bülach vocational school (10th grade)

Sports and clubs

All active Bülach associations are affiliated with the interest group Bülach associations (IGBV).

  • The FC Bülach , founded in 1917, playing with the men's team in the season 2019/2020 at the 3 . League .
  • The floorball club Bülach plays in the first division.
  • The ice hockey club EHC Bülach plays in the MySports League .
  • The inline hockey club Inline Ducks Bülach plays in the NLB
  • The Zürcher Unterland traffic cadet department has had its operations center in Bülach since 1988.
  • The youth music Bülach has always been at the top of national competitions for years.
  • The “Pulacha” scout department is very popular with young people.

media

The " Neue Bülacher Tagblatt " (NBT) is a daily newspaper and official publication organ for the Zürcher Unterland. The editorial team of the NBT is also the Bülach editorial team of the « Zürcher Unterländers ».

Town twinning

Personalities

Born in Bülach

Other personalities associated with the city

  • Albert Mossdorf (1911–2001), politician (FDP), councilor, national councilor
  • Hans Ulrich Graf (1922–2010), member of the National Council and publisher of the Neue Bülacher Tagblatt

literature

Web links

Commons : Bülach  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Bulach in the Topographia Helvetiae, Rhaetiae et Valesiae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Data on the resident population by home, gender and age (community profile). Statistical Office of the Canton of Zurich, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 , p. 200.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Thomas Hanimann: Bülach (community). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  5. ↑ Website of the anniversary exhibition "brought to light - 1200 years of Bülach church" ( Memento from September 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Regesta Imperii: RIplus Regg. Baden 1,2 n. H318
  7. ↑ Peter Ziegler (ed.), The municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Zurich, Antiquarian Society in Zurich, coat of arms drawings by Walter Käch and Fritz Brunner, Zurich 1977, p. 39
  8. ↑ http://www.statistik.zh.ch/internet/justiz_inneres/statistik/de/daten/gemeindeportraet.html (accessed on August 19, 2013)
  9. ↑ Bülach population forecast. (PDF; 917 kB) City of Bülach, June 7, 2016, accessed on June 27, 2016 .
  10. ↑ http://www.bilanz.ch/unternehmen/biotronik-das-wunder-von-buelach (accessed on September 11, 2013)
  11. ↑ Bülach in figures , accessed on April 25, 2020.
  12. ^ Website of the Reformed Church in Bülach, section Church. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
  13. ^ Christian Renfer: Catholic Church Bülach. Society for Swiss Art History. Bern 1992, p. 12.
  14. ↑ NZZ of February 10, 2006: The medieval warehouse in the newly built house. Secrets of the Bülach city wall
  15. ^ City of Bülach, official website of the Bülach Culture Prize
  16. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.igbv.ch
  17. ↑ https://www.vkazu.ch/