Joinvillea
Joinvillea | ||||||||||||
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
Joinvilleaceae | ||||||||||||
Toml. & ACSm. | ||||||||||||
Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
Joinvillea | ||||||||||||
Gaudich. ex Brongn. & Gris |
The Joinvillea are the only genus of plants of the Joinvilleaceae family in the order of the sweet grass-like (Poales) within the monocot plants . The small family contains only two to four species. The Joinvillea species are found in the tropics from the Malay Peninsula to the Pacific Islands .
description
Habit and leaves
The Joinvillea species are very large, grass-like, perennial, herbaceous plants ; they are among the three largest herbaceous plants in this area with heights of 3 to 5 meters. The stems are not branched. They have sympodial rhizomes .
The alternate, in two rows on stalks arranged leaves are simple, sessile, network- and parallel-veined and have a serrated edge. There are tubular leaf sheaths that do not completely enclose the stem, and there are ligules . The stomata are paracytic.
Inflorescences and flowers
Many flowers are grouped together in terminal, branched, panicle inflorescences . The small, hermaphrodite flowers are threefold. There are six free bracts available; they are green or off-white (brownish). There are two circles with three free, fertile stamens each. The three-cell pollen grains are aperturat. Three carpels have become a top permanent ovary grown, with three styluses that can be grown in part, and three scars. Pollination takes place by the wind ( anemophilia ).
Fruits and seeds
There are drupes formed containing a stone core (but one to three seeds?). The seeds contain a floury endosperm with starch .
Ingredients and chromosome numbers
It is silica incorporated in the form of silica bodies. Starch is stored in the seeds in the endosperm . The number of chromosomes is n = 18.
Systematics and distribution
The Joinvillea species are found in the tropics from the Malay Peninsula to the Pacific Islands .
Previously the genus Joinvillea was in the family of the Flagellariaceae Dum. included as a third genus. The closest related is the Ecdeiocoleaceae family .
The first description of the genus Joinvillea was made in 1861 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré in Adolphe Brongniart & Jean Antoine Arthur Gris : Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France , 8, 268. The family was Joinvilleaceae 1970 by Philip Barry Tomlinson and Albert Charles Smith in Joinvilleaceae , a New Family of Monocotyledons. In: Taxon , Volume 19, No. 6, pp. 887-889.
Joinvillea Gaudich. ex Brongn. & Gris is the only genus in the Joinvilleaceae family. It contains two to four types:
- Joinvillea ascendens Gaudich. ex Brongn. & Gris (Syn .: Joinvillea gaudichaudiana Brongn. & Gris ): It occurs on the Hawaiian Islands.
- Joinvillea borneensis Becc. (Syn .: Joinvillea ascendens subsp. Borneensis (Becc.) Newell , Joinvillea malayana Ridl. ): The homeland ranges from the western Indonesian archipelago to the Caroline Islands .
- Joinvillea bryanii Christoph. (Syn .: Joinvillea elegans subsp. Bryanii ( Christoph. ) H.St.John ): This species occurs only on Samoa .
- Joinvillea plicata (Hook. F.) Newell & Stone (Syn .: Flagellaria plicata Hook. F. , Joinvillea elegans Gaudich. Ex Brongn. & Gris ): It is distributed from the Solomon Islands to islands in the southwestern Pacific.
swell
- The Joinvilleaceae family on the AP website . (Sections systematics and description)
- The Joinvilleaceae family at DELTA by L. Watson & MJ Dallwitz. (Section description)
- Fabian A. Michelangeli, Jerrold I. Davis, Dennis Wm. Stevenson: Phylogenetic relationships among Poaceae and related families as inferred from morphology, inversions in the plastid genome, and sequence data from the mitochondrial and plastid genomes. In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 90, 2003, pp. 93-106. (Section systematics)
Individual evidence
- ^ A b PB Tomlinson, AC Smith: Joinvilleaceae, a New Family of Monocotyledons. In: Taxon , Volume 19, No. 6, 1970, pp. 887-889. JSTOR 1218303
- ^ Joinvilleaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.