Jonathan Bätz

Jonathan Bätz (born February 5, 1787 in Utrecht ; † July 18, 1849 there ) was a Dutch organ builder . He belonged to the third generation of an organ building family who had a decisive influence on organ building in the Netherlands for over a century. Most of the 21 organs that Jonathan Bätz created between 1820 and 1849 have been preserved.

Life

In 1739, grandfather Johann Bätz founded the company in Utrecht. Jonathan Bätz was born in 1787 as the son of Christoffel Bätz (1755-1800), who together with his brother Gideon Thomas Bätz (1751-1820) formed the second generation. After a transition period, Gideon took over management of the company in 1772. Christoffel opened his own workshop in 1778, but occasionally appeared on joint projects with his brother. More than 20 new organs can be traced back to the two. Most of them are single-manual works in the Rococo style .

When Jonathan was eight years old and his mother died, he, his brother and two sisters came to live with his uncle Gideon, who took care of the upbringing, although the father was still alive. For several years he attended boarding school in Gelderland. At the age of 16, Jonathan learned organ building in his uncle's company. His brother Johan Martin Willem Bätz (1789–1836) was initially a piano maker in Amsterdam, but from 1818 he supported his uncle. After his death in 1820, the brothers ran the company in the third generation. In 1831 Johan Martin Willem left the company and only built a few organs. Pieter Maarschalkerweerd did an apprenticeship with Jonathan Bätz before setting up his own business in 1840.

Christian Gottlieb Friedrich Witte worked for the company from 1826 and married into the Bätz family in 1839 by taking Pauline Dorothea Antoinette Lagers, daughter of a Lutheran preacher and granddaughter of Gideon Thomas Bätz, as his wife. Two years after JMW Bätz left, Witte became a partner in 1833 and, after Jonathan's death, sole owner of the company. Jonathan died of cholera in 1849. After Witte's death, his son Johan Frederik Witte (1840–1902) took over the management of the company, which went out in 1903. From around 1830 until its expiration, it traded under the name “J. Bätz & Co. "

plant

The 19th century Bätz organs were primarily used to accompany congregational singing in the Dutch Reformed and Lutheran churches. Since the Bätz family was influenced by Lutherans, they also received commissions from Lutheran parishes. Distribution area was the western, central and northern Netherlands.

During Jonathan Bätz's management from 1820 to 1849, 21 new organs were built, including three manual organs in Amsterdam, Utrecht and Delft. One organ went to Suriname , another to Batavia / Jakarta .

The organs are characterized by high craftsmanship and artistic quality, but were designed to be conservative. Bätz used a mechanical game and stop action mechanism and slide chests and continued to build Rückpositive. Even with two-manual works, the pedal is often only attached. In terms of sound, the fully developed principal choir forms the core. The second manual is usually an upper work with covered flute and string registers. The reeds and mixtures are often on split loops for bass and treble, sesquialtera and cornett are often only built in treble.

Part of the company archive is recorded in the Utrecht Organ Archive: partly colored drawings of organs, prospectus drafts , construction drawings, disposition drafts , technical calculations, contracts, correspondence as well as newspaper and magazine articles.

List of works

The size of the instruments is indicated in the fifth column by the number of manuals and the number of sounding registers in the sixth column. A capital “P” stands for an independent pedal, a lowercase “p” for an attached pedal. Italics indicate that the organ in question is no longer preserved.

year	place	church	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1818-1820	Hellevoetsluis	Petrakerk				Replaced in 1913
1821	Nieuwenhoorn	Hervormde Kerk		II / p	14th	1895–99 extensive reconstruction by A. van den Haspel
1822-1823	Weesp	Hervormde Kerk		II / p	23	Maintained by J. Bätz from 1828–1846; Pneumatic pedal with 2 registers added in the 1930s
1824	's gravel land	Hervormde Kerk		II / p	14th	In the 1930s pneumatic pedal with 2 registers added
1824 and 1837	The hague	Lutheran Kerk		III / P	39	Changes to the arrangement of the organ by Johann Bätz (1753 / 1759–62)
1825	Ermelo	Hervormde Kerk		I / p	9	Originally built for Den Briel, transferred in 1973
1827	Harderwijk	Grote Kerk		II / p	23	In the 1930s pneumatic pedal with 2 registers added
1830	Amsterdam	Ronde Lutherse Kerk		III / P	49	With Rückpositiv; Housing designed by TF Suys ; 1983 Restoration by Flentrop after a fire
1825-1831	Utrecht	Utrecht Cathedral		III / P	50	Using older pipe material
1831	's-Hertogenbosch	Hervormde Kerk		II / P	24
1831	Amsterdam	Instituut voor blinden
1834	Utrecht	Kerk buiten de Waardpoort				Housing in Daarle preserved
1835	Paramaribo	Lutheran Kerk		I / p	9	Built in 1833; Set up in 1835 by CGF Witte.
1836	Amsterdam	Kerk de Krijtberg				Replaced in 1905 by a new building by Adema; some registers taken over
1838	Krommenie	Hervormde Kerk		II / p	16
1837-1839	Delft	Nieuwe Kerk		III / P	47
1840	Maassluis	Grote Kerk		III / P	42	Renovation of the organ by Rudolf Garrels (1729–32)
1842	Mijdrecht	Hervormde Kerk		II / p	13	1915/2001 expanded to include an independent pedal
1842	The hague	Paleis Kneuterdijk (Gothic Hall)		II / P	18th
1843	Batavia	Willemskerk
1843	Zeist	Oude Kerk		II / P	23
1843	Amsterdam	Amstelkerk		II / p	16
1846	Woerden	Lutheran Kerk		II / p	11
1848	Harmelen	Hervormde Kerk				Built by Witte; Burned in 1899

literature

• AJ van der Aa : Jonathan Bätz . In: Biographical woordenboek der Nederlanden . tape 2 . Haarlem 1855, p. 176 f . ( online (PDF file; 74 MB) - with catalog raisonné).
• Salomon Kümmerle: Bätz, Johann Heinrich Hartmann [and descendants] . In: Encyclopedia of Protestant Church Music . tape 1 . Gütersloh 1888, p. 122 .
• Gert Oost: De orgelmakers Bätz, een eeuw orgelbouw in Nederland (1739-1849) . Alphen ad Rijn (Uitg.Canaletto) 1975, p. 408 .
• Gert Oost: The organ builders Bätz, 1739-1849 . In: Organ Calendar 1975 . 3. Edition. Jacq. Stinkens, Orgelpijpenmakers, Zeist 1981.
• Willem van Twillert: Het Bätz organ in de Ronde Lutherse Kerk te Amsterdam opnieuw in gebruik genomen . In: De Orgelvriend . tape 39 , no. 7/8 , 1997, pp. 8-12 .
• James L. Wallmann: Bätz . In: Douglas E. Bush, Richard Kassel (Eds.): The Organ. To Encyclopedia . Routledge, New York, London 2006, ISBN 0-415-94174-1 , pp. 53 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Web links

• Bätz organs (Dutch)
• Utrecht Foundation Organ Archie Maarten Albert Vente: Bätz-Witte Archief
• Catalog of the Bätz-Witte archive (DOC file; 164 kB)
• Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek, 1912, p. 104f (Dutch)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Wallmann: Bätz . 2006, p. 53 ( limited preview in Google Book search)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Bätz-Witte Archief , seen November 23, 2011.
3. ^ Organ in Nieuwenhoorn , seen November 23, 2011.
4. ^ Organ in Weesp , seen November 23, 2011.
5. ↑ Organ in 's-Graveland , seen November 23, 2011.
6. ^ Organ in The Hague, Lutherse Kerk , as seen on November 23, 2011.
7. ^ Organ in Ermelo , seen November 23, 2011.
8. ↑ organ in Haderwijk seen 23 November 2011th
9. ^ Organ in the Utrecht Cathedral , as seen on November 23, 2011.
10. ↑ Organ in 's-Hertogenbosch , seen November 23, 2011.
11. ^ Organ in Krommenie , seen November 23, 2011.
12. ^ Organ in Delft, Nieuwe Kerk , as seen on November 23, 2011.
13. ^ Organ in Mijdrecht , seen November 23, 2011.
14. ^ Organ in The Hague, Gothic Hall , seen on November 23, 2011.
15. ^ Organ in Zeist , seen November 23, 2011.
16. ^ Organ in Amsterdam, Amstelkerk , seen November 23, 2011.
17. ↑ Organ in Woerden , seen November 23, 2011.