Woerden

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Woerden community
Flag of the municipality of Woerden
flag 		Coat of arms of the municipality of Woerden
coat of arms
province Utrecht Utrecht
mayor Victor Molkenboer ( PvdA )
Seat of the municipality Woerden
Area
 - land
 - water 		92.89  km 2
89.35 km 2
3.54 km 2
CBS code 0632
Residents 52,184 (Jan 31, 2019)
Population density 562 inhabitants / km 2
Coordinates 52 ° 5 '  N , 4 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 52 ° 5 '  N , 4 ° 53'  E
Important traffic route A12 E25 E30 N198 N212 N401 N405 N419 N458 N463
prefix 0348
Postcodes 3440-3449
Website Homepage of Woerden
LocatieWoerden.png
Template: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / map
Aerial view of the center
Marketplace in Woerden
Castle: Kasteel Woerden

Woerden ( listen ? / I ) is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht (until 1989 South Holland ). The municipality includes the town of Woerden and the villages of Kamerik, Zegveld, Harmelen, Kanis and De Meije. The population was 52,184 (as of January 31, 2019), of which 34,804 (as of January 1, 2010) live in the city of Woerden. Woerden has been twinned with the Westphalian town of Steinhagen since 1972 . In 2016 Woerden was awarded the honorary title of “ Reformation City of Europe ” by the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe . Audio file / audio sample

Location and economy

Woerden is 12 kilometers west of Utrecht , in the direction of Gouda - The Hague / Rotterdam . It is connected to these cities by railways and motorways, but few trains stop in Woerden. The city lies on the river “ Oude Rijn ” (old Rhine), a tributary of the Lek, which is only important for shipping to the west of the city. Woerden has a cheese factory ( "Goudse kaas" ), a factory for desserts and yoghurt as well as many trading companies. There is a lot of livestock and horticulture in the area. Weijers Domino Productions, which organized Domino Day , is located in Woerden .

history

The place Woerden goes back to a Roman foundation: around 41 AD there was a Roman fort called Castellum Laurium on a hill in the swampy polder landscape . The camp located on the old Rhine remained in existence until 270 as part of the northern border of the Roman Empire .

The name Woerden first appears in 795 - at that time Wyrda . It is derived from the name Wierde mound from an artificially piled hill. From around 1160 Woerden was a border fortress of the bishopric of Utrecht against the county of Holland . Count Floris V of Holland temporarily conquered it for his country and had a castle built there in 1287. On March 12th, 1372 gave Duke Albrecht of Bavaria , the city charter to Woerden. The Lutheran doctrine of faith has found support in Woerden from the start. That is why the first Protestant martyr of the northern Netherlands comes from Woerden : Jan de Bakker, also known as Jan van Woerden . Under Philip II of Spain , Erich II , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, becomes Lord of Woerden in 1566. The Duke, who converted to Catholicism, suppresses Lutheran worship in the city with an iron hand. When the city sided with the Republic in the uprising against the Habsburgs, it was besieged unsuccessfully by the Spaniards for a year in the course of the Eighty Years' War in 1575.

The French ravaged the city in 1672 and 1673, and again under Napoléon Bonaparte in 1813. In 1814 Woerden became part of the Province of South Holland , in 1989 it was annexed to the Province of Utrecht . On January 8, 1962, the largest railway disaster in Dutch history took place in a meadow near the farming village of Harmelen , which is part of the municipality . 93 travelers died and 52 were injured.

Attractions

de Windhond

There are many small streets with old farms on the territory of the municipality. This picturesque polder landscape is particularly suitable for bike tours ( Oudewater with the witch scales weighing sample or to Haarzuilens Castle).

The old town hall, the construction of which began in 1501, is located in the city center of Woerden; Other buildings worth seeing are the armory ("het Arsenaal") from 1762, a former military barracks (Kazerne) from 1790 - today used for gastronomic purposes - a former Franciscan monastery ("het Klooster") from 1899 - today an event center -, a water tower (" de Watertoren ”) from 1906, the Lutheran Church (“ de Lutherse kerk ”) from 1646 and the St. Bonaventura Church (“ Sint-Bonaventurakerk ”) from 1892.

A landmark of the city that can be seen from far and wide , the de Windhond grain mill from 1755 is a defining feature of the cityscape . It has been restored several times over the years, is functional and can be viewed on the market day of Woerden (Wednesdays) during the grinding operation.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Woerden  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Woerden in the Topographia Circuli Burgundici (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand . In: StatLine . Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (Dutch)
  2. ↑ The Reformation Cities of Europe. For the meaning of Woerden in the history of the Reformation see the section History .
  3. ↑ E. Blom, W. K. Vos, A. M. Brakman et al. a. (Ed.): Woerden-Hoochwoert. The opgravingen 2002-2004 uit het Romeinse castellum Laurium, de vicus en van het schip de 'Woerden 7' (= ADC monograph. 2; ADC report. 910). ADC ArcheoProjecten, Amersfoort; Hazenberg Archeologie, Leiden 2008, ISBN 978-90-5874-955-0 , p. 11 f.
  4. ^ Liudger : Vita Gregorii abbatis Traiectensis auctore Liudgero. Edited by O. Holder-Egger . In: Georg Waitz , Wilhelm Wattenbach u. a. (Ed.): Scriptores (in Folio) 15.1: Supplementa tomorum I-XII, pars III. Supplementum tomi XIII pars I. Hannover 1887, p. 67 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitalisat ) (line 14; see the other readings, line 39, note w) : Wyrdam, Wirda).
  5. ↑ Karl Friedrich Ulrich :  PISTORIUS, John (prop Jan de Bakker.). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 7, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-048-4 , Sp. 646-648.  ( Article / beginning of article in the Internet archive ) (Last change: February 9, 1999, accessed on September 16, 2016).
  6. ^ GND entry by Erich II. In: German National Library. d-nb.info, accessed on September 16, 2016.