José María Medina (politician)
José María Medina (born March 19, 1826 in Sensenti, Honduras, † January 23, 1878 in Santa Rosa de Copán ) was President of Honduras from June 21, 1863 to August 24, 1876 with interruptions .
Life
His mother was Antonia Medina. His teacher was Eusebio Toro. In 1844 he joined the army. He was involved in the campaigns against the Filibusteropiraten under William Walker .
On June 10, 1862, José Rafael Carrera Turcios had Honduras invaded by troops commanded by Vicente Cerna Sandoval and occupied Ciudad de Comayagua and Llanos de Santa Rosa. José María Medina was in command of the fortress of Omoa , as such he delivered this General Carrera and followed Carrera to Guatemala, where he was rewarded for this service with the promotion to lieutenant colonel .
In 1863 Florencio Xatruch Villagra initiated an uprising, as a result of which Carrera set up José María Medina as a counter-government to José Francisco Montes Fonseca on June 20, 1863 in Gracias. With the handover of Francisco Inestroza, who was allowed to act as president when Medina was elected in early 1864, Medina appointed Xatruch on February 15, 1864 as his deputy. Because of a dispute with Medina, he dismissed Xatruch from the proxy. Xatruch exiled to El Salvador, where he was in May 1876 Francisco Dueñas to commander of the garrison of Trujillo appointed.
Olancho uprising
On December 7, 1864, the arrest of MP Rosales sparked an uprising in Olancho . The uprising was led by Colons Barahona, Zavala and Antúnez. More than 1,000 insurgents marched towards Tegucigalpa in 1865 . During the uprising Medina did not come from Yoro in Departamento Yoro out before him had not been assured that the danger had passed. On December 25, 1864, he gave the written order, which his minister Francisco Cruz countersigned. In this he encouraged his officers to kill prisoners. At that time the constitution abolished the death penalty and civilians could not be tried in military courts . Had his generals Juan López Gutiérrez and Juan Antonio Medina Orellana carried out the order to the letter, all the inhabitants of Olancho would have been destroyed. 200 men were shot and 500 were hanged .
In 1865 a constitution was issued designating Honduras as a republic.
In April 1871, Medina declared war on El Salvador. Francisco Dueñas Díaz was overthrown by Mariscal Santiago González Portillo . Mariscal Santiago Gonzáles and Florencio Xatruch Villagra agreed to overthrow Medina. With an army of 300 soldiers from Honduras and 700 from El Salvador, they invaded Honduras. Medina entrusted his deputy Inocente Rodríguez with the governance and was personally involved in the defense of his presidency. Xatruch's troops were defeated and Xatruch fled to Nicaragua.
Guatemala and El Salvador had liberal and anti-clerical governments. In March 1872 troops from Guatemala and El Salvador attacked Honduras, defeated the army of Honduras and replaced President José Maria Medina with Carlos Céleo Arias López . Medina was arrested in Omoa and taken to Comayagua where he remained in custody until January 13, 1874 when Ponciano Leiva took power.
In January 1876, José Maria Medina von Gracías initiated an uprising against Ponciano Leiva.
On January 23, 1878, Medina was fusilized .
Individual evidence
- ↑ El Porvenir de Nic. according to Bancroft page 465 FN 43
- ^ The New York Times , January 26, 1876, uprising of Gen. Don José Maria Medina , at Gracios, in Honduras, and the upsetting of the President Don Ponanciano Leiva
- ↑ en: Hubert Howe Bancroft , HISTORY OF CENTRAL AMERICA | content | c 5 p.79-107 | c 7 p.127-144 | c 8 p.145-164 | c12 p.238-263 | c13 p.264-284 | c14 p.285-308 | c15 p.310-326 | c17 p.347-370 | c18 p.371-391 | | c19 p.392-412 | c22 p.453-569 , THE HISTORY COMPANY, PUBLISHERS SAN FRANCISCO, 1887
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
|
José Francisco Montes Fonseca Francisco Inestroza Inocente Rodríguez Crescencio Gómez Valladares |
List of Presidents of Honduras June 20, 1863 - December 30, 1863 February 15, 1864 - May 15, 1865 February 1, 1866 - August 12, 1869 February 2, 1870 - March 17, 1871 October 20, 1871-March 1872 12. - August 24, 1876 |
Francisco Inestroza Crescencio Gómez Valladares Inocente Rodríguez Carlos Céleo Arias López Marco Aurelio Soto |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Medina, José María |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | President of Honduras |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 19, 1826 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sensenti, Honduras |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 23, 1878 |
| Place of death | Ciudad de Santa Rosa de Copan |